Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere

Chapter 4 - Section 2Pgs 99 - 102

Energy from the SunEnergy from the SunMost of the EarthMost of the Earth’’s s energy comes from the energy comes from the sunsun

35% is reflected back 35% is reflected back into spaceinto space

15% is absorbed by the 15% is absorbed by the atmosphereatmosphere

50 % is absorbed by the 50 % is absorbed by the earthearth’’s surfaces surface

HeatHeat

energy that flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature

HeatHeatHeat always moves from a warmer place to a cooler place.

Hot objects in a cooler room will cool to room temperature.

Cold objects in a warmer room will heat up to room temperature.

Question?Question?

If a cup of coffee and a red popsicle were left on the table in this room what would happen to them? Why?

AnswerAnswer

The cup of coffee will cool until it reaches room temperature. The popsicle will melt and then the liquid will warm to room temperature.

Heat TransferHeat TransferThe Earth is heated by energy from the sun

This heat is then transferred through the atmosphere by radiation, conduction or convection

RadiationRadiation energy transferred in the form of waves or rays

ConductionConduction The transfer of heat that occurs when molecules bump into each other

Energy transferred through direct contact

ConvectionConvection Transfer of heat by the flow of material

Convection circulates heat throughout the atmosphere

ExampleExample

The Water CycleThe Water CycleHydrosphere - all the waters on Earth

The constant cycling of water in the atmosphere and hydrosphere that plays an important role in determining weather patterns and climate types

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle Evaporation - change of matter from a liquid to a gas state

Condensation - change of matter from a gas to a liquid state

Precipitation - rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls to the ground

Transpiration - giving off of moisture through the surface of leaves or other plant parts

Groundwater- water that collects and flows under ground

Runoff- water that runs along the surface of land into a body of water

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

Adding or subtracting heat keeps the cycle Adding or subtracting heat keeps the cycle goinggoing