Present Perfect Tense

The autumn has already

arrived

How do you know?

Present Perfect TenseFORM: have / has + past participle

Affirmative : I have seen the film before.She has seen the film before.

Interrogative : Have you seen the film before?Has she seen the film before?

Negative : They haven’t seen the film before.He hasn’t seen the film before.

1- Recent events : It is used to describe recent events without a definite time . The idea of time or place in the speaker’s mind makes the event recent. A time expression may emphasize recentness: just, recently, lately

Present Perfect TenseUses of the present perfect

Why are they so happy?

They have just won a prize so they are really pleased

Present Perfect Tense

2- Personal experiences : It is used to express personal experiences, there is not a definite time given. The time expressions ever and never are very often used with this meaning

I have never been to Japan. Have you ever been there?

Present Perfect Tense3- It is used to express actions that started in the past

and continue to the present, the time period is no t finished. We use for and since with this meaning. We use for with periods of time and since with points of time.

I haven’t eaten since yesterday morning. I am really hungry

I haven’t drunk anything for two days. I am terribly thirsty

Contrast between Present Perfect and Past Simple

We use definite expressions with the Past simple tense: yesterday, last week, … ago etc, while we don’t use definite time expressions with the Presen t perfect tense.I have been to France three times

When did you go there last? I went there last Summer

� Gerald has bought a new car. He bought it last week.

� Have you met Ray? – Yes, I met him when we were students.

� My parents have been to India. In fact, they went there twice last year.

� Has anybody phoned me? – Yes, Joyce phoned an hour ago.

� I’ve seen that man before. – Really? When did you see him?

Contrast between Present Perfect and Past Simple

Present Perfect Tense

Have you ever listened to classical music before ?

Where did you hear it?

Present Perfect Tense

Have you walked along a riverside similar to the one on the photograph?

When did you do it?

Note the difference• He has been to London. ���� Now he is here. He can tell you wonderful stories about London.

• He has been in London for two weeks. ���� He is still in London.

• Where’s Peter? He has gone to London. ���� He is in Italy or on his way to London.