english grammar
TRANSCRIPT
ENGLISH GRAMMAR
PRESENT TENSE BE, DEMONSTRATIVES,
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES, CAN, PREPOSITIONS
PRESENT TENSE BE
The verb BE has got three forms: AM, IS, ARE, which we have to use according to the pronoun or subject.
TO BE
Occupations Nouns Adjectives Places
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
They are doctors. AREThey
We are friends. AREWe
It is a city. ISIt
She is my sister.ISShe
He is in the lab. ISHe
You are a student.AREYou
I am a teacher.AMI
ExampleVerb FormSubject
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
She is not sad They are not in the school
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
We’re not = We aren’t
You’re not = You aren’t
They’re not = They aren’t
We
You are not
They
He`s not = He isn’t
She’s not = She isn’t
It’s not = It isn’t
He
She is not
It
I`m notI am not
YES / NO QUESTIONS
YES / NO QUESTIONS
YES / NO QUESTIONS
Mary tall and thin.
Mary tall and thin?
Yes, she is / No, she isn’t
Yes, she is tall and thin. / No, she is not tall and thin
Affirmative Statement:
Yes / No question:
Short Answers:
Full /Complete Answers:
John and Peter students.
John and Peter students?
Yes, they are / No, they aren’t
Yes, they are students. / No they are not students.
Affirmative Statement:
Yes / No question:
Short Answers:
Full /Complete Answers:
are
Are
is
Is
WH - QUESTIONS
WH - QUESTIONS
WH - QUESTIONS
How are you? I am sad.
How is Loja? It is small.
State
Form / manner
How
Where is he? In the house.PlacesWhere
Who is the director of the school? Carlos.
PeopleWho
What is this? It is a book.
What is your name? Robert.
What do you do? I am a driver.
What is he doing? He’s working
Things
Name
Occupations
Activities
What
ExampleInformation about…
Wh-word
REVIEW
Are they doctors?
Are we friends?
Is it a city?
Is she my sister?
Is he in the lab?
Are you a student?
Am I a teacher?
Yes/No Question
They are not doctors.
We are not friends.
It is not a city.
She is not my sister.
He is not in the lab.
You are not a student.
I am not a teacher.
Negative Statements
Yes, they are / No they are not
They are doctors.
Yes, we are / No, we are not
We are friends.
Yes, it is / No, it is notIt is a city.
Yes, she is / No, she is not
She is my sister.
Yes, he is / No, he is notHe is in the lab.
Yes, I am / No, I am notYou are a student.
Yes, you are / No, you are not
I am a teacher.
Short AnswersStatement
DEMONSTRATIVES
We use THIS / THESE when the objects are near to the speaker.
This is a blackboard These are papers
THIS +Singular Nouns THESE + Plural Nouns
DEMONSTRATIVES
We use THAT / THOSE when the objects are far from the speaker.
That is a lake.
Those are mountainsTHAT + Singular Nouns
THOSE + Plural Nouns
DEMONSTRATIVES
DEMONSTRATIVES
PLURAL NOUNS
cat - catsface - facesday – days
Add -smost others
fly - fliestry - tries
curry – curries
Change y to ithen
Add –es
consonant + y
boss - bossestax - taxes
bush - bushes
Add -ess, x, ch or sh
ExamplesForming the pluralNoun ending
IRREGULAR PLURAL
potato - potatoestomato - tomatoes
volcano - volcanoes
Add –esEnds with - o
half - halveswolf - wolvesloaf - loaves
Change f to vthen
Add –es
Ends with –f
knife - kniveslife - lives
wife - wives
Change f to vthen
Add –s
Ends with -fe
ExamplesForming the pluralNoun type
IRREGULAR PLURAL
sheepdeer
fish (sometimes)
Singular and pluralare the same
Unchanging
man - menfoot - feet
child - childrenperson - people
tooth - teethmouse - mice
Change the vowelor
Change the wordor
Add a different ending
ALL KINDS
ExamplesForming the pluralNoun type
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
POSSESSIVE ADJTECTIVES
POSSESSIVE ADJTECTIVES
This is our house
Her pants are blueHis shirt is new
This is her cat
POSSESSIVE FORM ‘S
POSSESSIVE FORM ‘S
Kevin’s wife is Rose.
His wife is Rose.Charlie’s book is black.
The Child’s mother is happy
PREPOSITION OF PLACE
At the bus station at home
At the door at the top
At work at the end of
AT (lugar específico)
On a shelf on a wall
On a plate on the table
On a balcony on a door
ON (sobre una superficie)
In the house in a shop
In a room in a town
In a car in a garden
IN (dentro de)
CAN / CAN’T
CAN / CAN’T
They can dance He can’t play the piano He can play football
He can swim He can skate
NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
Can they walk ?
Can we sing?
Can it run?
Can she swim?
Can he play?
Can you dance?
Can I cook?
YES/NO QUESTIONS
Yes, they can / No, they can’t
Yes, we can / No, we can’t
Yes, it can / No, it can’t
Yes, she can / No, she can’t
Yes, he can / No, he can`t
Yes I can / No I can’t
Yes, you can / No,you can´t
SHORT ANSWERS
They can not walk
We can not sing
It can not run
She can not swim
He can not play
You can not dance
I can not cook
NEGATIVE
They can walk
We can sing
It can run
She can swim
He can play
You can dance
I can cook
AFFIRMATIVE