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English / Creole

Kreyòl / Angle

Medical Phrasebook

Published by: Eastern Digital Resoures

5705 Sullivan Point Drive Powder Springs, GA 30127

English / Creole Phrasebook 2

English / Creole Phrasebook

1st Printing – JAN 2010 0/0/0/1

© Copyright 2005. Eastern Digital Resources. All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced by any means without the express written consent of the copyright holder.

Published by: Eastern Digital Resources 5705 Sullivan Point Drive

Powder Springs, GA 30127 http://www.ngohaiti.com

EMAIL: [email protected]

Tel. (803) 661-3102


Sources Used

Bib La – The Haitian Bible Society, Port Au Prince Haiti

Haitian Creole Dictionary - Online HTML English-Creole dictionary of English words and their Creole equivalents. http://www.kreyol.com/dictionary/dictionary.html

Creole-English Glossary - Word list with Haitian Creole words and their English counterparts. http://www.jewsforshalom.org/Creole-EnglishWordlist.html

LeCorde’s English-Kreyol Dictionary - Word list of English words & their equivalents in Haitian Creole. http://www.geocities.com/frenchcreoles/kreyol/krldict.txt

LeCorde’s Creole Grammar http://www.geocities.com/frenchcreoles/kreyol/

Examples of sentences in Creole by Marc-Charles Nicolas

A Learner's Dictionary of Haitian Creole by Albert Valdman, Indiana University Creole Institute, 1996

Creole Made Easy by H. Ormonde McConnell in 1945 and revised and edited by Wally Turnbull 2000.

Ann pale kreyòl An Introductory Course in Haitian Creole - Albert Valdman, Indiana University Creole Institute, 1988.

Haitians— Their History And Culture ttp://www.culturalorientation.net/haiti/hcreole.html


Alfabè Kreyòl la

The Creole Alphabet

letter name sound as in

a ah a Hat

an ah-en ong (but don't say the g)

long (without the g)

b bee b same as English

ch see-ahsh ch machine

d dee d same as English

e ay ay Day

en ay en ang (but don't say the g)

clang (without the g)

è ay grav e get

f ehf f same as English

g gay g always like in go

i ee i machine

j zhee zh leizure

k ka k same as English

l ell l same as English

m em m same as English

n en n same as English

o o o hot

ò ograv aw saw


on owen o home (saying the m through your nose)

ou oo ou you

p pee p same as English

r ah-wah n/a

say Randy and place a hard H sound before the r; the sound when made correctly sounds a lot like "w".

s ess s same as English

t tah t same as English

v va v same as English

w doob va w same as English

y eep-seelon

y, ee y

like in yes except at the end a word where it's like the ee y in "see ya!" with the a cut short.

z zed z same as English

Stress is on the last syllable. Haitian Creole only lacks the /th/ sounds in "thick" and "the," the /i/ sound in "pin," the /a/ sound in "hat," and the /r/ sound in "row." It contains, however, other sounds (e.g., nasals) that do not exist in English.


Vowels

Haitian Creole has ten vowels and three semi-vowels. The following list contains a phonemic description and examples in Creole and English where appropriate. In the recent standardization of Creole orthography, great effort was made to make the sound-symbol correspondence consistent for ease in the acquisition of literacy skills. In other words, each sound is consistently represented by the same written symbol (i.e., letter or group of letters). The written equivalent for each sound is in bold.

HC English / i / diri see / e / bebe mate / e / bèbè get /e / benyen - / a / papa hot / ã / manman - / u / moumou Food / o / bobo photo / ç / bòzò ought / õ / bonbon - / wi / uit - / w / wi Win / y / Ayiti you


A Guide to Creole Pronunciation

Creole is written phonetically. Each letter is pronounced, and each word is spelled as it is pronounced. Creole has only been recognized as the official language of Haiti in the last few years. Therefore, there are many different ways in which the Haitians write and spell Creole words. There is an official standard that has been set, and this standard will be maintained in this publication. The following is a pronunciation guide using this standard; most of the sounds are French. ch-share chache-to look for o-claw fo-strong e-aim ede-to aid, help ou-you ou-you e-leg mesi-thank you r-(not rolled) respire-to breathe g-go gen-to have I-see isit-here s-(always s) prese-in a hurry j-(avoid the d sound) jou-day y-yes pye-foot o-toe zo-bone There are nasal sounds in Creole just as there are nasal sounds in French, which are pronounced partially through the nose, but without the "n" itself pronounced (a rare exception to the general pronunciation rule of pronouncing every letter). Some English equivalents which come close to the nasal sounds are as follows:


an-alms dan-tooth en-chopin pen-bread on-don't bon-good A. When a nasal sound is followed by another "n", or "m," the nasal sound is pronounced, then the "n" or "m" is pronounced separately. B. If an accent is placed over the vowel, there is no nasal sound. C. In never indicates a nasal sound. The letter c is only used in the ch combination. The letter k is used for the hard sound. The letter s is used for the soft sound.


Differences in sentence structure in English and Haitian .

The written language

• No capital letters for nationalities, languages, days, and months. 53.

Sentence structure and word order

• An adverb can occur between verb and object: *I like very much clam chowder. 34b; 45e.

• Want is followed by a that clause: *He wants that you leave now. 61c.

• Uses a clause structure where English uses -ing form: *He savored the sight of the flowers that blew gently in the wind.

• A dependent clause with a noun subject uses V-S order: *I knew what would decide the committee. 34b.

Nouns and pronouns

• Some uncountable nouns in English are countable and plural in French: *furnitures, hairs, luggages. &c.

• Relative pronouns make no distinction between human and nonhuman: *The girls which . . . 46a.


• Reflexive pronouns have the same form as personal object pronouns for the first and second persons: *I taught me to ski. 44h.

• In both French and Creole, no endings are added to indicate possessive nouns (ës). 48.

Verbs and verbals

• No ending on third person singular verb (-s) in French or Creole, and final -s is not pronounced. 43.

• Has no equivalent of gerund (-ing form); uses infinitive instead: *She asked me about to work on the weekend. 61d; 63e.

• Forms of be are often omitted, particularly in Haitian Creole. 38c; 41c; 61a.

• Haitian Creole does not distinguish past tense and past perfect, and does not change the verb to indicate past tense. 41f.

• The present perfect form is used in French for simple past time: *He has left yesterday. 41f.

• French has no present progressive form. No distinction is made between She eats and She is eating. 41e.

Adjectives and adverbs

• French often uses and between two adjectives: *A big and square box. 45f.

Articles


• In French, definite article is used with singular or uncountable noun to state a generalization: *The photography is an art. 60c; 60f.

• In Haitian Creole, no article is used for a generalization with a singular noun: *Bird can fly. 60c.

• No article is used with a profession: *She is lawyer. 60e.

Source: http://college.hmco.com/english/raimes/keys_writers/2e/students/eslcentr/french.html


SOME USEFUL

CREOLE WORDS & PHRASES

Greetings

Good morning (Good day) = Bonjou.

Good day, Sir. Bonjou, Mesy è.

Good afternoon = bonswa (used after 11:00 A.M.) Bon aprè midi.

Good night =Bon swa.

Hello = Alo

Good bye = O revwa

How are you? = Koman ou ye?

Hello, how are you today? = Bonjou, Ki jan ou ye jodia?

I am fine, thanks = Mwen pa pli mal (Gras a Dye , Mèsi.) (M' byen (NOTE: sounds like Spanish mui bien))

Commonly Used Sentences

How do you say love? Kijan ou di "love" an kreyol?

I live in Port-au-Prince = Map viv Port-au-Prince or Mwen abite Port-au-Prince.

I am a student = Mwen se yon etidyan.

I go to school in Port-au-Prince = Mwen lekol Port-au-Prince.

I speak a little Creole = Mwen palè on ti kal Kreyol.

I would like some tea. = Mwne ta bwè yon ti tè.

I am tired = Mwen Fatiguè


I am hungry = Mwen grangou

I am not hungry = Mwen gen grangou. Mon pa grangou. I am thirsty. = Mon swaf.

I have to go = Fok mwen alè. Fode mwen alè.

I don't understand it = Mwen pa konpran sa

I don't understand = Mwen pa konpran

I understand (now) = Mwen konprann (konye-a)

I want a drink. = Mon vlè yon bwèson

It is important = Se trè impotan

It is raining. = Lapli ap tonbè.

I would like to buy a ... = Mwen ta renmen achtè ...

I would like a ... = Mwen ta renmen

I would like some ... = Mwen ta renmen pran yon ti..

It is very hot today. = Li fè cho jòdi a.

I'll give you ten gourdes .... M'a ba ou di goud....

John speaking (on the phone) = Se Jan (nan telefonn nan)

My name is John = Yo rele mwen Jan. M' rele Jan. Non mwen sè Jan.

OK, see you later. Oke, n'a wè pita

Let me see! Ban m wè!

Thanks a lot! Mèsi anpil!

Today is a beautiful day. = Jodi a sè yon bèl jou.


Questions How much is it? = Kombyen li ye?

How much does that cost? = Kombye kob sa koutè ?

How old are you? = Ki laj Ou?

What do you want? = Ki sa ou vlè?

What is this? = Ki sa sa ye?

What is that? = Sa sa ye ?

What is your name? = Koman yo rele ou? Kijan ou rele? Ki non ou?

Where can I find a church? = Ki kote ki mwen ka jwen'n yon lègliz?

Where is ...? = Ki kote ?

Where is it? = Ki kote li ye?

Where are you from? = Mou'n Ki kote ou se? Ki kote ou soti? Mou'n ki bo ou ye?.

Which country are you from? Nan ki peyi on soti? Nan ki peyi ou fèt?

Who are you? Ki mou'n ou ye? Ki mou'n sa?

Who is that? = Ki yès sa?

What is your job? = Nan ki sa wap travay?

What are you studying? = Ki sa wap etidye ?

What is wrong? = Ki problem ou? Ki sa ou genyen?


Do you speak Creole? = Ou pale creole? Ou kon n

parle creole?

What time is it? = ki lè li ye la?

Who is it? (on the phone) = Ki yes sa ?

Hello, ma'am. How are you? = Bonjou, ti dam. Ki jan ou ye?

Is that your child? Se pitit-ou?

What's his name? Ki jan li rele?

His name is _______. Li rele _______.

What are you doing? Ki sa ou ap fè?

Did you have a good day? Ou pase bon jounen?

What happened? Sa k' pase konsa?

What did you do? Ki sa nou fè?

How do you feel? Ki jan ou santi ou?

How much will that cost me? Konben sa ap koute m?

What do you want? Ki sa ou ap pran?

What brings you here? Sa k' mennen ou isit?

What do you mean? Kouman?

Where's everybody? Kote moun yo?


Medical Phrases We need a doctor/a nurse right now.

Nou bezwen yon dokte/yon mis touswit.

I'm not too well. Mwen pa two byen. I'm sick. Mwen malad. There was an accident. Te gen yon aksidan. Where is the hospital? Kote Iopital Ia Where does it hurt you? Kote Ii ou fe mal? She's pregnant. Li ansent. I cannot eat/sleep. Mwen pa ka manje/domi. I have diarrhea. Mwen gen djare.

I feel nauseated. Mwen anvi vonmi. My whole body is hot. Tout ko mwen cho. I'm dizzy. Mwen toudi. We need bandages/cotton, Nou bezwen

pansman/koton, I need something for this cut.

Mwen bezwen yon bagay pi blese sa a

You have AIDS. Ou gen SIDA. Can you help us please? Eske ou ka ede nou,

souple? What's the matter?

Sa k'genyen?

What must we do?

Kisa pi nou fe?


Medical Questionaire Patient Report Rapò Sou Maladi A To Use When Sending For Medical Help

Pou nou voye lè nap voye chache konkou doktè

What is the name of the sick person?

Non moun malad la?

Age Male Female Where is he (she)?

Laj li Gason Fanm Kote li ye?

What is the main sickness or problem right now?

Ki pwoblèm li osinon ki maladi lap soufri koulye a?

When did it begin? How did it begin?

Ki le sa kourmanse? Ki jan li koumanse?

Has the person had the same problem before? When?

Moun lan te gen pwoblèm sa a anvan? Ki lè?

Is there fever? How high? When and for how long?

Li gen lafyèv? Ki wotè lafyèv la? Ki lè lafyèv la pran l? Pou konbe tan?

Is there Pain? Where? What kind?

Li gen doulè? Ki kote? Ki jan doulè a pran l?

What is wrong or different from normal in any of the following?

Ki sa ki pa nòman nan kòli:

Skin: Ears: Eyes:

Po: Zòrèy: Je:


Mouth and throat: Genitals:

Bouch ak gòj: Pati li:

Urine: Much or little? Color? Trouble urinating? Describe: Times in 24 hours: Times at night:

Pipl: anpil osinon piti? Ki koulè? Li gen pwoblèm pou fè pipi? Bay detay: Konbe fwa li pipi nan vennkatrè? Konbe fwa lanwit?

Stools: Color? Blood or mucus? Diarrhea? Number of times a day: Cramps? Dehydration? Mild or severe? Worms? What kind?

Poupou: Ki koulè Ak san osinon glè ladan l? Li gen dyare? Konbe fwa li watè nan you jounen? Li gen lakranp? kolik? Li pèdi anpil dlo? Vè? Ki kalite?

Breathing: Breaths per minute: Deep, shallow, or normal? Difficulty breathing (describe): Cough (describe): Wheezing?

Souf (respirasyon li): konbe fwa li pran souf nan you minit? Souf la kout? li gwo? li nomal. Li gen pwoblèm pou li pran souf? (bay detay) Lap touse? (detay)


Mucus? With blood?

Li gen ral nan lestonmak li? Flenm? Avèk san?

Does the person have any of the signs of dangerous illness? Which? (give details)

Èske moun nam bay youn nan siy maladi grav sa yo? Kilès siy? (bay detay)

Other signs: Lòt siy li bay? Is the person taking medicine? What?

Èske moun lan ap pran renmèd? Kin renmèd sa ye?

Has the person ever used medicine that has caused a rash, hives (or bumps) with itching, or other allergic reactions? What?

Èske gen renmèd moun lan janm pran ki ba li bousòl ak gratèl osinon lòt reyaksyon alèji? Ki reyaksyon sa yo?

The state of the sick person is: Not very serious: Serious: Very serious:

Eta malad la: Pa twò grav: Grav Grav anpil


Numbers zero 0 en or yonn 1 dè 2 twa 3 kat 4 senk 5 sis 6 sèt 7 yuit 8 nèf 9 dis 10 onz 11 douz 12 trèz 13 katoz 14 kenz 15 sez 16 disèt 17 dizwit 18 diznèf 19 ven 20 trant 30 karant 40 senkant 50 swasant 60 swasant dis 70 katreven 80 katreven dis 90 san 100


Colors wouj red nwa black vè green oranj orange woz pink jòn yellow blè blue vyòlet purple maron brown blan white gri grey


Creole Grammar Nouns Nouns have no gender Plurals for plural place the plural article yo after the noun. bèf = cow bèf yo = (the) cows Possession Kreyol doesn't use 's to show possession, nor does it use "of". To expression possession or "of the", you place the thing possessed in front of the possessor. kay Jan. Jean's house. chen moun nan. the man's dog. / the dog of the man Pronouns The personal pronouns in Creole are as follows:

I - mwen/mon you(singular) ou he/she/it - i or li we - nou you(plural) - ou they - yo

Possessive pronouns are the same as personal pronouns except he/she/it follows the noun (e.g. liv mwen).


The possessive pronoun for he/she/it is 'li' and its contracted form is y or'l' which follows nouns ending in a vowel (e.g. liv li, lavi'l, lavi'y). In the case of 'ou' (you) the possessive pronoun is contracted when it follows a noun ending in a vowel (e.g. manman'w). When the pronoun precedes a verb, it is the subject. When it follows a verb, it is the direct object. When two pronouns follow a verb, the first is the indirect object and the second is the direct object. When the pronoun is placed after a noun, it is the possessive adjective. For the subject of a verb, you usually use the abbreviated form. For the subject of an adjective or linking verb, use the full form. For the object of the verb, place the full form after the verb (except for mwen which is at times abbreviated ) Impersonal Pronoun In saying where the word IT does not refer to a person, place, or thing, you use LI.

Li fè lapli. It is raining.

Compound Pronouns To make constructions such as I myself, you would


add menm after the pronoun; mwen menm. If myself, yourself, etc. are used after a preposition, you use tèt instead of menm.

Mwen menm, mwen pa kwe li.= I, myself, don't believe it. Mwen gen yon kado pou tèt mwen.= I have a gift for myself. Identifying Pronouns Use tèl for such and menm for very/same.

Kreyol English

yon tèl moun such a person

menm bagay very/same thing

Indefinite Pronouns

Kreyol English

anpil many, much

tout all, everyone


plizyè several, many

kèk a few, some

enpe a little, few

ase enough

sèlman only

okenn no (one)

nenpòt any (one)

pèsonn nobody

chak each (one)

sèl only one

youn one

Kreyol English

anyen nothing

okenn moun nobody

nenpòt kimoun anyone


youn moun someone

okenn bagay nothing

okenn moun no one

Relative Pronoun The relative pronoun (who, which, that) is ki. Gender In Creole there are two genders, male and female, which may be applied to nouns when denoting sex. The distinction of sex may be shown by: Different words: konpè/makoumè godfather/godmother kòk/poul cock/hen frè/sè brother/sister mari/madan'm or husband/wife


By use of compound words: mal kabrit/femel kabrit he goat/she goat Note: When showing a female has had young, manman is used instead of femèl, especially when the feminine has no clear form: yon manman bèf a mother cow Gender may also be shown by derivation: kouzen/kouzi'n male cousin/female cousin nèg/nègès negro/negress


Articles: Definite Article: Creole has a definite article 'la' with a contracted form 'a'. The contracted form is used with nouns ending in a vowel. The definite article, which is translated as the English 'the' and hyphenated, follows the noun e.g. I ap lavè asyèt-la. = He is washing the plate. Timou n nan a ap dòmi. = The child is sleeping. However, the English definite article 'the' is not always translated by Creole 'la' e.g. often it is put after the word instead of before. Sòlèy kouchè. The sun has set. Or soley la couche. The sun has set. La is placed for the. You may have noticed that the phrase is not always followed by -la. The definite article changes slightly in singular depending on what letter precedes it. 1. after any consonant except n or m consonant add -la lèt = letter youn lèt = a letter lèt la = the letter lèt yo = the letters 2. after words ending in m, nm, nn, gn, ng la becomes nan chanm = room youn chanm = a room chanm nan = the room chanm yo = the rooms


3. after vowels la becomes a ri = street youn ri = a street ri a = the street ri yo = the streets 4. after words ending in -n la becomes an chen = dog youn chen = a dog chen an = the dog chen yo = the dogs When referring to a previously mentioned noun, you must use la. Ou pran ri a. = You take the steet. M pran ri la? = I take the street? Indefinite Article: The indefinite article (A,AN) is yon or youn and they are placed before the noun. Youn is used with one syllable words which end in oun themselves. Otherwise, use yon. The plural version (SOME) is kèk. Genyen on larivyè bo kay-la. There is a river close to the house examples...

yon chen a dog

kèk chen some dogs

yon ri a street

kèk ri some streets


youn moun a man

kèk moun some men

Adjectives Adjectives require no verb and are translated as "to be..." malad = sick M malad. = I am sick. Nou malad. = We are sick. Comparison

Use tro for too (much). For the comparative (more) place pi/plis in front of the adjective. For the superlative (most) place anpil after the adjective. For emphasis (very) place anpil anpilafter the adjective. Li gran = He is big. Li pi bon = He is bigger. Li bon anpil.= He is biggest.

Li bon anpil anpil.=He is very big.

more..... than pi .... pase

less .... than mwen ... pase

as.....as Tankou

not as.... as pa... tankou


Li pi vye pase frè li. = He is older than his brother. Li mwen bèl pase se li. = He is less pretty than his sister. Li brav tankou youn chat = He's as brave as a cat.

Verbs The base verb is used as infinitive, as imperative, as simple present and simple past with time being learned from context. Other tenses are made by adding verbal particles. To Be The linking verbs se / ye connects two nouns in a "to be" statement. Se is not needed if there is a noun and an adjective. Ye is used for emphasis.

Verb Conjugation

Infinitive

Pale to speak

Imperative

Pale! Annou pale! Kitè m pale.

Speak! Let's speak! Let me speak.

Present

m pale I speak nou pale we speak

ou pale you speak


li pale he speaks yo pale they speak

Present Progressive

m ap pale I am speaking nou ap pale we are speaking

w ap pale you are speaking

l ap pale he is speaking y ap pale they are speaking

Past

m pale I spoke nou pale we spoke

ou pale you spoke

li pale he spoke yo pale they spoke

Past

Progressive

mwen tap pale

I was speaking nou tap pale we were speaking

ou tap pale you were speaking

li tap pale he was speaking

yo tap pale they were speaking

Future

m a pale I will speak nou a pale we will speak

w a pale you will speak

l a pale he will speak y a pale they will speak


Future with ale

m pral pale I am going to speak

nou pral pale we are going to speak

ou pral pale you are going to speak

li pral pale he is going to speak

yo pral pale they are going to speak

Perfect

m te pale I have spoken nou te pale we have spoken

ou te pale you have spoken

li te pale he has spoken yo te pale they have spoken

Conditional

mwen ta pale I would speak nou ta pale we would speak

ou ta pale you would speak

li ta pale he would speak

yo ta pale they would speak

Past

Conditional

mwen ta ka pale

I would be able to speak

nou ta ka pale

we would be able to would speak


ou ta ka pale you would be able to speak

li ta ka pale he would be able to speak

yo ta ka pale they would be able to speak

Conditional

Plurperfect

mwen te ka pale

I would have been able to speak

nou te ka pale

we would have been able to would speak

ou te ka pale you would have been able to speak

li te ka pale he would have been able to speak

yo te ka pale they would have been able to speak

Imperfect

m kon pale I used to speak I was speaking

nou kon pale

we used to speak we were speaking

ou kon pale

you used to speak you were speaking

Li kon pale

he used to speak he was speaking

yo kon pale

they used to speak they were speaking


Adverbs

Generally, in Kreyol, to make an adverb you would use avèk/ak(with) with the noun form of the adjective. For example, for faithfully you would use with faith: avèk/ak fidelite. M a voye w youn mesaj ak lespwa ke ou resevwa l. =I will send you a message. Hopefully, you will receive it. You can also make adverbs from adjectives, by adding -man (like the English -ly) to the adjective. ra = rare raman = rarely konplèt = whole konplètman = wholly Special Adverbs

Men means "Here is/are". Men yo = Here they are. Men yon chemiz m achte pou ou.= here is a shirt I bought for you. Men matant ou ap vini. = Here comes your aunt. Genyen means "There is/are". It is usually shortened to gen except when the last word in the sentence. Gen dlo nan canari-a. = There is water in the jar. Gen mango nan panye-a. = There are mangoes in the basket.

Kreyol English


alè on time

anlè above, up above

atè on the ground

byen well, quite, really

kan when (French)

kòm as

lè when

mal bad

pandan during, while

sèlman only

senpleman merely, simply

sètèman surely

tankou as

tou already, altogether

trè very

Prepositions Below are lists of some of the common prepositions in Kreyol. Prepositions of Time

Kreyol English


a at, by, on, in

apre after

avan/anvan before

bò at, by, on, in

dè as early as, from… on

depi since (time), during, for (time), from

jouk til, until, up to, as far as

juiska til, until, up to, as far as

jus til, until, up to, as far as

pandan during, for (time)

vè about, around

Prepositions of Place

Kreyol English

an / nan on, on the top of, over, above

an dedan inside, within

anba under, beneath, below

andann inside, within

anfas opposite, in front of

antravè across

bò close to , near by, beside

devan before, compared with

dèyè behind, after

deyò outside


kote/ bò kote beside, next to, toward

ladan in, inside, from , of

lwen far from

nan into, under, within, through, from, off, out of

pami among, amid

pre close to , near by

sou on, over, above, about, by, from, upon, toward, under, in

toutotou round, about, all around

vizavi opposite, in front of

Prepositions of Manner/Cause

Kreyol English

avèk/avè/ak with

deyò behind, after

eksepte except

grasa ****

kont against

malgre although, dispite

men/me but

pami among


poutèt perhaps

san without

sòf save, except

Coordinating Conjunctions

Kreyol English

avèk/ak and

donk so, then

epi and, then

konsa so, then, as soon as, as

men but

ni..ni both.. and, neither… nor

non sèlman.. men not only… but

omwen atleast

osi therefore, so

oubyen or

oubyen…oubyen either… or

pa sèlman, men ankò not only… but also

pase for, since

tou therefore, so

Subordinating Conjunctions

Kreyol English


amwens unless

apre after

avan/anvan before

depi since (time), provided

jan as, how, so, so much

jan..konsa as… so

jouk/jis till, until

kan when

kòm as

kòmsi as if, as though

kou/kon as, when

lè when

malgre although

menmsi even if

pandan while

pase for, instead of

pase pou instead of

paske because

pou so that, in order to

poutèt because

san without


si if, whether

sòf si unless

tankou as

Interjections

Kreyol English

alo hello

anmwe help

banm zòrèy shut up

kisa what

lapè peace

no no

o oh

pe la quiet

silans quiet

way good grief

Types of Sentences. A. To be sentences with a noun and verbal adjective. Mwen las. = I am tired. Yo nan marchè. = They are at the market. In this sentence, you may still use the verb particles even though the verb is understood (or missing).


In interrogative sentences, add yè to the end. Kikote yo ye? = Where are they? B. To be sentences with se. Use se if 1. predicate is a noun (it is a ...) John se youn jadinye. = John is a gardener. 2. subject is sa (that) Sa se bon. = That is good. 3. predicate is non-inherent adjective/noun 4. emphatic statements with ye Se ayisyen m ye = I am haitian move predicate to second position with subject in third and add ye C. To be sentence without the subject noun. Se youn machin. = It's a car. D. Transitive sentences. These follow the "subject - verb - indirect object - direct object" format. Ou a wè youn gro bato. = You will see a big boat. Yo te ban m anpil lajan. = They gave me a lot of money. Li montre timoun yo liv la. = He showed the children the book.( or the book to the children). Li montre yo liv la.= He showed them the book. Li montre yo li. = He showed it to them. E. Transitive/ Intransitive sentence.


Contains a noun phrase subject, a predicate containing an intransitive verb, and, sometimes, one or more adverbials. Li vini jodi a. = He came today. Anita ap desann Pòtoprens. = Anita is going down to Port-au-Prince. For emphasis 1. repeat phrase 2. ala + predicate, subject + predicate 3. se + predicate, subject + predicate For To (..Do) Phrases Use pou, for. M gen tan pou fè bagay la. I have time to do this thing. (pou = for to...) Necessity Use pou or fo. pou, should Kikote li ale? = Where did he go? Kikote pou li ale? =Where should he go? fò, should/must place fò at beginning of sentence Fò ou ale. = You have to go. Relative Sentences. For (that) relative make two sentences or add ke between the sentences Li di l ke l prale. = He told him that he's going.


For the meaning "that which"or "what", you the same format and sa in place of ke Li di l sak l konnen. = He said what he knows If/Then Statements In if/then statements the if part uses te the then part uses ta Si mwen te konnen sa, mwen pa ta fè l. = If I had known that, I would not have done it. Recently Completed Action fek, just M fek manje=I have just eaten Habitual or Reoccuring Action konn, know Lapli konn tonbe. = It usually starts rainig. Le samdi li te konn manje nan restoran. = On Saturday, he used to eat in a restaurant. Ability Use kapab or kap (to be able) Preference Use pito. M pito dlo. = I prefer water. Temporal subordination Le w a vini, m av ap travay. = When you come, I'll be working. Pandan ou te dòmi, m te travay.= While you slept, I worked.


Negative To make a statement negative place pa before the verb.

pa not

pa janm never

pa ____ anyen not ____ anything (nothing)

pa ____ pèsonn not ____ anybody (nobody)

pèkè not yet ( doesn't use pa)

M wè youn moun. = I see a man. M pa wè youn moun. = I don't see a man. M pa janm wè moun yo. = I never see men. M pa wè anyen.= I don't see anything. M pa wè pèsonn. = I don't see anyone. M pèkè wè youn moun. = I don't see a man yet. Questions? To make a question without the use of question words, place apa (aren't/ isn't) eske (is it that) before statement makes a question. Ou rele Paul. = Your name is Paul. Apa ou rele Pal? = Is your name Paul? Eske ou rele Pal? = Is your name Paul? Here are the question words.

kimoun Who

kikote where


kilè when

kisa what

kijan how

kilès which, who

kidonk whence

kibè where

sa, sak what


CREOLE - ENGLISH * * * * * * * * * * *

Bonjou! - Good morning! Bonswa! - Good afternoon!/Evening! (used after 11 AM) Komon ou ye? - How are you? N'ap boule! (most common greeting and response) - Good! Wi - Yes yo - they, them Non - No Mesi - Thanks Anmwe! - Help! Non, mesi - No, thanks Souple - Please Merite - You're welcome Pa gen pwoblem - No problem Oke - OK Eskize mwen - Excuse me Mwen regret sa - I'm sorry Gen... - There is/are... Pa genyen! - There is/are not any! Mwen pa genyen! - I don't have any! Sekonsa! - That's right! Piti piti - A little bit Anpil - A lot Gen anpil... - There are a lot of... Isit - Here La - There Tout bagay anfom? - Is everything OK? Pa kounye-a - Not now Toupatou - Everywhere Anyen - Nothing


Preske - Almost Atansyon! - Attention!/Watch out! Prese prese! - Hurry! Dife! - Fire! Rete! - Stop! Kounye-a - Now Nou ap chache... - We are looking for... Souple, ban mwen... - Please give me... Separe sa ant nou - Divide this among you Aswe a - This evening Ou byen? - You OK? Mwen grangou - I'm hungry Mwen swaf anpil - I'm very thirsty Nou ta vle manje - We would like to eat Konben - How much?/How many? Poukisa? - Why? Kote? - Where? Kisa? - What? Kile? - When? Ki moun? - Who? Kijan? - How? Kiles? - Which? Eske gen...? - Is/Are there...? Eske ou gen...? - Do you have...? Kote nou ka achte...? - Where can we buy...? Eske ou ka di mwen...? - Can you tell me...? montre - show ban - give Ki moun ki Ia? - Who is there? Kisa ou vIe? - What do you want? Kisa ou ta vIa? - What would you like?


Kisa ou ap fe Ia? - What are you doing there? Kisa sa a ye? - What is that? Eske ou te we...? - Have you seen...? Eske ou pale angle/franse? - Do you speak English/French? Ki moun isit ki pale angle? - Who speaks English here? Ou konprann? - You understand? Kij an yo rele sa an kreyol? - What do they call that inCreole? Kij an yo di...an kreyol? - How do they say... in Creole? Kisa ou bezwen? - What do you need? Kisa ki rive ou? - What happened to you? Ki kote li ale? - Where did he go? Kilaj ou? - How old are you? Kote ou rete? - Where do you live? Eske ou gen petit? - Do you have any children? Kote nou ye? - Where are we? genyen - to have chita - to sit manje - to eat rete - to stop kouri - to run kouche - to lie down vini - to come ale/prale - to go ban - to give rete trankil - to be quiet pran - to get, receive leve - to get up sede - to give up touye - to kill frape - to hit


kache - to hide konnen - to know manti - to lie (not truth) gade - to look koupe - to cut kwit-manje, fe-manje - to cook fimen - to smoke atake - to attack ban pemi - to authorize kri - to shout, yell, scream achte - to buy fe-apel - to call, name netwaye - to clean femen - to close fose - to coerce, force fini - to finish obeyi - to obey fe - konfyans - to trust console - to comfort pati - to leave, depart mouri - to die fe-desen - to draw, sketch bwe - to drink tonbe - to drop, fall mete abo - embark, load, board atoure - to surround ranfose - to enforce ou - you, your mwen - I, me, my, mine nou - us, our, you (plural) Ii - him, her, his, hers at all - du tou


in the afternoon - d laprèmidi this afternoon - sètaprèmidi a bunch - pann a lot - yon dividal Vowels

Haitian Creole has ten vowels and three semi-vowels. The following list contains a phonemic description and examples in Creole and English where appropriate. In the recent standardization of Creole orthography, great effort was made to make the sound-symbol correspondence consistent for ease in the acquisition of literacy skills. In other words, each sound is consistently represented by the same written symbol (i.e., letter or group of letters). The written equivalent for each sound is noted in bold letters.

Consonants

There are seventeen consonant sounds in Haitian Creole. For many of the sounds described there may be variants. Common variants are marked (*).

HC English / p / pè (father) pen / b / tab (table) bowl / f / fi (daughter) five / v/ vwa (voice) vet / m / moun (someone) mat / t / tab (table) toast / d / dlo (water) date / s / soley (sun) soul / z / zo (bone) zipper / n /* nò (north) now


/ l / lènn (wool) life / r /* mari (husband) rat / j /* janm (never) agile /s/ chèn (dog) Chicago / k / lakay (home) cat / g / gras (thanks) gargoyle / h /* hadi hand

*/n/ in final position often nasalizes the preceding vowel. */r/ in Haitian Creole is not pronounced like English /r/ at all. Before rounded vowels it is pronounced [w] and is written that way, e.g., wouj 'red'. In other cases it is pronounced as a velar[F]. */æ/ is sometimes pronounced like the French /z/. */h/ exists only in the Creole spoken in southern Haiti; otherwise it is not a part of the phonological system.

Basic Grammatical Structures (Syntax)

It is neither possible nor desirable to describe all the grammatical structures of Haitian Creole here. Therefore, we have chosen to explain a few basics and to illustrate their divergence from French and English.

Word Order

Word Order in Haitian Creole, like English, generally follows the Subject-Verb-Object pattern. This order is evident in affirmative and negative sentences as well as in questions (i.e., interrogatives).


Jan

pran

pòtre.

John takes pictures.

S V O S V O Jan pa pran pòtre. John doesn't take pictures. S neg V O S neg V O Eske Jan (pa) pran pòtre? Does (n't) John take pictures? ? S (neg) V O ? (neg) S V O

Nouns

Nouns in Haitian Creole, unlike those in French, are not marked for gender or number. In other words, there is no grammatical distinction, such as le soleil ('the sun', masculine) vs. la lune ('the moon', feminine), which occurs in French. There is also no plural -s ending, which occurs in both French and English. Haitian Creole expresses the concepts of gender and plural by using specific words. For example:

frè (brother) vs. sè (sister)

kek liv (some books)

Pronouns

The system of pronouns in Haitian Creole is quite simple in comparison with French and English. There is only a single form that is used for subject, object, and possessive. The pronouns, however, may occur in a full or contracted form.

Full Contracted mwen m I, me, my ou w you, your li l he, him, his, she, her, it, its nou n we, us, our, you, your

(pl.) yo y* they, them, their


M achte anpil

liv. I bought many books.

Jina rèlè m. Gina called me. Papa m chita

kote li. My father is sitting next to

him/her/it. *This contraction rarely

occurs in written form.

Articles

Haitian Creole has both definite and indefinite articles, as do French and English. However, there are some differences in placement, form, and usage. The definite article has both a singular and a plural form, and always follows the noun. Because the singular definite article is phonologically determined by the sound of the preceding element, it exhibits a variety of forms.

tab la the table mont lan the watch kay la the house vant lan the belly dam nan the lady radyo a the radio timoun nan the child biwo a the desk ban an the bench kamyon an the truck The plural definite article has one invariant form: yo. tab yo the tables The indefinite article yon always precedes the noun. An alternate form on is often used more informally. yon (on) mont

a watch yon (on) tab a table

Verbs


The verb system in Haitian Creole is quite different from those in French and English. There is no subject-verb agreement, and there are no verb tenses per se. Instead, Haitian Creole uses a system of markers or short particles, which precede the verb, to indicate tense. For example, the particle te indicates past tense, ap indicates progressive, and pral(e) indicates future. The verb with no marker may indicate simple present tense or immediate past tense. Some examples follow.

Jan ranmase liv yo. John collects the books. Jan ak Gabi ranmase

liv yo. John and Gaby collect

books. Li te marye mwa pase. She got married last month. Jina ap monte bisiklèt. Gina is riding a bicycle. Janin ak Silvya pral

chante pita. Janine and Sylvia are going

to sing later.


Abnormal Different from what is usual, natural, or average. Not normal.

Abscess A sac of pus caused by an infection. For example, a boil.

Acid A strong liquid that is produced from certain foods left in the mouth. Acid causes both tooth decay and gum disease.

Acute Sudden and short-lived. An acute illness is one that starts suddenly and lasts a short time. The opposite of 'chronic'.

Adrenaline Also called epinephrine. A drug which stimulates the heart, used for severe allergic shock.

Adult teethAdilt dan See Permanent teeth. Gade nan dan permanan.

Allergy A bad reaction after breathing in, eating, touching, or being injected with something. The reaction may be itching, sneezing, or difficult breathing.

Amalgam A special metal used in permanent fillings.//A silver/mercury mixture which is used for fillings. // A dental filling material, composed of mercury and other minerals, used to fill decayed


teeth.// A type of tooth filling made of silver and mercury. The metalic mixture is initially soft so that it can be molded to fit the tooth and gradually hardens. See alternatives: Gold, composites and porcelain.// Silver filling. Amalgams are usually placed on the back teeth (posterior teeth).

AnalgesicAnaljezik Medicine to calm pain. Aspirin, acetaminophen (paracetamol), and codeine all are analgesics. Se kalite medikaman ki bon pou kalme doulè.

AnemiaAnemi A disease in which the blood gets thin. Signs include tiredness, pale skin, and lack of energy. Se you kalite maladi ki fè san moun vin dlo. Lè konsa, moun lan fatige fasil, po l blèm, li pa gen fòs pou I fè anyen. Lè se vitamin B12 kò a manke. moun nan gen yon kalite anemi ki grav anpil, men sa pa rive souvan.

Anesthetic A drug that causes the mouth or other part of the body to feel numb.//A drug which a doctor or dentist uses to put you, your mouth, or some other part of your body asleep so you do not feel any pain during dental or medical procedures. // A class of drugs that eliminates or reduces pain.

AntibioticAntibyotik Medicine that fights infections caused by bacteria. A broad-spectrum antibiotic such as tetracycline kills many kinds of


bacteria, while a narrow-spectrum antibiotic like penicillin kills only a few kinds of bacteria. Se kalite medikaman ki kraze enfeksyon ki soti nan mikwòb (bakteri). Gen de kalite antibyotik: gen yon kalite ki aji sou anpil mikwòb anmenmtan. Lèfini gen yon kalite ki aji sou yon sèl kalite mikwòb ase.

Appropriate Something that is the easiest, safest, and most likely to work in a particular situation or condition.

Arkansas stone A special stone used to sharpen dental instruments.

Aspirate To breathe. An 'aspirating syringe' is one that can 'breathe', or allow liquid to go both in and out of the needle tip.

english / creole kreyòl / angle medical phrasebook · 2014. 1. 13. · english / creole phrasebook...

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