EnglishforSpecificPurposes

MATEFLworkshopNovember2017

Gettingstarted

WhatareaofESPdothesewordscomefrom?1.Sutures,brace,cyst,scrubs2.Torque,weld,blueprint,hoist3.Frisk,DUI,carjack,misdemeanour4.Highseason,trail,picturesque,blackoutdates

Thissession

Inthissession,wewill…

• LookatsomeoftheprinciplesbehindteachingESP

• Exploreneedsanalysis• Hands-onpracticewithsomeESPmaterial

ESPvsGeneralEnglish

• “ESPisanapproachtolanguageteachinginwhichalldecisionsastocontentandmethodarebasedonthelearners’reasonforlearning.”

Hutchinson&Waters,1987:19

ESPcourses

• Authenticmaterial– Studymaterialshouldbeauthenticandrelevanttothelearner.

• Purpose-relatedorientation– Communicativetasksshouldbedesignedtosimulatethetargetsetting.

• Self-direct– Learnersshouldbeencouragedtochoosewhatmaterialandmethodologythecourseshoulduse.

Carter,1983

Balancingstudentexpectation

student teacher

Whatyouactuallyknow

Whatthestudentthinksyoushould

know

Balancestudentexpectation

• Thebestwaytobalanceexpectationisthroughpreparation:

– Needsanalysis– Diagnosticlanguagetest– Cleardiscussionofcourseonthefirstday

Needsanalysis

• Workwithapartner/smallgroup.– CreateaneedsanalysisforagroupofstudentswhoarequalifiedPoliceOfficerswhowanttoimprovetheirPolicingEnglish.

Needsanalysis1

Needsanalysis2

Authenticmaterial

Inmyexperience,…• whenastudentasksforspeaking,incorporatelistening.

• whenastudentasksforwriting,incorporatereading.

Whatwouldyoudo?

• Watchthefollowingvideo.HowwouldyouuseitinaclassforPolicingEnglish?

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qktOvVNXwc

Samplelessonplan

• Hereisaquotefromapoliceofficer.Whatcrimeishedescribing?

• “Thereispetrolbombsbeingthrown.Thereisbricksbeingthrown.Theyhadcontrolatthatpoint,andIthinkalotofthemknewthat.”

• (Note:ThePoliceofficerusesthewrongformofaverbinthesesentences.Whatisitandwhyisitwrong?)

Whatdothesewordsmean?

cheer scared looted joking drag

pelted billow anonymous blow masonry

Thesearecommentsfrompoliceofficerswhowereatthe

scene.Putawordfromtheboxaboveintothegaps.

“Asweexitedthecarpark,thevanwasgettingconstantly(1)____________.Thethingthatprobablyscaredmethemostwasthatthesidedoorwasabouttoflyopenandsomeonewasjustgoingtocomeinand(2)________________meoff.”

“Sincetheofficerwentdown,thiskindof(3)________________…andtheyweretryingtothrowquitelargechunksof(4)_____________.I’veneverseenthatlevelofhatredtowardsthepolice.”

Forfivedayslastsummer,Englandwas(5)______________andburnt.Confrontingtherioterswerejustafewthousandpoliceofficers.TheyheldthethinbluelinewhencontrolofBritain’sstreetshunginthebalance.

“Ihadtosay‘Youarenotgoingtogetanymoreresourcesintheimmediatefuture.You’vegotwhatyou’vegot.YouaregoingtohavetotryandholdtheHighstreet’,andhesaidtome‘areyou(6)________________?’.”

“Imean,itwasalmostimpossibletobreathe.Smokestartedto(7)_________________outfromtheroof.Myfearwassomethinginthereisgoingto(8)_________________.Whatwillhappenifaroofcollapsesorabrickwallfallsdown?Someoneisgoingtogethurt.”

“SomepeoplethinkthatthePolicearesome(9)____________________robotoutthere.Wearenot.Backathome,mywifeandmykidswere(10)___________________.”

•• Listenandcheckyouranswers(0:00– 1:32).• TheRiot:Intheirownwords:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qktOvVNXwc

•

A. ReportedSpeechDirectspeech: “Thereispetrolbombsbeingthrown.Thereisbricksbeingthrown.Theyhadcontrolatthatpoint,andIthinkalotofthemknewthat.”

Reportedspeech: ThePoliceOfficersaidthattherewerepetrolbombsandbricksbeingthrown.Theriotershadhadcontrolatthatpoint,andhethoughtthatmanyofthemhadknownthat.

Whatgrammaticalchangeshavebeenmadefromdirecttoreportedspeech?

• Brainstormasmanyreportingverbsasyoucan…

• E.g.Toldusthat,saidthat,reportedthat,...

Tenseindirectspeech Hesaidthat…

Presentsimplee.g.Riotersoftencausedamagetoproperty.Presentcontinuouse.g.Thelootersarecrossingthecarpark.Pastsimplee.g.TheriotshappenedinUKin2010.Pastcontinuouse.g.Therioterswerethrowingpetrolbombs.Presentperfectsimplee.g.Policehavedealtwiththeriotingsince6am.Presentperfectcontinuouse.g.Crowdshavebeengatheringoutsidethestation.Futuree.g.Thepolicewillbecriticisedfornotactingfaster.

Directspeech ReportedspeechNowTodayThiseveningYesterdayTomorrowNextyear/month/weekHereThisThese

LookingbackatthecommentsfromPoliceOfficersfromthevideo,re-writetheseinreportedspeech:

“Asweexitedthecarpark,thevanwasgettingconstantlypelted.Thethingthatprobablyscaredmethemostwasthatthesidedoorwasabouttoflyopenandsomeonewasjustgoingtocomeinanddragmeoff.”

“Sincetheofficerwentdown,therewasthiskindofcheer…andtheyweretryingtothrowquitelargechunksofmasonry.I’veneverseenthatlevelofhatredtowardsthepolice.”

Forfivedayslastsummer,Englandwaslootedandburnt.Confrontingtherioterswerejustafewthousandpoliceofficers.TheyheldthethinbluelinewhencontrolofBritain’sstreetshunginthebalance.

Identify the changes between a direct and a reported speech question.

Directspeech Reportedspeech

Yes/no:Areyouready? Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasready.

Be:Whereareyougoing? HeaskedmewhereIwasgoing.

Have:Whyhaven’tyoufinishedyet?

HeaskedmewhyIhadn’tfinished.

Do:Whatdoyouthinkaboutit?

HeaskedmewhatIthoughtaboutit.

Modals:WhenmustIbethere?

HeaskedmewhenIhadtobethere.

LookingbackatthesecommentsfromPoliceOfficersinthevideo,re-writetheseinreportedspeech:

• “Ihadtosay‘Youarenotgoingtogetanymoreresourcesintheimmediatefuture.You’vegotwhatyou’vegot.YouaregoingtohavetotryandholdtheHighstreet’,andhesaidtome‘areyoujoking?’.”

• “Imean,itwasalmostimpossibletobreathe.Smokestartedtobillowoutfromtheroof.Myfearwassomethinginthereisgoingtoblow.Whatwillhappenifaroofcollapsesorabrickwallfallsdown?Someoneisgoingtogethurt.”

PuttheseeventsintothecorrectorderA___

ChiefInspectorAdelekan triestocontrolthecrowdbutitbecomesincreasingly

militant.

B___SuperintendentGomm seeshelicopterimagesofthedisturbanceandmobilisesriot

police,beforegoingtothecontrolRoom.

C___Protestersdemandanexplanationforthefamilyandareangryattheslowpolice

response.

D___ Thepeacefuldemonstrationstartstoturnviolent.

E___SuperintendentGommchecksthattheservicesmobilisationplanhasbeen

activatedandcheckswhethertheresourceswereontheirway.

F___ TheMetropolitanPoliceshootdeadalocalman,MarkDuggan

G___ SuperintendentGommmobilisestheservicemobilisationplanfromambertored.

H___ChiefInspectorAdelekan asksforpublicordertrainedofficerstobedeployedas

soonastheycould.

Andfinally

• Telltheeventsinyourownwords…

Bibliography

Carter,D.(1983).SomepropositionsaboutESP.TheESPJournal,2.Hutchinson,Tom&Waters,Alan(1987).EnglishforSpecificPurposes:Alearner-centeredapproach.CambridgeUniversityPress.

Thankyouforlistening

NotTimed

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