english public speaking chapter 6 supporting your...
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English Public Speaking Chapter 6
Supporting Your Ideas
复旦大学《英语公众演说》教学团队
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• “What do you mean?”
• “Why should I believe you?”
• “So what?”
Three Questions to Remember
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Supporting Materials
• Examples
• Statistics
• Testimony
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Supporting Materials
• 1. Example
• Examples are specific cases used
to illustrate or to embody people,
objects, ideas, processes,
conditions, experiences, etc.
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Supporting Materials
• 1. Example
• 1.1 actual example
• --- brief or extended
• 1.2 Hypothetical example
• --- third-person or second-person
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Tips for Using Examples
• 1) Use typical and representative
examples;
• 2) Make examples vivid and richly
textured;
• 3) Polish your language and practice
your delivery;
• 4) Combine statistics and testimony
with examples.
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Supporting Materials
• 2. Statistics
• Statistics means numerical data,
namely, numbers and figures,
mathematical generalizations.
--- multiple or single
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Tips for Using Statistics
• 1) Quote statistics from reliable sources;
• 2) Identify the sources of information;
• 3) Explain the numbers in familiar terms,
• 4) Round off complicated figures;
• 5) Use visual aids to reinforce the
statistics.
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Supporting Materials
• 3. Testimony
Testimony refers to quotations or
paraphrases used to support a point.
--- expert testimony
--- peer/lay testimony
--- prestige testimony
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Tips for Using Testimony
• 1) Quote or paraphrase the words
accurately from qualified and
reliable sources;
• 2) Always remember to identify
the people you quote.
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Direct Quote VS Paraphrase
• Direct quote: Testimony
presented word for word
• Paraphrase: Restating
source’s ideas in own words
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Citing Sources Orally
• Name of document
• Author, sponsoring organization
• Qualifications
• Date
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References
• Brydon, Steven R. & Scott, Michael D. Between One
and Many: The Art and Science of Public Speaking. 6th
Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008.
• Crick, Nathan. Rhetorical Public Speaking. 2nd Edition.
Louisiana State University, 2014.
• Gregory, Hamilton. Public Speaking for College and
Career. 7th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.
• Lucas, Stephen E. The Art of Public Speaking. 10th
Edition. Beijing: FLTRP, 2010.
• Lucas, Stephen E. The Art of Public Speaking, Teacher’s
Manual. Beijing: FLTRP, 2011.