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England’s England’s Resistance to Resistance to Absolute Monarchy Absolute Monarchy

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Page 1: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

England’s Resistance to England’s Resistance to Absolute MonarchyAbsolute Monarchy

Page 2: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is
Page 3: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Constitutional Constitutional Monarchy/GovernmentMonarchy/Government

Limitations of government by lawLimitations of government by law Written or unwrittenWritten or unwritten No one is above the lawNo one is above the law

Page 4: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

The Monarch’s PowerThe Monarch’s Power

Their successesTheir successes Strength of their Strength of their

personalitypersonality Popularity with the Popularity with the

peoplepeople Their political Their political

shrewdnessshrewdness Elizabeth – she had itElizabeth – she had it James I – he didn’tJames I – he didn’t

Page 5: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Issues between Parliament and the Issues between Parliament and the MonarchyMonarchy

Power of the PursePower of the Purse ReligionReligion Divine RightDivine Right Parliament had grown used to ruling Parliament had grown used to ruling

England in a partnership with the England in a partnership with the monarchymonarchy

Page 6: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

ParliamentParliament House of Lords - representatives of the nobilityHouse of Lords - representatives of the nobility House of Commons – representatives of towns and House of Commons – representatives of towns and

countiescounties Advised the king – consented to taxes (power of the Advised the king – consented to taxes (power of the

purse)purse)

Page 7: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

The King and ParliamentThe King and Parliament

If the king could rule without needing money, he could rule without Parliament

Page 8: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

James IJames I

Difficult relationship Difficult relationship with Parliamentwith Parliament

Devoted to divine Devoted to divine rightright

Spent too much Spent too much moneymoney

Parliament uses Parliament uses power of the pursepower of the purse

Page 9: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Charles I (1625-1649)Charles I (1625-1649)

Very difficult relationship Very difficult relationship with Parliamentwith Parliament

Disbands ParliamentDisbands Parliament Finds his own money Finds his own money

until…until… War with Scotland … War with Scotland …

recalls Parliamentrecalls Parliament Parliament asserts controlParliament asserts control

Triennial Act (1641)Triennial Act (1641) Civil War breaks out (1646-Civil War breaks out (1646-

1649)1649)

Page 10: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Cavaliers – Royalists

(The King)

Roundheads(Parliament)

Vs.

Page 11: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Commonwealth est. 1649Commonwealth est. 1649

Headed by Cromwell – Headed by Cromwell – Lord ProtectorLord Protector

Military Leader in Civil Military Leader in Civil WarWar

““Instrument of Instrument of GovernmentGovernment

Effectively military ruleEffectively military rule Rump ParliamentRump Parliament

Page 12: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Charles II 1660-1685Charles II 1660-1685

Restoration of the monarchyRestoration of the monarchy Got along well with ParliamentGot along well with Parliament Religious Questions – Where will he take Religious Questions – Where will he take

EnglandEngland Parliament pushed for religious uniformityParliament pushed for religious uniformity

Page 13: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

James IIJames II

CatholicCatholic Old – No problemOld – No problem

Has a childHas a child

Page 14: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

Restoration and Glorious RevolutionRestoration and Glorious Revolution

Restoration Restoration Charles II – Charles II – Habeas corpusHabeas corpus

Glorious RevolutionGlorious Revolution James IIJames II Bloodless revolutionBloodless revolution

Page 15: England’s Resistance to Absolute Monarchy. Constitutional Monarchy/Government  Limitations of government by law  Written or unwritten  No one is

William and Mary (1689-1702)William and Mary (1689-1702)

Ended the concept of Ended the concept of divine-right monarchydivine-right monarchy They were They were offeredoffered the the

throne by Parliamentthrone by Parliament

Agree to the English Agree to the English Bill of RightsBill of Rights