energy conversion engine

8/12/2019 Energy Conversion Engine

1/67

ENERGY CONVERSIONENGINE

Teknik Kendaraan Ringan

Semester 1ndClass X

Dasar Kompetensi Kejuruan

SK-KD 3TH


2/67


3/67

Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Combustion Engine Concept


4/67


In general combustion engine in for becoming:

1. Internal of Combustion Engine

Heat engine processing the baking happened initself combustion engine

2. External of Combustion Engine

Heat engine which way of obtaining thedissociation energy of diatomic with bakingprocess outside called as external baking engine

Definition


5/67


Internal Combustion Engine

Compressor

Combustion

Chamber


6/67


External Combustion Engine


7/67Teknologi dan Rekayasa

THREE FACTORS DETERMINING

ENGINE PERFORMANCE

Fuel

Compression Ignition

Work Principle


8/67Teknologi dan Rekayasa

Connecting Rod

Rotational force(torque)

Crankshaft

Force

Piston

Cylinder

CombustionChamber

Spark

Gasoline

Air

Combustion Gas

Work Principle


9/67


Intake

Cycle

1

4 2

3

Exhaust

Combustion

Compression

Work Principle


10/67


2 - cycle 4 - cycle

Cylinder heads

Cylinders

Pistons

Connecting rods

Crankshafts

Camshafts

Valves

Construction


11/67


Engine 4 stroke( tak) be engine which in the

one cycles can yield 1 times energy andfinalized with 4 piston impulse and 2 revolution

crankshaft.

4 Stroke Engine


12/67


INEX

INTAKE STROKE

4 Stroke Engine


13/67


COMPRESSION STROKE

4 Stroke Engine


14/67


EXPANSION STROKE

4 Stroke Engine


15/67


EXHAUST STROKE

4 Stroke Engine


16/67


Engine 2 stroke ( tak) be engine which in the

one cycles can yield 1 times energy andfinalized with 2 piston impulse 1 revolution

crankshaft.

2 Stroke Engine


17/67


1. PISTON MOVE FROMTMB TO TMA

2 Stroke Engine


18/67


2. PISTON MOVE FROMTMA TO TMB

2 Stroke Engine


19/67



2 Stroke Engine


20/67



2 Stroke Engine


21/67


5. PISTON MOVE FROM TMB TO TMA

2 Stroke Engine


22/67


Electric Motor Concept


23/67


Definition

Electromagnetic force ( left hand Fleming Rule )

Biggest electromagnetic force scale when direction

of vertical magnetic field with current, and

increases is proportional with conductor length, bigof current, and magnetic field strength.


24/67


Left Hand Fleming Rule

Relation between direction of magnetic force lines, current and strength

( impulse ) always permanent like shown in to be upper. This connection

called as left hand principle Fleming.

If left hand finger is bended [by] like drawing beside, hence the hand radius

will show different direction.

Thumb : direction of Impulse

Hand finger : direction of Electric current

Forefinger : Magnetic force lines


25/67


Left Hand Fleming Rule

Like shown to drawing, when coil packed into a magnetic

field, current flows with opposite orientation to left side and

right, and magnetic force yielded based on left hand principle

Fleming, so that coil creates impulse to turn around, because

this revolution takes place continuous, hence required by

commutator and brush.


26/67


Base Work

Division which towards conductor cord north pole and whichtowards antartic receives force from vertical direction at the

oposite so that rotary conductor cord. This called as revolution

principle of motor.


27/67


Electric Motor Construction

Armature


28/67


Electric Generator Concept


29/67


Function of electromagnetic induction and

induction of electromotive

Showing above drawing a magnet is movedquickly in a coil.

If magnet moved like that in coil, strain willbe yielded and lamp will blaze. On thecontrary if permanent magnet in place ofhence lamp will die.


30/67


A phenomenon so-called right hand law happened betweenmagnetic force lines directions, conductor residing in depthmoved and direction of induction electromotive force (direction of electric current ).

Like shown to drawing, if electrical hand finger is bended [by]hence forefinger will show direction of magnetic force lines,thumb shows direction of conductor impulse and hand fingershows direction of induction electromotive force.

Right Hand Rule


31/67


Level of electromotive force changes isproportional with elements following:

Magnetic force strength

Conductor length ( magnetic inductionincreases if length to increase)

Speed of rotary conductor

Electromotive force


32/67


Rectification of Electromotive force

To yield continuous electromotive force, conductormust continuously protected from magnetic flux.

This thing can be reached by the way of makingrotary conductor in magnetic field or with magnetand conductor in a state of keeping quiet in place.


33/67


Rectification of Electromotive force

An alternating current generator usuallyapplied to yield energy. When rotary coil ata speed of permanent in magnetic field,electromotive force at fickle coil.

Electromotive force yielded in this way iscalled as alternating current electromotive

force. If this electricity applied as it is (alternating current ) hence called asalternating current generator.


34/67


Generator

When rotary power wheel,magnetic flux in peripateticstator with impulserepeatedly, so that strain ACinduceed in lighting coil orcharging coil.

Direct alternating currentapplied for equipments usingsource of electricity AC like

headlight. While to fillingbattery, alternating currentexperiences concurrent bydiode before doingimpregnation.


35/67


Fluid Pump Concept


36/67


Definition

Pump is one of functioning engine type toremove fluid from a place to place wanted.

The fluid the example is water, oil orlubricating oil, and other fluid of which is

compress not able to.


37/67


Pump Mechanism

Water Reservoir

Electric motor

Pressure

pipe

Pump

Inlet pipe

Water

source


38/67


Pump Work Principle

Exhaust flow

Inlet flow

Pump

House

Shaft


39/67


How To Work

Pump shaft will rotate if the rotaryactuator.

Because rotary pump shaft of impeller with

rotary impeller blades

The fluid in it will rotate so that accentualand the speed rising and thrown frommiddle pumped to passage which is in theform of volut or spiral then out throughnozzle


40/67


How To Work

Function of pump impeller is change mechanical energy that is revolution

of impeller becomes fluid dissociation energy of diatomic ( fluid).


41/67


Pump Classification

Based on Impeller


42/67


Pump Classification

Based on House Pump


43/67


Pump Classification

Based on Inlet

ShaftTwo Inlet flow

One Inlet

flow


44/67


Pump Classification

One level Pump

Pump Shaft Bearing

House Pump

Pressure Part

Inlet Part


45/67


Compresor Concept


46/67


Compressor is Compress device or aircompression equally compressor is compressedair producer.

Because compression process, air has higherlevel dividing valve

Compared to area air pressure (1 atm).

Definition


47/67


Construction

Air Exhaust

Cylinder

Inlet valve Exhaust valve

V-belt

Air Tank


48/67


Inlet StrokeCompressor inlet air because dividing valvein platen lower than 1 atm

How To Work

Exhaust

valve

Connecting

rod

Inlet

valve

Cylinder


49/67


Compression StrokeAir in compressor is compression, pressureand air temperatur increase

How To Work


50/67


Exhaust StrokeBecause compress atmospheric pressure,valve to external opened and compressed airout cylindrical

How To Work


51/67


Classification


52/67


Vane Compressor

Compressor Type

Shaft


53/67


Root Type Compressor

Compressor Type

External RootDrive

Shaft


54/67


Screw or PitchType Compressor

Compressor Type

Drive shaft

Air Pressure Flow

Pitch


55/67


Single WorkPistonCompressor

Compressor Type

Main

Bearing

Crankshaft


56/67


Double Work Piston Compressor

Compressor Type


57/67


1 Level Centrifugal Compressor

Compressor Type

Bearing

Blade

Shaft

Compressor House


58/67


Multi Level Compressor

Compressor Type

Air Compression

Out

Bearing

Axis

Air Intake

Many blade


59/67


Atmosphere filler at bicycle tubed tire or carImpurity sprayer at machine partsBrake at bus and TrainPneumatic door at bus and Train

Atmosphere donor at aquariumFans for air conditionerBlower for stove blowerFan ventilatorCompressed air at paintingMobile hoist pneumatis Transportasi gas

solid pneumatically at chemical industry

Air Compression Usage


60/67


Refrigeration Concept


61/67


Definition

Refrigeration engine in general applied for airconditioning a room, housing or industry, so

that each and everyone is residing in atruagan will feel balmy.

This device usualy is called as with AirConditioning


62/67


Component

Compressor

Compressor is as circulation refrigerant actuator to.

Condenser

Condenser functions to throw away calorie from arearefrigerant

Expansion valve

Expansion valve is functioning device refrigerantexpansion to so that its(the dividing valve is

downwards. Evaporator

Evaporator is place where calorie from area ispermeated to be used vaporization of refrigerant.

C


63/67


Component

H T k


64/67


How To work

Refrigerant is in the form

of semi liquid

Refrigerant is made cool

so that is in the form of

liquid

Compressor functions

circulation of refrigerantto in system

Change refrigerant from

fluid to gas

Refrigerant in evaporatorpermeates temperature

from the air passing it

H T k


65/67


How To work

Condition of Refrigerant

Low Pressure

High

Pressure

R f i t


66/67


Refrigerant

Refrigerant 12 or R 12 many used athousehold refrigerating machine and Acautomobile

Refrigerant 22. Its(the more characteristicmenguntunkan compared to R12 so that R

22 many used for substitution R12 forrefrigeration engine


67/67

energy conversion engine

Documents