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Energy-Storage for the use of flexibility
Alexander Emde, M. Eng.
04 June 2019
Stuttgart, DE
Facilitator
Industry Project Examples5
Research Project Examples4
Applications of Energy Storages3
Overview of Energy Storage Technologies2
Need of Energy Storages1
Agenda
Facilitator
CO2-Emissions
*17 %deviation
*19 %deviation
Primary Energy Consumption
CO2
Emissions
Need of Energy StoragesWhere do we stand today?
*forecast assuming continuation of current trend **on gross electricity consumption Source: based on Gesamtausgabe der Energiedaten – Datensammlung des BMWi (2017)
Germ
an
yW
orl
d
Primary Energy Consumption Share of Renewables**
- 50 % by 2050
80 % by 2050
- 80 % by 2050
2016
20202025
CO
2-E
mis
sio
ns
Time
Facilitator
Need of Energy StoragesThe factory in the context of a changing energy system
Hot Water Storage
Fossil Fuel(Oil, Gas etc.)
Electricity
Heating
HVAC
Heat Pump
MachineTool
MachineTool
CompressedAir System
CoolingPhotovoltaic System
CompressedAir
CHP
Shading
Ground Probes
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Need of Energy StoragesRenewable energies produce volatile and decentral energy
controllablevolatile
gen
era
tio
nd
em
an
d
renewableenergies
fossil fuels
nuclearenergy
presentenergy
demand
photovoltaics
wind
conventional
water
biomass
demand
23. August
03. November
https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/topics/-agothem-/Produkt/produkt/76/Agorameter/
Facilitator
Need of Energy StoragesSmart Grid enables adaptable energy demand and utilizing storage technologies
Industry 4.0 – Balancing demand and generation by increasing information exchange
controllablevolatile
gen
era
tio
nd
em
an
d
renewable energies
fossil fuels
nuclearenergy
present energy
demand
adaptableenergy
demand
Energy storages allow to decouple energy demand and generation
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Producer ConsumerEnergy storage systems areadjusting the balancebetween supply andconsumption/demand:
Bridging the time differencebetween consumption andproduction
Reduction of starting times
Cut of power peaks
Energy efficience gain
Weckmann (2014)
Energy storage
Need of Energy StoragesEnergy storage as a key technology
Facilitator
Industry Project Examples5
Research Project Examples4
Applications of Energy Storages3
Overview of Energy Storage Technologies2
Need of Energy Storages1
Agenda
Facilitator
industrial
productionstability & quality
energy efficiencyenergy „to go“
energy costs
Necess ity of storage and storage requirement
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10
Energy Storages SystemsOverview
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Energy Storages SystemsOverview
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Mobility
Networking
Communication
Applications are becoming more and more powerful – oftenthe energy storage lags behind
Energy storage in the mobile application
Energy „to go“
Facilitator
Industry Project Examples5
Research Project Examples4
Applications of Energy Storages3
Overview of Energy Storage Technologies2
Need of Energy Storages1
Agenda
Facilitator
Applications of Energy StoragesLevel of Applications in the Factory
Self-consumption
Peak Shaving
10 kW – 6 MW
Machine integration
Machine 1
20 kW – 600 kW
UPS
Peak Shaving
Decoupling from the grid
100 kW – 6 MW
Factory
A
BMS
S
S
BMS
recuperation
Peak Shaving
UPS
Autarky of the
grid
Reduction of
infrastructure
Charge management
FTS
Self-consumption
Peak Shaving
Optimal energy purchase
Control energy
BMS
E-Mobility
Solar inverter
Industrial UPS
Facilitator
reduction of installed power
improving process quality
integration of renewable energy
reliability, UPS
add
ed v
alue
sup
ply
qua
lity
infr
astr
uctu
ree
ne
rgy
e
ffic
ien
cysu
pp
ly r
elia
bili
tydemand price
reduction
brake energy recovery
current application application potential future application
Technical use
Secundary benefit
Primary benefit
power factor correction
energy flexibility
grid benefitial stabilization
providing control energy
autarky & mobility
Applications of Energy StoragesEconomical use of energy storages is achieved throughsynergetic added value.
Facilitator
Applications of Energy StoragesIn Smart-Grids Energy Storages secures and optimizes theproduction
Secure the supply ofcritical processes
Use existing storagecapacity to optimize yourenergy consumption
Improve the quality ofsupply of infrastructureplants
Storage 1
Machine 1
20 kW – 600 kW
A
BMS
S
S
...
Cloud Storage
Intelligence
Stroage 2
Machine 2
20 kW – 600 kW
A
BMS
S
S
Storage...
Machine...
20 kW – 600 kW
A
BMS
S
S
Facilitator
Industry Project Examples5
Research Project Examples4
Applications of Energy Storages3
Overview of Energy Storage Technologies2
Need of Energy Storages1
Agenda
Facilitator
Advantages of Batteries and
Capacitors High Capability
High Energy Density
Fast Charge Acceptance
Non-combustible
Key Figures
Power Density 300 - 1.500 W/kg
Energy Density 30 Wh/kg
Number of Cycles(life time)
> 20.000
1. Project Example: Fast Storage BW IIHybrid Energy Storage „Powercap“
Facilitator
po
wer
time
LaMaVi
Energy StorageTechnologies
Power Supply
Connection technologies
Smart & flexiblerepresent the energy behaviour ofdifferent industrial consumers
Hardware in the Loopapplication-oriented as a real testenvironment for energy storagetechnologies and software
Fail-safeCost-efficient components and suitableScaling for test environment
Holistic MonitoringAccessability of all eletric signals
2. Project Example: Fast Storage BW IITest environment at Fraunhofer IPA offers analys isposs ibilities for Energy Storage Integration
Facilitator
Powercap
Large capacity
Lower power loss
Increased Efficiency of 13 %
DLC
Reacts faster
Higher power
Increased Efficiency of 15 %
3. Project Example: Fast Storage BW IIResults of analys is of a rack feeder with recuperation
Facilitator
4. Project Example: Fast Storage BW IIEnergy Storages are complex systems that influence theenergy supply system
User request:
Increase of self-sufficiency
Security of supply
Increase of energy efficiency
Increase of supply quality
Improvement of suppy stability / process quality
Achievement of monetarysavings
1. Analysis of load profile
- Identification of application
- Design of energy Storage
2. Selection of Energy Storage Technology
3. Economic Evaluation
4. Development of optimal operatingstrategy
Facilitator
Industry Project Examples5
Research Project Examples4
Applications of Energy Storages3
Overview of Energy Storage Technologies2
Need of Energy Storages1
Agenda
Facilitator
1. Project Example: The virtual batteryBalancing volatile generation with demand oriented consumption
Basic principle: Electro-intensive industry processes as a buffer between
Renewable Energy Virtual battery Demand side
The use of a virtual battery to balance between
volatile power production and demand oriented consumption
Facilitator
Time in d
Pow
er
in M
W
Virtual battery
+22 MW
-22 MW
90
Load range = 90 MW (base load) +/- 22 MW
48h0
This capacity is comparable to an average
size pump storage hydro power station
22 MW x 48h =
1.06 GWh
Changing the Game:
1. Project Example: The virtual batteryBalancing volatile generation with demand oriented consumption
Facilitator
Battery storage: BMW storagefarm Leipzig
Use of the BMW i3 batteries in the second life cycle
Farm absorbs excess energy
maximum power of 10 MW could supply 50.000 households with electricity for
one month
2. Project Example: Balancing energy marketingTechnologies at a glance
Facilitator
-Business model: Customers participate in
the revenues of the flexibility marketing:
1000$ „Up-front“ Incentive
1$/day fee for DR event participation
-Challenge: Fulfillment of the techn. Requirement with the simplest means (i3 series cars, ConnecteddriveSeries)
-Fleet of 100 BMW i3 customers in the San
Francisco Bay Area
-Duration: 7/2015 –12/2016
-Smart-Phone App for business model
-stationary storage
2. Project Example: Charging strategy of electric carsDevelopment
Facilitator
2. Project Example: Charging strategy of electric carsDevelopment
Facilitator
Target system: Shell – automated guide vehicles(AGV) as mobile electricity storage
Target: Proof-of-Concept demonstrator
3. Project Example: „AGV as mobile electricitystorage“ in the shellDemonstrator
Facilitator
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingImplementation in load management
Li-ion-technology
C: 800 kWh
Power: 300 kW
Facilitator
Timeline
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
© Robert Bosch GmbH 2018. Alle Rechte vorbehalten, auch bzgl. jeder Verfügung, Verwertung, Reproduktion, Bearbeitung, Weitergabe sowie für den Fall von Schutzrechtsanmeldungen.10
2008 2012 2014 2015
Energy efficiency Energy Management
Energy savings in
productionOil- and gas-free factory
Electrical peak load
management
cold water
storage
Energy
2017
battery storage
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingEnergy Management @ Bosch Nürnberg
Facilitator
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
© Robert Bosch GmbH 2018. Alle Rechte vorbehalten, auch bzgl. jeder Verfügung, Verwertung, Reproduktion, Bearbeitung, Weitergabe sowie für den Fall von Schutzrechtsanmeldungen.11
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingCold water storage
Facilitator
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
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Peak load reduction by cold water storage Guarantees payback of grid usage fees
Further aspects: Reuse of former heating oil tank
Usage of cheap night current
Cooling units run more efficiently
Additional cooling unit for peak load unnecessary
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingCold water storage
Facilitator
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
© Robert Bosch GmbH 2018. Alle Rechte vorbehalten, auch bzgl. jeder Verfügung, Verwertung, Reproduktion, Bearbeitung, Weitergabe sowie für den Fall von Schutzrechtsanmeldungen.13
Tank isolationDiffusors
Unmounted diffusors
Oil tank
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingCold water storage
Facilitator
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
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Capacity: 1,000 m³
Storage medium: Water
Stratified storage
Diffusors guarantee stratification
Difference in density causes stratification
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingCold water storage
Facilitator
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
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4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingIntegration of a battery for peak load reduction at plant level
Facilitator
Li-Ionen-battery
Capacity: 800 kWh / 300 kW
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingIntegration of a battery for peak load reduction at plant level
Facilitator
Powertrain Solutions | FCM-Nu1 | 07.06.2018
© Robert Bosch GmbH 2018. Alle Rechte vorbehalten, auch bzgl. jeder Verfügung, Verwertung, Reproduktion, Bearbeitung, Weitergabe sowie für den Fall von Schutzrechtsanmeldungen.17
Capacity: 800 kWh / 300 kW
Start of operations: 03/2017
Daily usage: approx. 20 times
Li-ion technology
Fast reaction time (within 3s)
Implementation within the building
control system
4. Project Example: Energy Storage for Peak ShavingIntegration of a battery for peak load reduction at plant level
Facilitator
Vielen Dank!
Telefon +49 (0) 711 970 -
www.eep.uni-stuttgart.de
www.ipa.fraunhofer.de/de/Kompetenzen/effizienzsysteme.htmlHH
38
Alexander Emde
M.Eng.
1916
Institute for Energy Efficiency in Production (EEP)
Thank you!
Facilitator
Backup: New Agenda