energy conservation &climate changes

8/7/2019 ENERGY CONSERVATION &CLIMATE CHANGES

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By

Vinod & Samba


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ENERGY:a thermodynamic quantityequivalent to thecapacity of a physical

system to do work

CONSERVATION:an occurrence ofimprovement by a virtueof preventing loss or

injury or other change


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Renewable EnergyRenewable Energy

Renewable energycan be generatedcontinuously

practically withoutdecay of source.

E.g.- Solar Energy.

Wind Energy. Geothermal Energy. Hydro Energy.

Non RenewableNon RenewableEnergyEnerg

y Non renewable

energy cannot be

generated again andagain

e.g. energygenerated fromcombustion of fossilfuels, energy fromcoal and gas etc..


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Oil Biomass Gas Coal Nuclear Renewables

Primary Energy

Liquids

Direct combustion

Industry and

Manufacturing

Mobility

Final Energy

Consumer

Choices

Energy

Energy

Energy

Buildings

Power

Generation


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We have limited fuelsavailable on earth.

Our demand for energyis increasing day-by-day.

It is possible thatsomeday, most of fuelswill be exhausted, andwe will have to switchover to alternate

energy.


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How toHow toConserveConserveEnergyEnerg

y If you own your own home, consider

installing insulation or investing in asolar hot water heater.

If you need to use air conditioning,avoid turning the thermostat on to very

cold settings. When the system worksharder, it uses significantly more

energy.

Buy green power. Most energysuppliers give you the option ofsourcing a proportion of your energyfrom renewable sources.

Check the star ratings on appliances. You will save money as well as energy.

Simple Tips toSimp

le Tips toConserveConserveEnergyEnerg

y switch off fridges that are not in

use turn off power points at the

source use cold water in the washing

machine turn off lights when not in use


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..also


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Global climate is swiftly changing,with poorly known consequencesfor biodiversity and human wellbeing.

In the last 90 years Earths mean

temperature rose 0.6 , a rate of

increase that has not been seen in10,000 years.

To facilitate reaching a globalscientific consensus, theIntergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change (IPCC) wasformed, whose third AssessmentReport (IPCC 2001a) proposed theglobal rises in mean yearlytemperature of the past 50 yearswere primarily due to global risesin anthropogenically produced

greenhouse gases.8


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Changes in: Suns output Earths orbit

Drifting continents

Volcanic eruptions

Greenhouse gases


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Scientists have a goodScientists have a good

understanding of what hasunderstanding of what has

changed earths climate in thechanged earths climate in the

past:past:

Incoming solar radiation is the main climate driver. Itsenergy output increased about 0.1% from 1750 to 1950,increasing temperatures by 0.2F (0.1C) in the first part of

the 20th

century. But since 1979, when we began takingmeasurements from space, the data show no long-termchange in total solar energy, even though Earth has beenwarming.

Repetitive cycles in Earths orbit that occur over tens of

thousands of years can influence the angle and timing ofsunlight.

In the distant past, drifting continents make a bigdifference in climate over millions of years by changing icecaps at the poles and by altering ocean currents, which

transport heat and cold throughout the ocean depths.


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Extinctions:To date, there have beenonly two extinctionsdirectly attributable toclimate change, thegolden toad and

harlequin frog in CostaRicaThe abundance ofzooplankton(microscopic animalsand immature stages ofmany species) hasdeclined by 80% off theCalifornia coast.

This decline has beenrelated to thegradual warming ofsea surfacetemperature.

ANIMALS IN DANGER DUETO CLIMATIC CHANGES

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Arctic sea ice melting faster than predicted. Fossil fuel emissions exceeded most IPCC

projections. Are assumptions about global energy use are too

optimistic?

How quickly can developing countries reduce

GHG emissions? Calculations dont include unexpected melting

in Greenland and Antarctica.


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Sea-level rise projections : a few inches to a few feet

2 ft: U.S. would lose 10,000 square miles3 ft: Would inundate MiamiAffects erosion, loss of wetlands, freshwater

supplies

Half of the worlds population lives along coastsBig question: Ice sheets


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1. Produce more fuel-efficient vehicle

2. Reduce vehicle use3. Improve energy-efficiency in

buildings

4. Develop carbon capture andstorage processes

5. Triple nuclear power6. Increase solar power

7. Decrease deforestation/plantforests

8. Improve soil carbon managementstrategies


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Climate change policy differs a great deal fromother environmental issues because of its globalscale and because of its implications for wide-reaching economic adjustments.

The Montreal protocol sought to limit theproduction of industrial chemicals that destroystratospheric ozone.

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Warming of the climate system is unequivocal

Very high confidence that global average net effect of human activities since1750 one of warming

Human-caused warming over last 30 years has likely had a visible influence

on many physical and biological systems

Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further

warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the

21st century that would very likely be larger than those observed during


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We should discuss energy conservation with ourfriends and tell others how can we reduce energyconsumption,climatic changes.

energy conservation &climate changes

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