engleski jezik poslovni 1 prirucnik

Ivana Petrović

ENGLISH LANGUAGE IADDITIONAL MATERIAL & TESTS

Belgrade, 2009

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Priručnik „English language I“ je napisan, prevashodno, kao dodatni materijal

namenjen studentima Fakulteta za menadžment nekretnina i Fakulteta za preduzetnički

biznis, Univerziteta „UNION“ u Beogradu na predmetu Engleski jezik I, ali ga, zbog

svog sadržaja, mogu koristiti svi oni koji žele da unaprede svoje znanje poslovnog

engleskog jezika. Materijal prati teme i gramatičke partije predstavljene u prvom delu

knjige Cotton, D. »Market Leader – Intermediate Business English« course book,

Pearson Education Ltd, 2000 koju studenti pomenutih fakulteta obrađuju na

predavanjima i vežbama iz predmeta Engleski jezik I. Teme i gramatičke partije su

pročišćene i obogaćene dodatnim vežbanjima kako bi se studentima olakšala priprema

kolokvijuma i završnog ispita iz predmeta Engleski jezik I.

Materijal se sastoji iz leksičkog i gramatičkog dela, i gradiran je po nivoima znanja u

cilju pomoći studentima da lakše usvoje predviđeni program. Takođe, Priručnik sadrži i

primere rešenih leksičkih i gramatičkih kolokvijuma, kao i pismenih ispita iz predmeta

Engleski jezik 1 iz nekih ranijih ispitnih rokova kako bi studenti lakše sagledali šta ih na

testovima i ispitu očekuje, te da bi se za iste lakše pripremili.

Autorka poziva studente da daju svoje ideje i sugestije u vezi sa ovim gradivom, kako bi

neka sledeća izdanja Priručnika bila od veće koristi na njihovom putu da savladaju

poslovni engleski jezik.

Beograd, septembar 2009.

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UNIT 1 GLOBALISATION

I VOCABULARY

1. Translate the words/phrases:

a) infrastructure __________________________

b) issues _________________________________

c) profitability _____________________________

d) welfare benefits _________________________

e) flight of capital __________________________

f) head-quarters ___________________________

g) acquisition ______________________________

h) joint venture ____________________________

i) consortium ______________________________

j) franchising ______________________________

k) licensing ________________________________

l) local partner _____________________________

m) subsidiary ______________________________

2. Choose 5 words/phrases from the above exercise and make your own sentences:

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

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3. _________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________

3. Give definitions of the following words/phrases:

1. »in-plant« ________________________________________________________

2. global enterprise __________________________________________________

3. to benefit from ____________________________________________________

4. retail chain _______________________________________________________

5. to lose temper _____________________________________________________

6. recruitment company ______________________________________________

7. respondent _______________________________________________________

4. Translate into English:

1. Da li biste želeli da ostavite poruku? __________________________________

2. Mogu li dobiti Vaš broj telefona? _____________________________________

3. Postaraću se da dobije Vašu poruku __________________________________

4. Bojim se da sada nije dostupan ______________________________________

5. Mogu li dobiti odeljenje prodaje, molim? ______________________________

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5. Answer the questions:

1. What do companies do to improve their staff's telephone answering techniques?2. Why do you loose temper on the telephone?3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones?4. Why are people more likely to express anger over the phone, rather than in face-to-face

communication?5. What type of communication do you prefer and why?

II GRAMMAR

KOMPARATIVI I SUPERLATIVI (POREĐENJE PRIDEVA)

COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES (COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES)

U engleskom jeziku postoje tri stepena poređenja:

1) pozitiv - dark beautiful

2) komparativ – darker more beautiful

3) superlativ – the darkest the most beautiful

Iz samih ovih primera se može izvesti zaključak na koji način se komparativ i superlativ

grade. Naime, kratki pridevi (jednosložni) grade komparativ dodavanjem sufiksa –ER, a

superlativ dodavanjem sufiksa –EST na pozitiv prideva. Dugi (sa tri i više sloga) grade

komparativ dodavanjem prefiksa MORE, a superlativ dodavanjem prefiksa THE MOST

ispred pozitiva prideva. Postavlja se pitanje šta raditi sa pridevima „srednje“ dužine,

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tačnije onima koji imaju tačno 2 sloga. U tom slučaju, oni se ponašaju kao jednosložni

ukoliko se završavaju na –ER, -Y ili –LY (pretty-prettier-prettiest, holy-holier-holiest,

clever-cleverer-cleverest), a ukoliko se završavaju na –FUL, -LE ili –ER kao višesložni

(doubtful-more doubtful-the most doubtful, obscure-more obscure-the most obscure,

hostile-more hostile-the most hostile).

S obzirom da je kod komparacije prideva prisutno poredjenje dve ili više stvari, uz

komparative koristimo i reč THAN (u značenju „nego“, „od“)

You are OLDER THAN my brother.

Uz superlative, kao najviši stepen poredjenja, često koristimo predlog OF:

She is THE MOST BEAUTIFUL OF all the girls in her school.

Posebnu grupu čine oni pridevi koji imaju nepravilnu komparaciju, tj. nemaju pomenute

nastavke. Najvažniji su sledeći:

good better the best

bad worse the worst

little less the least

much more the most

many more the most

far further the furthest

far farther the farthest

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Ukoliko želimo da uporedimo dve stvari koje su podjednakog kvaliteta upotrebićemo isti

stepen poredjenja koristeći frazu AS......AS ili NOT AS.....AS.

My car is AS FAST AS your car. Moj auto je podjednako brz kao i tvoj.

He is NOT AS GOOD AS you. On nije tako dobar kao ti.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES (COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES):

1. Make comparatives:

a) Employees earn __________ money than their managers. (much)

b) My father is ____________than my mother. (tall)

c) Some children are ________________ than the others. (happy)

d) My house is _________________ than yours. (small)

e) The book is _________________________ than the film. (interesting)

f) This is ____________________ than ever. (bad)

g) Your school is __________________than mine. (far)

h) I’ve collected _______________ stamps than you. (many)

i) BMW is _______________________than Skoda. (expensive)

j) We’ll employ Mr. Smith. He is _______________________ than Mr. Jones.

(experienced)

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2. Make superlatives:

a) She is ___________________ child in the neighbourhood. (polite)

b) Her flat is ______________________ in our building. (big)

c) I love this room. It has ____________________________ view. (beautiful)

d) That was _______________________ book I've ever read. (bad)

e) The hotel was __________________________ from the city centre. (far)

f) It is ________________________ place on the Earth. (cold)

g) Belgrade is ____________________________of all the towns in Serbia. (big)

h) This spider is ________________________of all of its kind. (dangerous)

i) Excercise A is ______________________ in the book. (difficult)

3. Use the phrase AS...AS or NOT AS....AS:

a) You are very clever, just like your sister. ________________________________

b) It was less hard than we had thought. ___________________________________

c) The book is interesting, just like the film. ________________________________

d) We are also hungry, like everybody else. ________________________________

e) It is not so cold today, as it was yesterday. _______________________________

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UNIT 2 BRANDS

I VOCABULARY


a) brand loyalty __________________________

b) to enhance brand awareness _________________________________

c) counterfeiter _____________________________

d) licensing rights _________________________

e) copyright abuse __________________________

f) to rip off ___________________________

g) fake ______________________________

h) merchandise ____________________________

i) corporate strategy ______________________________

j) to damage brand image ______________________________

k) to launch a product ________________________________

l) luxury brand _____________________________

m) market share ______________________________

n) target customers ____________________________


1. _______________________________________________________________

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2. _______________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________


a) sales increase steadily ______________________________________________

b) to flood the market ________________________________________________

c) the goods were impounded by the police _______________________________

d) to uncover copyright abuse __________________________________________

e) to link the brand to poor quality merchandise

__________________________________________________________________


a) Mislim da bi trebalo da podignemo nivo svesti o našem brendu

_____________________________________________________________________

b) Bojim se da se ne slažem sa tim. _______________________________________

c) Po mom mišljenju, ljudima se naš brend dopada.

__________________________________________________________________

d) Mogu li nešto da kažem? _____________________________________________

e) Potpuno se slažem. __________________________________________________

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a) What are the main characteristics of branded goods?

b) What is your attitude towards fake merchandise?

c) How can a company fight against copyright abuse?

d) How loyal are you to the brands you buy?

e) Why are brands important?

II GRAMMAR

PAST SIMPLE TENSE/PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

(RAZLIKA U UPOTREBI POMENUTA DVA VREMENA)

Za govornike srpskog jezika, razlika izmedju vremena Simple Past Tense (trajnog

prošlog vremena) i Present Perfect Tense (koje predstavlja jedno od sadašnjih vremena u

engleskom jeziku) može predstavljati veliki problem, s obzirom da se oba na srpski jezik

prevode prošlim vremenom, tj. Present Perfect Tense u našem jeziku ne postoji.

Postavlja se pitanje kako onda prevesti sa srpskog na engleski jezik rečenicu koja je na

srpskom jeziku u prošlom vremenu? Odgovor ćemo dobiti ako se zapitamo da li je iz

rečenice jasno kada se radnja dogodila, tj. da li je ta prošlost vremenski odredjena. Npr. iz

rečenice „Kupio sam novi auto“ ne vidi se kada se to desilo. Samim tim, govornik

smatra da je ta informacija nepotrebna u datom trenutku i praktično više želi da se

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pohvali da je do pomenute radnje došlo nego da je stavi u odredjeni vremenski trenutak.

Zbog toga ćemo tu rečenicu (iako je na srpskom jeziku izgovorena u prošlom vremenu)

prevesti sadašnjim vremenom i upotrebiti Present Perfect Tense, pa će ona glasiti “I have

bought a new car”. Ukoliko, pak, govornik navede vreme kupovine auta i kaže, recimo,

„Kupio sam novi auto pre dve nedelje“, sama upotreba ove prošle vremenske odrednice

ukazuje nam da rečenicu moramo prevesti trajnim prošlim vremenom, tj. upotrebićemo

Simple Past Tense i onda će prevod glasiti “I bought a new car two weeks ago”.

Da sumiramo, Present Perfect Tense je sadašnje vreme i kao takvo spaja prošlost sa

sadašnjim trenutkom, tj. posledicom neke završene radnje koju imamo u sadašnjosti

(govornik ima nova kola SADA – iako ih je kupio u nekoj vremenski nedefinisanoj

prošlosti). Ono se koristi i da saopštimo neko svoje iskustvo, javimo neku vest ili se

pohvalimo nečim što smo dobili/uradili, kao što je to slučaj u rečenicama:

My sister has worked for this company for 10 years!

She has got a baby!

I have been to London.

Simple Past Tense je prošlo vreme kojim se opisuje radnja koja je završena u nekoj

vremenski odredjenoj prošlosti. Zbog toga u rečenici mora postojati vremenska odrednica

koja nam ukazuje kada se tačno radnja dogodila ili ukoliko je nema, sagovornik mora biti

potpuno siguran u to kada se desila, kao što je to slučaj u rečenicama:

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I visited my parents yesterday.

She left Belgrade 2 months ago.

Last summer, we were in Greece.

I liked mathematics when I was at school.

U odabiru vremena nam mnogo mogu pomoći i tzv. prilozi za vreme. Za Simple Past

Tense oni nam jasno pokazuju da je do radnje došlo u prošlosti, tako da su nam pouzdan

pokazatelj prilikom odlučivanja oko toga koje vreme treba upotrebiti i to su

YESTERDAY, LAST, AGO, IN 1999, WHEN I WAS A CHILD... Medjutim, oni koji

se tiču Present Perfect Tense-a, obično su karakteristični za sva perfektna vremena i

najpoznatiji su: EVER, NEVER, SINCE, FOR, ALREADY, YET, RECENTLY,

LATELY...

GRAMMAR EXERCISES (DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PAST SIMPLE TENSE

AND PRESENT PERFECT TENSE):

1. Put Present Perfect Tense or Past Simple Tense where necessary:

a) I ____________________(not see) him for a long time.

b) He ___________________(not be) here since Christmas.

c) What ________ you ________(have) for breakfast today?

d) Last year, they _____________ (spend) their summer holiday in Turkey.

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e) I ____________ (study) French when I was in school, but I

____________________(forget) most of it.

f) She ____________________(not find) a husband and she is 40!

g) How long ________ you _____________ (learn) English?

h) They ______________(move) to New York ten years ago.

i) __________ you __________ (been) to London? Yes, I __________(be) there

last year.

j) She _______________(look) well, when I ____________(meet) her last time.

k) _____________you already ________________(book) the flight?

l) _________you __________(hear) that Mr. Jones _______________(leave) last

week? __________anyone___________(be) appointed to take his place?

- I believe several men ___________________(applied) for the job, but so far

nothing ____________________(decide).

m) My brother ___________________(live) in Moscow for 10 years.

n) I _____________________(intend) to call on you yesterday.

o) How long ______________they ________________(live) at their present

address?

p) My parents ______________________(live) in Nis since 1975. They

________________(live) in Novi Sad from 1960 to 1975.

q) He _______________________(help) me last time.

r) I ____________________________(work) in this company since 1999.

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UNIT 3 TRAVEL

I VOCABULARY


a) jet lag __________________________

b) overbooking _________________________________

c) queue _____________________________

d) trolley _________________________

e) cancellation __________________________

f) hand luggage ___________________________

g) leaflet ______________________________

h) questionnaire ____________________________

i) accommodation ______________________________

j) economy/business class ______________________________

k) special offer ________________________________

l) prize draw _____________________________

m) voucher ______________________________

n) feedback ____________________________

o) misbehaviour ______________________________

p) runway ______________________________

q) cabin crew _______________________________

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1. ____________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________

3.Give definitions of the following words/phrases:

a) Fill in the enclosed questionnaire ________________________________

b) Attached leaflet ______________________________________________

c) Verbal/physical assault ______________________________________

d) Long queues at check-in _______________________________________

e) Extensive network of major destinations

___________________________________________________________


a) Da li bismo mogli da se nadjemo u sredu u 9 sati ujutro?

_______________________________________________________________

b) Da li ste slobodni sledeceg meseca? _______________________________

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c) Žao mi je. Ja već imam zakazano u to vreme

___________________________________________________________

d) Bojim se da neću moći da dodjem u sredu __________________________

e) Možemo li ugovoriti neko drugo vreme?

______________________________________________________________


a) What do you like most about travelling?

b) What do you like least?

c) Can you compare travelling by plane and by bus?

d) What are advantages of travelling by car?

e) What are disadvantages of travelling by plane?

II GRAMMAR

UPOTREBA POMOĆNOG GLAGOLA WILL U ZNAČENJU BUDUĆNOSTI

1) WILL + INFINITIVE – SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

Izražava odluku, predlog, nameru, ponudu, zahtev, prognozu, nadu, obećanje,

planove...

I will stop quarelling and go to sleep.

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You'll regret it.

It will be a nice day tomorrow.

I will bring you that book.

It will take place in October.

Will you do that for me?

Takodje, Future Simple Tense se koristi i kao deo prvog kondicionala:

If I learn English, I will pass the test.

2) WILL + BE + -ING – FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

Izražava nagoveštaj onoga što će se desiti (I'll be studying tomorrow) nasuprot Simple

Future Tense koja izražava jaku nameru, obećanje da će se radnja u budućnosti desiti (I'll

study tomorrow).

Shodno tome, ukoliko kažemo rečenicu u Simple Future Tense – He will not come

tomorrow, to bi značilo da on ne dolazi zbog toga što je to odbio i ne želi. Prikladnije je

reći He will not be coming tomorrow što bi značilo da nije u mogućnosti da dodje.

3) WILL + BE + PAST PARTICIPLE (III kolona nepravilnih glagola ili pravilni glagol

sa nastavkom –ED) – FUTURE PASSIVE

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Ova konstrukcija nije ništa drugo nego pasivni oblik vremena Future Simple Tense i

kao svaki drugi pasiv, sledi formulu to be + past participle. U ovom slučaju, pomoćni

glagol TO BE u budućem vremenu glasi WILL BE.

The goods will be delivered tomorrow.

4) WILL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (Future Perfect Tense) za svršenu radnju

koja će se završiti do nekog trenutka u budućnosti i

WILL + HAVE + BEEN + -ING (Future Continuous Tense) za nesvršenu radnju koja

će u tom trenutku u budućnosti još uvek biti u toku.

By next year, we will have produced 50t of sugar.

By the year 2015, he will be living in this city for 40 years.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES (FORMS OF WILL)

1. He hasn’t finished yet. He __________________________(mend) this car until

midnight!

2. I don’t think so. By midnight, he _______________________(mend) it, for sure!

3. Yes, but by midnight, he ____________________________(mend) it for 10 hours!

4. The most important thing is that tomorrow, the car _________________________

(mend) and that we ________________ (drive) them back home.

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5. I hope they ___________________________(repair) this road by the time we come

back next summer.

6. Teacher: I ______________________(not have) boys here with long hair, so get your

hair cut. If you come here tomorrow with long hair, I

______________________(send) you home. Boy: All right, I ______________(not

come) tomorrow! I __________________(find) a job!

7. I wonder what we ____________________(do) this time next year.

8. I am determined that my son ___________________(have) the best possible

education.

9. I am sorry, but I ______________________(not see) her. She

____________________(leave) by the time I arrive.

10. As soon as the shops open, we _____________________(go out).

11. I’ve fished that river every year for the last fifteen years. Well, nobody

______________________(fish) it next year because the water is polluted and the

fish are dead.

12. By the end of next year, I _______________________(work) for him for 35 years!

13. I _____________________(be) back again at the end of next month.

14. I hope I ______________________(pass) my driving test by then. If I do that, I

__________________(pick) you up at the station.

15. You __________________________(not use) your car when you’re on holiday, will

you? No, but don’t ask me to lend it to you because I ___________________(not do)

it. Not after what happened last time.

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UNIT 4 ADVERTISING

I VOCABULARY


a) eye-catching advertisement __________________________

b) commercials _________________________________

c) exhibition _____________________________

d) free samples _________________________

e) leaflets __________________________

f) prime-time TV slots ___________________________

g) ad(vertisement) ______________________________

h) retail outlets ____________________________

i) target consumers ______________________________

j) to launch a new product ______________________________

k) competitors' products ________________________________

l) point-of-sale _____________________________

m) public transport ______________________________

n) market research ____________________________

o) to persuade consumers ______________________________

p) sponsorship ______________________________

q) to promote new product _______________________________

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1.____________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________


f) To receive admiring glances ___________________________________

g) A multinational advertising ideal _______________________________

h) To appeal to clients __________________________________________

i) Ads created specifically for local markets __________________________

j) To outline the campaign concept ________________________________


a) Želeo bih da vam poželim dobrodošlicu u svoje ime i u ime kompanije.

_______________________________________________________________

b) Govoriću vam o idejama do kojih smo došli za novu kampanju.

____________________________________________________________

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c) Ovo su rezultati istraživanja tržišta.

___________________________________________________________

d) Podelio sam prezentaciju na 4 dela

____________________________________________________________

e) Ukoliko imate nekih pitanja, molim prekinite me bez oklevanja.

______________________________________________________________


a) What types of advertising can you think of?

b) What are advantages and disadvantages of commercials?

c) What do you think of using children in advertisements?

d) What is your favourite advertisement/commercial and why?

e) Should certain advertisements/commercials be banned?

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II GRAMMAR

ČLANOVI

(ARTICLES)

U engleskom jeziku postoje dva člana: neodređeni a/an i određeni the. Postoje

mnogobrojna pravila u vezi sa upotrebom članova, a mi ćemo ovde navesti samo ona

najosnovnija.

NEODREĐENI ČLAN »A/AN« (INDEFINITE ARTICLE »A/AN«)

Neodređeni član se koristi kad prvi put nešto spominjemo, tj. spominjemo informaciju o

kojoj naš sagovornik još ništa ne zna. Stavlja se ispred brojivih imenica i često se koristi

u značenju »jedan«. Zbog toga se u množini ne upotrebljava, već se izostavlja ili se

umesto njega potrebljava reč SOME.

a book (jedna, neka knjiga, bilo koja, sagovornik ne zna tačno na koju mislimo)

Give me a book. Daj mi neku knjigu (bilo koju).

Give me some books. Daj mi neke knjige (bilo koje).

Neodređeni član A dobija oblik AN ukoliko se reč koja mu sledi izgovara na samoglasnik

(a, e, i, o, u)

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an island, an uncle, an egg, ali i an hour (jer se slovo H ne čuje u izgovoru).

Još neke upotrebe neodređenog člana:

Kada se imenica uzima kao predstavnik čitave vrste/klase/roda, a u jednini je

A lion is a wild animal. (lav kao predstavnik čitave svoje vrste...svi lavovi su divlje

životinje)

Kada se imenica nalazi iza glagola TO BE, tj. kad je imenica komplement

She is a student. He wants to be a teacher. You will be an expert.

U frazama poput: a lot of, a great deal of, a couple of, a dozen, a hundred, a

thousand, a million

U distributivnim izrazima: once a week, twice a year, four times a day, 100

miles an hour, half a kilo

U razlomcima: a third, a half, a fifth (u značenju jedan)

Ispred reči FEW i LITTLE u značenju određene, ali dovoljne količine:

I have a few real friends – Imam nekoliko pravih prijatelja (zadovoljan sam

time)

I have a little milk. You don't have to go to the shop. – Imam malo mleka

(dovoljno za ono što mi je potrebno). Ne moraš do prodavnice

Ispred imena ili prezimena ljudi samo u značenju »neki, ne znam koji«:

A Mr. Smith would like to see you, sir. – Neki g. Smit bi želeo da Vas vidi,

gospodine.

U frazi WHAT A....! (za jedninu): What a lie! What a beautiful day!

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(u množini se član izostavlja: What lies! What bauties!)

ODREĐENI ČLAN »THE« (DEFINITE ARTICLE »THE«)

Određeni član THE se koristi ispred imenica sa kojima je sagovornik već upoznat,

odnosno kad oba sagovornika znaju o čemu se radi.

There is a man in the street. The man is wearing a hat.

Postoji još dosta pravila o upotrebi određenog člana, a pomenućemo samo najvažnije:

Za stvari/pojmove koji su jedinstveni: the Earth, the moon, the sky, the

Equator, the Queen, the President...

Ispred imenice koja je bliže određena nekom frazom koja je opisuje pa sagovornik

zna na šta govornik misli: the lady in red, the child with a stick, the place I've

been to, the prince of Wales, the pen that you have in your hand....

Ispred Saksonskog genitiva ('s): the butcher's shop, the father's job...

Ispred poimeničenih prideva (prideva koji se ponašaju kao imenice) koji

označavaju čitavu klasu: the sick (bolesni), the dead (mrtvi), the rich (bogati)...

Ispred naziva novina i časopisa: The Times, The Economist...

Ispred naziva nekih zgrada, hotela, brodova, institucija, bioskopa, lokaliteta...:

The House of Parliament, the Odeon cinema, The Palace Hotel, The Panama

Canal, The Sava Valley...

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Ispred geografskih pojmova koji imaju oblik množine: The Alps, The East

Indies, The United States, The Soviet Union, The Netherlands...

Ispred naziva reka, jezera, mora, okeana, zaliva...: The Danube, The Adriatic,

The Pacific

Ispred naziva nacija u množini: The Serbs, the English, the Chinese

Ispred delova dana: in the morning, in the afternoon

Ispred reči »same«: the same

Ispred rednih brojeva: the first, the second...

Ispred superlativa prideva: the best friend, the most beautiful girl...

Posle reči »half« i »all«: all the people..., half the time...

Ispred prezimena u množini koja označavaju čitavu porodicu: the Simpsons, the

Sopranos...

Ispred delova tela: She was hit in the head (or her head)

IZOSTAVLJANJE ČLANOVA (OMISSION OF THE ARTICLES)

U engleskom jeziku postoje pravila i kada se članovi ne smeju stavljati:

Ispred vlastitih imena (ljudi, gradova, zemalja, kontinenata, parkova, trgova,

ulica...). Izuzetak su pomenuti nazivi koji imaju oblik množine (the Netherlands),

npr. za države koje su federacije (the United States of America), The Hyde Park,

The Hague, the Baker Street...

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Ispred apstraktnih imenica: beauty, music, art...

Ispred gradivnih imenica: wood, glass, milk, sugar...

Ispred naziva obroka: brakfast, lunch, dinner

Ispred superlativa priloga: Most people know that...I like it best.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES (ARTICLES):

Put a/an, the or / into the gaps:

1. They went to ____ party yesterday.

2. _______ ship you were speaking about has just come into ______ port.

3. We had _____ dinner in ______ small restaurant. _______ restaurant was just

perfect.

4. What _______ horrible song!

5. _______ table has four legs.

6. _______ table is laid and _________ breakfast is ready.

7. _______ cat is ________domestic animal.

8. ________ Mr. Smith is looking for you. I don't know who he is.

9. He fell and broke ________ leg.

10. What's ________ weather like today?

11. My friend is ________ very intelligent man.

12. He is ________ Englishman.

13. We have English lessons twice _______ week.

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14. She was teaching at _________Belgrade University.

15. ______airport is closed today.

16. My niece is ________most intelligent girl in _______school.

17. When do you expect _______ Browns?

18. _______curiosity killed _______ cat.

19. There is _______ cloud in _______ sky.

20. He said he was ______employee of _______gas company and had come to read

______meter.

21. _______fog was so thick that we couldn't see _______side of ______road.

22. I think that is quite _______ cheap restaurant.

23. There will always be _______ conflict between ________old and ________young.

24. Mrs. Jovanovic is ________ best teacher in our school.

25. I ate _______ banana for lunch.

26. _______Mr. Jackson is _______ old customer and _______nice man.

27. I am ________ self-employed man.

28. We only have half ________hour to do _______job.

29. _______friend of mine is expecting _______ baby.

30. What ________name to give ________girl!

31. He is _______vegetarian. You won't get ________meat in his house.

32. We had _______fish and ________chips for _______lunch.

33. War criminals are taken to ________Hague in _______Netherlands.

34. Her wedding party will be in _______Palace Hotel.

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UNIT 5 EMPLOYMENT

I VOCABULARY


a) appearance __________________________

b) handwriting _________________________________

c) marital status _____________________________

d) sickness record _________________________

e) maternity leave __________________________

f) sick leave ___________________________

g) recruitment ______________________________

h) a graduate ____________________________

i) easy-going person ______________________________

j) quick-tempered person ______________________________

k) abilities ________________________________

l) low esteem _____________________________

m) skills ______________________________

n) references ____________________________


1. _______________________________________________________________

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2. _______________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________


a) Growing number _________________________________________________

b) Human resources _________________________________________________

c) Unfair dismissal __________________________________________________

d) Professional appearance ____________________________________________

e) Good impression __________________________________________________


1. Hajde da se bacimo na posao. _________________________________________

2. Dozvolite joj da završi. ______________________________________________

3. Možemo li se vratiti na to? ___________________________________________

4. Mislim da ovo moramo još malo prodiskutovati. __________________________

5. Možda bismo mogli da se vratimo na stvar. ______________________________

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a) What are the most important personal characteristics that employers look for in

potential employees?

b) What skills are usually needed when looking for a job?

c) How important is appearance in looking for a job?

d) How important for a company is choosing the best candidate for a job?

e) Which questions are you normally asked during a job interview?

II GRAMMAR

PITANJA U ENGLESKOM JEZIKU (QUESTIONS)

U engleskom jeziku postoje pitanja se mogu podeliti na:

I

1) Da/Ne pitanja (Yes/No questions) koja u srpskom jeziku počinju sa „Da li?“ i na

koja se odgovara sa „Da“ ili „Ne“ (tj. Yes/No). Ona se postavljaju po sledećem modelu:

Pomoćni glagol u odredjenom vremenu u kome je pitanje + subjekat + glavni glagol

33

Npr.

Are you reading this text? - Yes, I am

Will you come home after school? -Yes, I will.

Have you been to New York? - Yes, I have.

Does he like the faculty? - Yes, he does.

Had they bought the tickets before they went to the cinema? - Yes, they had.

2) „WH“ pitanja („WH“ questions) su ona koja počinju nekom od upitnih reči/fraza koje

počinju na „WH“ kao što su WHEN, WHY, WHAT, WHERE, WHICH, pa i HOW. Ova

pitanja se postavljaju po istom modelu kao i Yes/No questions uz dodatak pomenute

upitne reči/fraze ispred, tj.

Upitna reč/fraza + pomoćni glagol u odredjenom vremenu u kome je pitanje +

subjekat + glavni glagol

Npr.

Why are you reading the text?

When will you come home after school?

How does he like the faculty?

Where had they bought the tickets before they went to the cinema?

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II

1) subjekatska koja tragaju za subjektom i počinju sa WHO ili WHAT

Npr.

Who is your father? – Peter is my father (Peter je subjekat u ovoj rečenici) ili

What is the colour of the sky. –Blue is the colour of the sky.

2) objekatska koja tragaju za objektom

He got the job. – What job did he get?

S obzirom da u engleskom jeziku ne postoje padeži, red reči u rečenici/pitanju

je veoma bitan da bismo bili sigurni da će nas sagovornik dobro shvatiti. To

će se najbolje razumeti ako na primeru jedne rečenice napravimo i

subjekatsko i objekatsko pitanje.

Npr.

She interviewed him.

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1) Who interviewed him? (ako želimo da znamo ko ga je

intervjuisao, tj. ako nam treba subjekat ove rečenice) ili

2) Who did she interview? (ako želimo da znamo objekat, tj. koga

je to ona intervjuisala).

Iz ovog primera najbolje vidimo da se „WH“ pitanja prave po modelu koji sam navela u

odeljku I samo ako su objekatska. Subjekatska se prave na lakši način tako što upitne

reči WHO ili WHAT dolaze na mesto subjekta, a red reči u pitanju ostaje isti kao u

potvrdnoj rečenici.

III

1) direktna (koja se takodje prave po pomenutom modelu)

2) indirektna (koja su, zapravo, prepričavanje nekog pitanja, tj. ništa drugo nego

potvrdna rečenica tako da kod njih ne dolazi do inverzije)

Npr.

Direktno pitanje bi bilo Where is the post office? (pitanje pravljeno po modelu i u njemu

IMA inverzije, tj. pomoćni glagol IS dolazi ispred subjekta THE POST OFFICE)

Indirektno pitanje bi glasilo I always forget where the post office is. (ovo pitanje ne

sadrži inverziju, tj. pomoćni glagol IS dolazi iza subjekta THE POST OFFICE).

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Indirektna pitanja često koristimo u poslovnom jeziku, jer su ljubaznija. U tom slučaju,

ona jesu pitanja, ali red reči ostaje kao u potvrdnoj rečenici.

Npr.

Could you tell me where the post office is? Ili

Do you know where the post office is?

U oba ova pitanja inverzija je na samom početku (pomoćni glagoli COULD tj. DO ispred

subjekta YOU) tako da za njom nema potrebe kasnije, kada se pomene THE POST

OFFICE.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES (QUESTIONS)

1. Napravite yes/no pitanja:

a) I like music, and you? ______________________________________________?

b) I respect my parents, and he? ________________________________________?

c) I have been to London, and they? _____________________________________?

d) I am interested in sports, and she? ____________________________________?

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e) I had prepared before I gave a speech, and you?

________________________________________________________________?

f) I am watching TV, and she? _________________________________________?

g) I was watching the quiz yesterday around 8, and you?

________________________________________________________________?

h) I am going to Turkey on holiday, and you?

_________________________________________________________________?

i) I will send you a postcard, and you? ___________________________________?

j) I have met the President, and she? _____________________________________?

2. Napravite pravi red reči u pitanjima:

a) it did where you find?

____________________________________________________________________?

b) buy want do a to shirt you?

____________________________________________________________________?

c) you what to discount us give can?

____________________________________________________________________?

d) delivery who for responsible is?

____________________________________________________________________?

e) party were the they invited to?

____________________________________________________________________?

f) child the could party our bring we to?

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____________________________________________________________________?

g) beautiful you visited place have such ever a?

____________________________________________________________________?

h) world what river the is in longest the?

____________________________________________________________________?

i) well your are doing you job?

____________________________________________________________________?

j) please you her could let finish?

____________________________________________________________________?

k) have years you in how you me five tell changed the

could last?

____________________________________________________________________?

l) colleagues you I know say what about would to like your?

____________________________________________________________________?

m) decisions what think employers' of you the do?

____________________________________________________________________?

3. Postavite pitanja tako da odgovor bude reč koja je podvučena:

a) Last year we lived in Paris. __________________________________________?

b) She saw me at the party _____________________________________________?

c) I will come as soon as I finish. ________________________________________?

d) We are listening to music. ___________________________________________?

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e) My family always go on holiday in September ___________________________?

f) His brother applied for the job. _______________________________________?

g) Non-smoking staff always complain about the smoke.

_________________________________________________________________?

h) People remember advertisements, not products.

___________________________?

i) Passangers feel safe? _______________________________________________?

j) They wanted him to conform to the company's new image.

_______________________________________________________________?

40

UNIT 6 TRADE

I VOCABULARY


a) dumping __________________________

b) protectionism _________________________________

c) liberalise _____________________________

d) deregulation _________________________

e) quotas __________________________

f) tariffs ___________________________

g) customs ______________________________

h) subsidise ____________________________

i) infant industries ______________________________

j) strategic industries ______________________________

k) shipment ________________________________

l) insurance _____________________________

m) delivery ______________________________

n) protected industries ____________________________

o) the letter of credit ______________________________

p) the rate of commission ______________________________

q) terms of payment _______________________________

r) Chamber of Commerce ___________________________________

41

s) warehouse ______________________________

t) retail outlets _____________________________

u) wholesale _______________________________

v) Bill of Lading ____________________________


1.____________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________


1. To be confirmed by your correspondent bank in Argentina.

___________________________________________________________

2. The specification of the goods we ordered

___________________________________________________________

3. Please, find enclosed the list of wines we ordered.

___________________________________________________________

4. The total value of the contract is 50,000 EUR.

___________________________________________________________

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5. To comply with all regulations __________________________________


a) Možemo li sad početi, molim?

_______________________________________________________________

b) Ukoliko naručite sada, daćemo vam popust

____________________________________________________________

c) Bićemo spremni da vam ponudimo bolju cenu ukoliko povećate

narudžbinu.

___________________________________________________________

d) Šta imate na umu?

____________________________________________________________

e) Mislim da se možemo složiti sa tim.

________________________________________________________


b) What do you think about the quality of imported goods?

c) Which country do you think our country import from most?

d) What can be obstacles of trade?

e) Is protectionism in favour or against free trade?

f) What are advantages and disadvantages of free trade?

43

II GRAMMAR

KONDICIONALNE REČENICE (CONDITIONAL SENTENCES)

Kondicionali ili uslovne rečenice su one rečenice koje nam govore šta će se dogoditi ako

se ispuni određeni uslov. U engleskom jeziku ih postoji 3, a tzv. prvi (realni)

kondicional se često koristi u poslovnom okruženju, u pregovaranju. Realni se zove zbog

toga što je realno očekivati neku navedenu posledicu ako do ispunjenja uslova dođe.

Npr.

Ako povećate vašu narudžbinu, daćemo vam 10% popusta.

If you increase your order, we will give you 10% discount.

Kao što se može videti iz ovog primera, kondicionalni (uslovni) deo rečenice (u ovom

slučaju stoji na početku, ali ne nužno i počinje sa IF) je u Simple Present Tensu (ili u

Present Perfect Tensu). U drugom delu rečenice može se, kao i u ovom primeru, naći

Future Tense (will) ili alternativno još jedan Simple Present Tense ili imperativ

(zapovedni način).

Dakle, »formula« glasi:

44

I KONDICIONAL

If klauza Glavna klauza

Simple Present Tense

Present Perfect Tense

Future Tense (will)

Simple Present Tense

Imperative

Npr.

If he wants to go, he will go. (Present Simple + Future Tense)

If you water flowers, they grow (Present Simple + Present Simple)

If you make a promise, keep it! (Present Simple + Imperative)

If they have not heard your wish, they will not know how to do it. (Present Perfect +

Future Tense)

If I have offended you, I am very sorry (Present Perfect + Present Simple)

If you have done wrong, correct it! (Present Perfect + Imperative)

45

II KONDICIONAL (nije realno očekivati ispunjenje uslova, tako da se o posledici samo

hipotetički govori)

Npr.

If I were1 a princess, I would live in a castle.

S obzirom da, nažalost, nikada nećemo biti na mestu te princeze, nerealno je očekivati

proširenje životnog prostora te vrste.

Ako u ovoj rečenici pogledamo kombinaciju upotrebljenih vremena, videćemo da se u

ovoj vrsti kondicionala upotrebljava Simple Past Tense u IF delu rečenice, a u onom

drugom delu (bez obzira na to gde mu je pozicija u rečenici) tzv. Future in the past, tj.

would + infinitiv. Ponekad se u IF delu rečenice upotrebljava »should« pa bi rečenica

glasila:

If I should tell you, you would not believe.


Simple Past Tense

should

Would + infinitive

1 Were je tzv. subjunctive oblik i upotrebljava se u II kondicionalu za sva lica

46

If I knew the problem, I would offer my help.

If I were you, I would apologize to him.

If a child were to meet a dangerous dog, he would be scared.

You would accept the invitation, if they invited you.

You would give me your seat, if you were kind.

III KONDICIONAL (prošli)

U ovom kondicionalu takođe nije realno očekivati ispunjenje uslova, pre svega zato što se

oni odnose na vreme koje je već prošlo, pa ne može doći ni do posledice.

Npr.

If I had known of your arrival, I would have met you. (but I didn't know, so I didn't

meet you)

Kao što se iz ovog primera vidi, kombinacija vremena je sledeća:


Past Perfect Tense (had known) Would + have + past participle (-ed za

pravilne ili III kolona nepravilnih glagola)

47

If you had listened carefully, you would have understood.

If they hadn't watered the garden, the plants would have died.

If it hadn't rained yesterday, they would have stayed at home.

If we had attended his lectures, we would know the answer to his question.

If I had seen him, I would have helped him.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES (CONDITIONALS)

1.Napravite I kondicional:

a) If you _____________(come) to visit us in Belgrade, we _________________

(show) you the city.

b) If you _____________(see) a snake, ______________________! (not panic)

c) He ____________________ (be) sorry, if he _______________________(miss)

the party.

d) We _________________________(not come), if they

____________________(show up).

e) If the weather _________________(be) good, we ___________________(go) out

tonight.

48

2.Napravite II kondicional:

a) If I _____________________(be) you, I _____________________(enrol) that

University.

b) If he ____________________(see) me, he ____________________(say) hello.

c) We _______________________(not be) here, if they

_____________________(invite) us.

d) My father __________________________(help) you, if he

__________________(know).

e) Be assured that we _________________(join) you, if we

_______________________(receive) the invitation for the party.

3.Napravite III kondicional:

a) If he _______________________(come), I

____________________________(see) him. But he didn't come.

b) I ______________________________(send) you a fax, if I

___________________(know) that you were waiting for it.

c) He ______________________________(not speak) to you, if he

_______________________(see) you smoking.

d) His parents ____________________________(move) to another flat, if they

____________________________(know) that you wanted this one.

49

e) My school ________________________(be) open, if the reconstruction

________________________(be) on time.

4.Izaberite odgovarajući kondicional:

a) I ____________________(tell) him when he __________________(come).

b) If my parents ___________________________(know) about your holiday house,

they _________________________(build) it themselves.

c) If I ________________________(have) a wife, I _______________________(not

cook) myself.

d) If I __________________(be) you, I ______________________(not talk) to him.

e) What ______________he _____________(do) if he ______________(not have)

such nice parents?

50

TEST SAMPLES

(PRIMERI KOLOKVIJUMA IZ

PRETHODNIH ROKOVA)

51

1.

I Put the verbs into a correct tense:

1. Oh, my God. Not again! You _______always ____________(complain) of everything and of everybody. What is the matter with you?

2. We ______________________(consider) the job to be not so well paid, and therefore we ________________________(consider) changing our job as well.

3. ________ you _____________(listen) to me? __________ you ______________________(understand) what I ______________________ (talk) about.

4. It ____________________ (rain) hard, when I ______________________ (leave) home.

5. What _________ you ___________(do) two days ago, between 7 and 10?6. I can’t believe I _________________ (get) that apartment. I

____________________ (submit) my application last week, but I didn’t think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I _____________________ (show) up to take a look around, there were at least twenty other people who __________________ (arrive) before me.

7. It’s strange that you _____________________(call) because I __________________________(think, just) about you.

8. I ________________(do) German at school, but I _________________(forget) most of it.

9. I _____________________________(live) in Belgrade, since 1987.10. Have a nice holiday! – Thank you. I _________________________(send) you a

postcard. I ________________________(send) postcards to all my friends.

_______________10 points

II Complete the sentences:

1. If we __________(go) to London, we _______________(see) the Tower.2. What ____________you ____________(do), if you _________________(be) a

princess?3. If I __________________(catch) the bus, I _______________(be) there on time.4. If you ____________________(live) in the 18th century, you

_______________________(live) in a palace.5. I ____________________(not do) that, if I ________________(am) you.

_______________5 points

52

III Put A, AN, THE or / where necessary:

1. Many people think of ________twentieth century as ___________ age of progress.

2. These goods will be arriving __________next Friday.3. Can you give me ________egg. I haven’t got any left.4. Mr and Mrs Foster have _________son and _________daughter. _________son

lives at ________home and _________daughter is __________student.5. A: What’s ________name of ________hotel where you’re staying?B:___________Imperial. It’s in _______city centre. It’s near _________station.

_______________5 points

IV Translate into English:

1. Želeo bih da Vam se izvinim zbog neprijatnosti koje ste imali.

_______________________________________________________2. Pišem Vam da bi se žalio na Vaše usluge.

_______________________________________________________3. Predložio bih da rešimo problem.

_______________________________________________________4. Molim Vas, u prilogu nadjite naš najnoviji katalog.

________________________________________________________5. Biće nam veoma drago da saradjujemo sa Vama u budućnosti.

________________________________________________________

_______________5 points

53

2.

I Put a, an, the or X where necessery:

I am from Seattle, Washington. Seattle is ______city in ______United States. It is near ________border of ________Canada.. I live in ______house in ______street in the countryside. _______street is called "Bear Street". I am ________English teacher at _________school in ________centre of _______town. I like ________ taking photographs. I usually have _______lunch at school. I usually go _________home by _______car.

______________5 points

II Put the verbs into a correct tense:

John likes traveling a lot. In fact, he __________ (be) only two years old when he first __________ (fly) to the US. John _____________ (be) born in France, but his parents ____________ (meet) in Cologne, Germany after they ________ (live) there for five years. They ______ (meet) one day while John's father __________ (read) a book in the library.

As a matter of fact, John ____________ (visit) his parents in France at the moment. He _______ (live) in New York now, but ______________ (visit) his parents for the past few weeks.

This year he ___________ (fly) over 50,000 miles for his job. He _______________ (work) for Jackson & Co. for almost two years now. He's pretty sure that he ____________ (work) for them next year as well. His job __________ (require) a lot of travel.

His girlfriend from New York _________ (telephone) to let him know that Jackson & Co. ___________ (decide) to merge with a company in Australia. The two companies ______________ (negotiate) for the past month, so it really _______ (not be) much of a surprise. Of course, this _______ (mean) that John _______ (have to catch) the next plane back to New York.

_______________10 points

54

III Make questions:

1. I am writing to complain about the incorrect placement of the advertisement. _______________________________________________?2. The best solution would be to pay the full cost of the insurance___________________________________________?3. We were pleased with the outcome of the negotiations. ________________________________?4. Few companies will have escaped all the failures. ___________________________________?5. We’d like to be paid by letter of credit. _______________________________?

_______________5 points

IV Complete the conditional sentences:

1. If flights don’t leave on time, passengers _________________ worried and nervous. (feel)

2. I wouldn’t listen to him, if I ___________ you. (be)3. She ______________________ you, if you had called her. (help)4. Unless it ___________, we will have a picnic. (rain)5. I you __________ done business with us, we would be willing to give you a 10%

discount. (have)

_______________5 points

V Translate into English:

1. Želeli bismo da direktno predjemo na stvar.______________________________________________________2. Mi ćemo pokriti i osiguranje.______________________________________________________3. Spremni smo da ponudimo povoljne uslove ukoliko želite isporuku pre

Božićne gužve.______________________________________________________4. Veoma je važno ostaviti dobar utisak tokom intervjua za posao

oblačenjem na odgovarajući način._____________________________________________________5. Želeo bih da iznesem koncept kampanje koju smo razvili za vas._______________________________________________________

_______________5 points

55

REŠENJA

(ANSWER KEY)

56

1. GLOBALISATION

1. a) infrastruktura b) pitanja, problemi c) profitabilnost d) socijalna davanja/beneficije e) prenos/transfer kapitala f) sedište neke firme g) akvizicija h) ne prevodi se i) konzorcijum j) franšizing k) licenciranje l) lokalni partner m) »ćerka firma«3. 1) mesto u kome se nalazi sedište fabrike, u tekstu se misli na Sijetl 2) globalno preduzeće 3) izvući korist od 4) maloprodajni lanac 5) izgubiti strpljenje 6) kompanija za regrutaciju kadrova 7) ispitanik4. 1) Would you like to leave a message? 2) Can/Could I have your telephone number? 3) I'll make sure he gets the message. 4) I'm afraid he is not available now. 5) Can/Could I have the sales department, please?

GRAMMAR

1. a) more b) taller c) happier d) smaller e) more interesting f) worse g) further h) more i) more expensive j) more experienced. 2. a) the most polite b) the biggest c) the most beautiful d) the worst e) the furthest f) the coldest g) the biggest h) the most dangerous i) the most difficult. 3. a) You are as clever as your sister b) It was not as hard as we had thought. c) The book is as interesting as the film. d) We are as hungry as everybody else. e) Today, it is not as cold as yesterday.

2. BRANDS

1. a) lojalnost brendu b) povećati svest o brendu c) onaj koji kopira brendove d) licencna prava e) zloupotreba autorskih prava f) „skinuti“ (kopirati) brend g) lažan h) roba i) korporativna strategija j) uništiti imidž brenda k) lansirati proizvod l) luksuzni brend m) udeo u tržištu n) ciljni klijenti/potrošači. 3. a) prodaja se konstantno povećava b) preplaviti tržište c) roba je zaplenjena od strane policije d) otkriti zloupotrebu autroskih prava e) povezati brend sa robom lošeg kvaliteta 4. a) I think we should rise the level of our brand awareness. b) I'm afraid I don't agree with it. c) Can I say something? d) I totally agree.

GRAMMAR

a) haven't seen b) hasn't been c) did you have d) spent e) studied, have forgotten f) hasn't found g) have you learnt h) moved i) have you been?, was j) looked, met k) have you already booked l) have you heard, left, has anyone been, applied, has been decided m) has lived n) intended o) have lived p) have lived, lived q) helped r) have worked

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3. TRAVEL

1. a) izmenjeno fizičko stanje osobe nastalo usled dugog putovanja avionom iz jedne u drugu vremensku zonu b) pravljenje duplih rezervacija na nekom letu zbog više prodatih mesta nego što ih ima u avionu c) red, stajati u redu d) kolica (za prtljag na aerodromu) e) otkazivanje (leta) f) ručni prtljag g) flajer h) upitnik i) smeštaj j) ekonomska/biznis klasa k) specijalna ponuda l) izvlačenje nagrade/nagradna igra m) vaučer n) povratna reakcija o) neprikladno ponašanje p) pista q) kabinska posada (u avionu) 3. a) popuniti priloženi upitnik b) priloženi flajer c) verbalni/fizički napad d) dugački redovi na šalteru za predaju prtljaga e) ekstenzivna (široka) mreža važnih destinacija 4. a) Can/Could we meet on Wednesday at 9 a.m.? b) Are you free (sometime) next month? c) I'm afraid I've already got an appointment then d) I'm afraid I can't come on Wednesday e) Can/Could we fix another time?

GRAMMAR

1. will be mending 2. will have mended 3. will be mending 4. will be mended, will drive 5. will repair 6. will not have, will send, will not come, will find 6. will be doing 7. will have 8. will not see, will have left 9. will go out 10. will be fishing 11. will have been working 12. will be 13. will have passed, will pick 14. will not be using, will not do.

4. ADVERTISING

1. a) reklama koja privlači pogled b) reklame na televiziji c) izložba/sajam d) besplatni uzorci e) flajeri f) prostor na televiziji u udarnom terminu g) reklama/oglas h) maloprodajni diskonti i) ciljni potrošači j) lansirati novi proizvod k) konkurentski proizvodi l) mesto kupovine m) javni prevoz n) istraživanje tržišta o) ubediti potrošače p) sponzorstvo q) promovisati novi proizvod 3. a) izazivati zadivljene poglede b) multinacionalni reklamni ideal c) svideti se klijentima d) reklame napravljene specijalno za lokalna tržišta e) dati nacrt koncepta kampanje 4. a) I would like to welcome you on behalf of myself and my company. b) I'm going to tell you about the ideas we have come up with for new campaign c) These are results of the market research d) I've divided my presentation into four parts. e) If you have any questions do not hesitate to interrupt me.

GRAMMAR

1.a 2. the, the 3. /, a, the 4. a 5. a 6. the, / 7. a, a 8. a 9. the 10. the 11. a 12. an 13. a 14. / 15. the 16. the, / 16. the 17. /, the 18. a, the 19. the, a, the 20. the, the, the 21. a

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22. /, the, the 23. the 24. a 25. /, an, a 26. a 27. an, the 28. the, a 29. a, a 30. a, / 31. /, /, / 32. the, the 33. the

5. EMPLOYMENT

1. a) izgled b) rukopis c) bračni status d) „istorija“ uzimanja bolovanja e) porodiljsko odsustvo f) odsustvo zbog bolovanja g) regrutacija nove radne snage h) diplomac i) opuštena osoba j) žustra osoba k) sposobnosti l) nizak stepen poštovanja (nekoga) m) veštine n) reference 3. a) rastući broj b) ljudski resursi c) nepošteno otpuštanje sa radnog mesta d) profesionalni izgled e) dobar utisak 4. 1. Let's get down to work. 2. Let her finish. 3. Can/Could we get back to it? 4. I think we should discuss this a bit more. 5. We can possibly return to the matter.

GRAMMAR

1. a) Do you like music? b) Does he respect his parents? c) Have they been to London? d) Is she interested in sports? e) Had you prepared before you gave a speech? f) Is she watching TV? g) Were you watching the quiz yesterday around 8? h) Are you going to Turkey on holiday? i) Will you send a postcard? j) Has she met the President? 2. a) Where did you find it? b) Do you want to buy a shirt? c) What discount can you give us? d) Who is responsible for delivery? e) Were they invited to the party? f) Could we bring our child to the party? g) Have you ever visited such a beautiful place? h) What is the longest river in the world? i) Are you doing your job well? j) Could you let her finish, please? k) Could you tell me how you have changed in the last five years? l) I would like to know what you say about your colleagues? m) What do you think of the employers' decisions? 3. a) Where did we live last year? b) Who saw me at the party? c) When will you come? d) What are we listening to? e) When do/does my family go on holiday? f) Who applied for the job? g) Why do/does non-smoking staff always complain? h) Who remember advertisements? i) How do passangers feel? j) What did they want him to conform to?

6. TRADE

1. a) damping b) protekcionizam c) liberalisati d) deregulacija e) kvote f) tarife g) carine h) subvencionisati i) mlade grane industrije j) strateške grane industrije k) isporuka l) osiguranje m) isporuka n) zaštićene grane industrije o) akreditiv p) stopa provizije q) uslovi plaćanja r) Privredna komora s) magacin t) maloprodajni outlet objekti u) veleprodaja v) tovarni list 3. 1) Mora biti potvrdjeno od strane vaše poslovne banke u Argentini 2) specifikacija robe koju smo naručili 3) Molimo, u prilogu nadjite spisak vina

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koje smo naručili 4) Ukupna vrednost ugovora je 50000 evra 5) biti u saglasnosti sa svim pravilima/zakonima 5. a) Can/could we start/begin now, please? b) If you order now, we will give you a discount. c) We would be prepared/ready to offer you a better price if you increased your order. d) What do you have in mind? e) I think we can agree to that.

GRAMMAR

1. a) come, will show b) see, don't panic c) will be, misses d) will not, show up e) is, will go 2. a) were, would enrol b) saw, would say c) wouldn't be, invited d) would help, knew e) would join, received 3. a) had come, would have seen b) would have sent, had known c) wouldn't have spoken, had seen d) would have moved, had known e) would have been, had been 4. a) will tell, comes b) had known, would have built c) had, would not d) were, would not e) would he do, didn't have