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Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy eere.energy.gov

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Zia Haq – U.S. Department of Energy Biomass Program

Biofuels Activities at DOE


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Global Biofuels Utilization

• Global transportation markets consumed 24 billion gallons of biofuels in 20091

– sugarcane-based ethanol (primarily Brazil)– starch-based ethanol (primarily U.S.) – biodiesel (soybean in U.S. and Brazil, and rapeseed in Europe)

• U.S. biofuels production in 2010– 13 billion gallons of starch-based ethanol – 310 million gallons of soybean based biodiesel

• U.S. transportation sector demand in 20101

– U.S. Crude oil and petroleum products supplied was 294 billion gallons

– U.S. motor gasoline supplied was 138 billion gallons– U.S. diesel fuel supplied was 58 billion gallons – U.S. jet fuel supplied was 22 billion gallons 1EIA Data


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U.S. Biofuel Production, Consumption, and Trade

Ethanol Production

(mgy)

Ethanol Consumption

(mgy)

Ethanol Imports (mgy)

2005 3,904

4,059

136

2006 4,884

5,481

731

2007 6,521

6,886

439

2008 9,309

9,683

530

2009

10,938 11,037

198

2010

13,231 13,189

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Biodiesel Production

(mgy)

Biodiesel Consumption

(mgy)

Net Imports (mgy)*

2005

91

91

0

2006

250

261

10

2007

490

358

-132

2008

678

316

-362

2009

506

317

-189

2010

311

222

-82

The U.S. biofuels market is primarily a domestic market with a small portion of demand being supplied by imports mainly from Brazil


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Sustainable Biofuels, Biopower, and Bioproducts

The Biomass Program is working to advance biomass technologies in support of DOE’s mission to strengthen America’s energy security,

environmental quality, and economic vitality through:

Feedstocks

Improving conversion

efficiencies and costs

Evaluating vehicle

emissions, performance,

and deployment

options

Providing a clean,

domestic, dispatchable

renewable source of power

Expanding portfolio beyond

cellulosic ethanol to

hydrocarbon fuels

Developing lower cost feedstock logistics systems

Conversion technologies

Systematically validating and

deploying technology at first-of-a-kind

facilities

Infrastructure Biopower Advanced biofuels

Integrated biorefineries


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Exploring Multiple Routes to Biomass

R E

F I

N I

N G

Platforms

FeedstockProduction& Logistics

• Energy crops

• Waste Streams

• Algae

Ethanol

Butanol

Olefins

Aromatics

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet

Heat and Power

Co or By Products

Power

Pyrolysis Oil Platform

Syngas Platform

LiquidBio-oil

Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Sugars Fermentation

Cellulosic Sugar Platform

Algal and other Bio-Oils

Transesterification Catalytic Upgrading

Research on multiple conversion pathways aims to improve the efficiency and economics of biofuels production.

ProductsFeedstocks

Fast Pyrolysis

Gasification

Lipid (Oil) Platform

Raw syngas

Filtration & Clean-up

Upgrading


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Energy Security: Liquid Fossil Fuel Displacement

Source: Energy Information Administration, “Oil: Crude Oil and Petroleum Products Explained” and AEO2009, Updated February 2010, Reference Case.

• Below E10, refiners can adapt

• Somewhere above E10, problems arise:– Refiners shift gasoline to lower-value products– Reduced crude runs reduce diesel / jet supply– Refinery balance can be disrupted (aromatics,

H2, light / heavy, heat / process integration, etc.)

• Foreseeable capacity ~100% ethanol:– Conv. RF will be ethanol (mostly corn)– Adv. NCRF will be ethanol (mostly cane)– Adv. CRF will initially be ethanol (cellulosic)– Limited biodiesel & renewable diesel from veg

oils and waste fats & oil

• No single hydrocarbon is a panacea:– Paraffin vs. aromatic– Single component (volatility)– Acceptability as “contaminant” in other fuels– Combustion behavior– Refinery adaptability


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Biomass Program’s Integrated Biorefinery Project Portfolio

For more information visit: http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/integrated_biorefineries.html


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• 11 integrated biorefinery projects are investigating hydrocarbons from biomass resources:

– Flambeau – New Page – Haldor – GTI – REII – Elevance – Solazyme – ClearFuels – Amyris – Sapphire – UOP.

• GTI and REII are R&D projects.• 9 projects are pilot,

demonstration and commercial scale.

DOE Biomass Program and Hydrocarbon Fuels

For more information visit: http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/integrated_biorefineries.html


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Integrated Biorefinery Status

• Investments broadened to include more hydrocarbon fuels, diverse biomass feedstocks, and geographical diversity:Over $1B in DOE investments in 29 IBR projects

»11 hydrocarbon fuels - $326M »16 cellulosic ethanol - $703M»1 butanol - $30M»1 succinic acid - $50M

• These projects represent up to 170 million gallons in planned capacity of biofuels and products by 2014, with an industry cost share of about $2.5Bm, including loan guarantees


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• Diamond Green Diesel, LLC joint venture between Valero Energy Corp., and Darling International Inc. facility in Norco, Louisiana, - $241 million

• Feedstocks: animal fats, used cooking oil, and other waste grease streams. Product: 137 million gallons/year of renewable diesel.

• 700 jobs during construction and 60 jobs during operation

• First application of UOP hydrotreating/isomerization process known as EcofiningTM and a pre-treatment process from Desmet Ballestra Group.

• Reduce greenhouse gases by more than 80% compared to fossil based diesel

DOE Conditional Commitment for a Loan Guarantee for Advanced Biofuels Plant


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National Advanced Biofuels Consortium: Biorefinery Integration

• Three possible insertion points• Develop new technologies that use today’s infrastructure


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Algae Portfolio

15%

9%

10%65%

Lignocellulosic R&D

Algae R&D

Algae De-ployment

Lignocellulosic Deployment

Sustainability

*2010 appropriations and ARRA funds

• Feedstock production and crop protection

• Energy efficient harvesting and drying

• Extraction, conversion, and product purification

• Siting and sustainability of resources

• Co-products

• Techno-economic modeling

$178M

Pilot-scale raceway ponds, courtesy of Cellana LLC

Pilot-scale photobioreactor systems, courtesy of ASU

Algae Investment is Significant


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• Office of Biomass Program- www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/

• 2011 Biomass Program Review – http://www.obpreview2011.govtools.us/

• Alternative Fuels Data Center- www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/ethanol.html

• Bioenergy Feedstock Information Network - bioenergy.ornl.gov/

• Biomass R&D Board – www.biomassboard.gov

• Grant Solicitations - www.grants.gov and www.fedconnect.net

• Office of Science – www.science.doe.gov/

• Loan Guarantee Program Office – www.lgprogram.energy.gov

Information Resources

http://www.eere.energy.gov/biomass/

energy efficiency & renewable energyeere.energy.gov 1 zia haq – u.s. department of energy...

Documents

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