Conductors and insulatorsConductors and insulators

• TargetTarget• To know the basics of current To know the basics of current

electricityelectricity

May 1, 2023

CurrentCurrent• An electric current is a flow of An electric current is a flow of

charges called electrons (-).charges called electrons (-).• The number of charges flowing is The number of charges flowing is

measured in amps on an ammeter.measured in amps on an ammeter.• The ‘push’ on the charges is The ‘push’ on the charges is

measured in volts on a voltmeter.measured in volts on a voltmeter.

The circuit symbolsThe circuit symbols

CELL

BATTERY

AAMMETER

Makes a dc current

Makes a bigger dc current

Measures a current

The circuit symbolsThe circuit symbols

OPEN SWITCH

LAMP

Controls current flowing

Has a high resistance – gives off light

RESISTORHas a high resistance.

Series circuitSeries circuit• In a series circuit In a series circuit

the current flows the current flows through each through each lamp one at a lamp one at a time. If one goes time. If one goes out they all go out they all go out. The lamps out. The lamps share the voltage share the voltage and are quite dim.and are quite dim.

Parallel circuitsParallel circuits• In a parallel circuit In a parallel circuit

the current flows the current flows through each through each lamp separately.lamp separately.

• If one goes out If one goes out the others stay the others stay on. All lamps are on. All lamps are equally bright.equally bright.

Electricity

An electric current is a flow of charges called

electrons (-).The number of charges flowing is measured in amps on an ammeter.

The ‘push’ on the charges is measured in volts on a

voltmeter.

In a series circuit the current flows through each lamp one at a time. If one goes out they all go out. The lamps share the voltage and are

quite dim.

In a parallel circuit the current flows through each lamp separately.

If one goes out the others stay on. All lamps are

equally bright.

A short circuit occurs when a piece of wire

allows current to flow past a lamp. This can be

dangerous as a very high current can flow. The short

circuited lamp goes out

Key wordsKey words• CircuitCircuit• SymbolSymbol• SeriesSeries• ParallelParallel• Short circuitShort circuit• CurrentCurrent• VoltageVoltage

Short circuitsShort circuits• A short circuit A short circuit

occurs when a occurs when a piece of wire piece of wire allows current to allows current to flow past a lamp. flow past a lamp. This can be This can be dangerous as a dangerous as a very high current very high current can flow. The can flow. The short circuited short circuited lamp goes outlamp goes out

AnswersAnswers ElectronElectron

SeriesSeries

ParallelParallel

CellCell

(a) Name for charges (a) Name for charges flowing in a circuit.flowing in a circuit.

(b) Name of a part of a (b) Name of a part of a circuit that produces circuit that produces electricity.electricity.

(c) Connecting circuit (c) Connecting circuit parts one after the parts one after the other.other.

(d) Connecting circuit (d) Connecting circuit parts next to each parts next to each other.other.

(a)

(b)

(c) (d)(b)

(b)

(b)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(c)

(c)

(c)

(d)

(d)

(d)

Words

AnswerAnswer Sorry that is wrong.Sorry that is wrong.

Try again!Try again!

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AnswerAnswer That is the right answer!!!That is the right answer!!!

Well doneWell done

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AnswersAnswers ElectronElectron

SeriesSeries

ParallelParallel

CellCell

(a) Name for charges (a) Name for charges flowing in a circuit.flowing in a circuit.

(b) Name of a part of a (b) Name of a part of a circuit that produces circuit that produces electricity.electricity.

(c) Connecting circuit (c) Connecting circuit parts one after the parts one after the other.other.

(d) Connecting circuit (d) Connecting circuit parts next to each parts next to each other.other.

(a)

(b)

(c) (d)(b)

(b)

(b)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(c)

(c)

(c)

(d)

(d)

(d)

Words

AnswerAnswer Sorry that is wrong.Sorry that is wrong.

Try again!Try again!

Press here to continue

AnswerAnswerThat is the right answer!!!That is the right answer!!!

Well doneWell done

Press here to continue