SEPS project summary: ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF CITY STREET LIGHTING IN INDIA (SEPS_Summary_Lighting_India_SB037.pdf)

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Location: Pune, India

Technology: Efficient lightning technology

Costs: Total: �€94.000

WISIONS financial support: �€40.400

CO2 Reduction: Saving potential in the public lightning sector

in Pune ca. 27.700.000 kg CO2/year

Partners Involved: The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)

(www.teriin.org)

Duration: 03/2006-03/2007

 

   

Picture: TERI

   

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF CITY STREET LIGHTING IN INDIA

PROJECT’S AIM: TO DEMONSTRATE THE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL WHICH EXISTS IN CITY STREET LIGHTING SYSTEM BY RETROFITTING A PART OF EXITING STREET LIGHTING SYSTEM

City street lighting in India has never been designed, operated or maintained very efficiently. As a result the energy consumption for city street lighting in India is very high. In the past efficient lightning technology had not been a viable option because it had to be imported and was expensive. But new energy efficient lighting equipment and good controls are now available on the Indian market. Thus the main objective of this project was to demonstrate the energy saving potentials which exists in city street lighting system. By retrofitting parts of the exiting street lighting system with more efficient systems the reduction of GHG could be estimated.

The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) implemented the project in collaboration with the Pune municipal corporation (PMC). Different project activities were carried out, starting with data collection of existing city lighting systems in Pune. Various streets were surveyed by the combined team of TERI and PMC and different road stretches

could be identified as project sites. In the next step the optimal lighting schemes were chosen. Using computer simulation tools the schemes were designed to fulfill the lighting requirements set by the lighting standards in India. Afterwards a manufacturer’s meeting was organized at the Pune Municipal Corporation. Manufacturers of lighting fixtures were invited and briefed about the project and information on the best efficient fixtures and controls was collected. After deciding which technology should be used the equipment was procured and installed.

In total 500 existing inefficient fixtures have been replaced with more efficient fixtures fitted with more efficient lamps. These fixtures have multi-tab ballasts so that after mid night when traffic reduces on Indian roads, the fixtures can be dimmed. The lighting level after retrofitting the fixtures were found to be better both in normal and dimmed modes.

TECHNOLOGY, OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE

The installed systems in Pune generally use 70W, 150W and 250W high pressure sodium lamps (HPSV) fitted in inefficient luminaries with no automatic day and night controls. For the new design it was most important that it would consume the minimum of energy. From the efficiency point of view the optimized combination of efficient luminaries would have been an arrangement of judiciously selected overhang, mounting height and tilt angle luminaries. Which would have to be arranged in such a way that poles are installed at the maximum spacing thereby reducing the connected or operating load without compromising the lighting design requirements. However, in retrofit it was nearly impossible to change the pole height and pole spacing since the PMC would had to uproot all the poles, disconnect all wiring and feeder pillar and then install

 

SEPS project summary: ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF CITY STREET LIGHTING IN INDIA (SEPS_Summary_Lighting_India_SB037.pdf)

page 2 of 2

 

new poles, lay new electric wiring through new or existing feeder pillars. So the PMC clearly stated that they want to improve the efficiency level of the city lighting system but without changing the existing poles. So high pressure sodium vapour lamps were selected to optimize the lighting system.

250W-HPSV lamps with 33.000 lumen were used in retrofit lighting scheme of 250W fixture and 150W-HPSV lamps which give 17.500 lumen output were used in retrofit installations of 150W fixtures. The installed HPSV lamps are much more efficient compared to the existing HPSV lamps. All installed fixtures were also fitted with multi-tab ballasts so that a fixture fitted with 250W lamps can operate both at 250W and 150W. Furthermore astronomical switches were installed to automatically vary on/off timings according to seasonal variations during the year.

FINANCIAL ISSUES AND MANAGEMENT:

City lighting load in Pune is approximately 20kW per km of road length. With sustainable city lighting system it would be reduced to 7kW per km. This would save approximately �€3.200 per km per a year. Retrofitting would cost about �€10.500 per km so the payback period would be about 3,3 years. This proves that retrofitting street lightning systems is an attractive option for PMC and other local development authorities.

During this pilot project TERI acted as the technical expert and project manager of the undertaking and PMC was the primary stakeholder and implementing agency. For future project the toughest challenge will be to bring the various stakeholders together in a participatory approach so that they develop a sense of ownership for this kind of venture.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

The share of public lighting on the total electricity consumption in India is only 1%. But based on the data available it has been found that electricity consumption in public lighting system is increasing faster

at a rate of 10% against the 7% incremental rate of total electricity consumption in India.

The actual consumption for public lighting in India is 7,753GWh. With an estimated saving potential of 30% through efficiency improvements 2,326GWh of electricity could be saved. Therewith the emission saving potential in the public lightning sector in India is estimated as high as 1, 9 million tones of CO2/year. In Pune the saving potential in the public lightning sector is estimated to be 27,7 million kg CO2/year.

SOCIAL ISSUES

Enhanced street lighting improves the traffic safety. Further the savings from the improved public lighting systems could be used by the municipality for other purposes for example in the health or education sector.

RESULTS & IMPACT

The installation of the energy efficient street lighting system has been successfully completed on different sample road stretched in the city of Pune. It has been demonstrated that an energy saving potential of about 30% exists in city street lighting in India.

REPLICABILITY

The potential of replication in India is very high, as nearly all public lighting systems installed are very inefficient. The main constraints for replication are the lack of technical expertise in the municipalities and problems to obtain financial resources. Therefore TERI evolved different financing strategies which could help replicate energy-efficient city street lighting solutions. The proposed strategies include energy service companies, financial institutions and the local development authority. Because the key for long-term viability and replicability is to involve all stakeholders.

During the project TERI also developed an optimized lighting design for Indian carriageway widths taking into account

Indian standards. This could be very helpful to Municipal Corporations and other organizations that want to establish efficient lighting schemes for street lighting in India.

LESSONS LEARNED

Financial companies and private energy service companies (ESCOs) are not very keen in working with municipalities. Because the track record of government organizations implementing such projects along with ESCOs is not very good. So TERI decided to bring all stakeholders together in a workshop to turn up a solution which could speed up energy efficiency improvement activities in street lighting in India.

Source: Final Report submitted to WISIONS by TERI

Picture: TERI