UMR 5213

Energy efficient indoor ligtihng

technologies

Energy efficient indoor ligtihng

technologies

Prof. Georges Zissisgeorges.zissis@laplace.univ-tlse.fr

UMR 5213

Light sources are everywhere !Light sources are everywhere !

InteriorLighting

IndustrialApplications

TransportLighting & Signs

Signalisation&

Displays

MonumentLighting

UrbanLighting

UMR 5213

Actual situationActual situation

33 billion lamps operate every day 2 650 TWh electricity consumed per annum 19% of worldwide electricity production 3% of primary energy used every year for lighting

12% France 9% Germany 21% USA 34% Tunisia 86% Tanzania

(Mils, RL-5, 2003)

Urban8%

Industrial16%

Residential28%

Tertiary48%

Full production of FR + IT

Soustainable Developpement

200 billion Euros per annum (Europe)

16 billion new lamps per annum 25 billion of Euros/annum (turnover lamp industry) Turnover increases constantly since 20 years

1 890 million tonnes of CO2 per year

80 tonnes Hg-contaminated wastes collected in France every week

Light pollution of skies

UMR 5213

Tomorrow ? (2030)…

Tomorrow ? (2030)…

6.5 billion people live on earth (2006) 1.5 billion without connection to electrical grid (2003)

6.3 k$ average annual GDP / person (2006)

4% annual average GDP growth rate (2006)

5 billion people use 2 650 TWh par yearAverage energy used for lighting: 430 kWh/capita/annum

8.0 billions (2030)1.0 billion (2030)

1.2% growth/annum

Average 680 kWh/capita/annumfor 7 billion people in 2030

GDP/capita (k$/an)

Energ

y (

MW

h/c

apit

a/a

nnum

)

20062030

*

UMR 5213

Should we ban incendescnt lampes?Should we ban incendescnt lampes?

Incand. 35%

Incand. 70%

Is production capicity sufficient ?

Is the consummer ready for the market transfromation ?

What is the social impact ?

UMR 5213

It is better to promote energy efficient technologies…

It is better to promote energy efficient technologies…

Incandescent Lamps (GLS)10 - 14 lm/W

Compact Fluorescent lamps (CFL)30 - 65 lm/W

Electroluminescent Diodes (LED)30-50 lm/W

UMR 5213

Building sector: Solutions exist

Building sector: Solutions exist

T5

Diamètre 16 mmLuminus efficacy = 95 to 105 lm/WEln BallastTriphosphorsProduct in expansion

T12

Diameter 38 mmLuminus efficacy = 40 to 65 lm/WEM BallastHallophosphatesDeclining Product

T8

Diameter 26 mmLuminus efficacy = 80 to 95 lm/WEln or EM BallasHallophosphates ou triphosphorsMature Product

UMR 5213

Residential sector has a major importance

Residential sector has a major importance

Industriel14%

Tertiaire51%

Urbain4%

Résiden.31%

16 TWh

200 TWh

Average Luminous efficacy of the sector

23.7 lm/W(from 11.5 to 64 lm/W)

Energ

y

(MW

h/c

apit

a/a

nnum

)

GDP/capita (2000k$/an)

Résiden.30%

Urbain10%

Tertiaire &

Industriel60%

UMR 5213

Residential sector is complex…Residential sector is complex…

Some barriers to overcomeSome barriers to overcome Consumer dislikes classic CFL shapes, and, CFLs misfit often to “design” luminaries

Consumer dislikes colour temperature & rendering of CFLs

Good quality CFLs are (still) expensive, and, inexpensive CFLs aren’t (very often) reliable

Return time is short, but “diluted” and not directly “observable”

Plug & Play (integral) CFLs aren’t dimmable

Consumer need all light instantaneously, but CFLs need time to warm-up

CFL dislikes rapid (or random) ON-OFF cycle and is incompatible with presence detectors

CFL power supply dislikes mains voltage fluctuations (this is important for developing countries)

CFL aren’t “really green” products (mercury)…

Quality and labelling are major issuesQuality and labelling are major issues

A

UMR 5213

Many of these arguments are obsolete…

Many of these arguments are obsolete…

Colours

Shapes

Dimming

Luminaires

Efficacy may be affected Lifespan can be shorter Control can be complex

UMR 5213

CFLs are really “green”CFLs are really “green”H

g (

mg

)

0

10

20

30

40

50

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Hg

-do

sin

g (

mg

)

year

Less & less Hginside FLs & CFLs

Environmental impactof CFLs

China

EU-RoHS and lampRecycling avoids that…

UMR 5213

Proposed equivalence: 1 : 4 10 W CFL 40 W Incand.

15 W CFL 60 W Incand.25 W CFL 100 W Incand.

=

GLS - CFL equivalence has to be revised…

GLS - CFL equivalence has to be revised…

Luminous flux is only an indicator.

Human eye is sensitive to the brightness

IntegralCFL

Look alikeCFL A transparent GLS is 150-200 times

brighter than an “equivalent” CFL

UMR 5213

0,5 %

0,7 %

22,4 %

Impact on energy consumption from 2006 to 2030

Impact on energy consumption from 2006 to 2030

0,7 %

0,5 %

13,5 %

PowerLight

0,7 %

2,0 %

9,0 %

2030

163

28

1575106015

51460

100

0,6

24,8

2030

163

38

7030

06015

N/A1460

N/A

1,7

33,1

2030

163

28

5545

06015

N/A1460

N/A

1,0

24,8

- 30%+16%

Basic

+31%+55%

Consumerist

- 54%+16%

Green

UMR 5213

Some advices…Some advices…

Urban

Commercial

Tertiairy &Industrial

Residential

Domain Energie Savings CO2 savings per annum

CMHL

UMR 5213

Light emitting diodes: the light sources of future?

Light emitting diodes: the light sources of future?

But this is another story…