enbe final ( riven proposal 0


CONTENT 1. Introduction 3

2. City 4-6

3. Investigation & Data Collection: Ancient and old city/town 7-8

4. Investigation & Data Collection: The Present city/town 9-10

5. Investigation & Data Collection: The Future and Better Township 11-14

6. The X-city 15

7. Firgo 16-24

8. Conclusion 25

9. Reference 26


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Introduction 1. PROJECT:

This is our final project of ENBE in semester one . The individual part of this project , which is part A , is to investigate and understand the content related to “city” and “the build environment” plus to propose a better future city .

2. CITY

For the demographic definition , City define by four characteristic which is

1. Permanence2. Large population size3. High population density4. Social heterogeneity

How a city can be count as liveable or sustainable?

A sustainable city should have the following component :

1. social space;

2. talent attraction and retention as well as economic dynamism; and,

3. the overall amenability of local governments to the development of a progressive economy.

4. protection of the environment;

5. maintenance of a diverse economy;


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6. provision of accessibility through land use;

7. delivery of services for residents and businesses;

8. housing choices;

9. balanced city budget;

3) URBAN PLANNING

Urban planning is a techinic that to control the uses of land, create the urban environment including communication , transportation and network which will not effect of polluted the nature environment.

Importance of urban planning

Protection of environment :

to maintain the natural resource avalible in urban area , minimize the pollution of human activities.

Health population :

make the urban area more conductive for human occupation

Sustainable infrastructure :

transportation planning to avoid traffic jam develop a suitable infrastructure can serve the population of the city.


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The specialization of urban planning

1. Community Development2. Land Use & Code Enforcement3. Transportation Planning4. Environmental/Natural Resources Planning5. Economic Development6. Urban Design7. Planning Management/Finance8. Housing9. Parks & Recreation10. Historic Preservation11. Community Activism/Empowerment

City on land next to river

It sounds gorgeous live near to a watercourse , however, there are a few of responsibility to protect the river / watercourse :

1. Responsibility to pass on flow without obstruction, pollution or diversion affecting the rights of others.


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2. Accept flood flows through their land, even if caused by inadequate capacity downstream. There is no common law for a landowner to improve the drainage capacity of a watercourse

3. Maintain the bed and banks of the watercourse (including trees and shrubs growing on the banks) and for clearing any debris, natural or otherwise, including litter and animal carcasses, even if it did not originate from their land.

4. Must not cause any obstructions either temporary or permanent that would prevent the free passage of fish.

5. Responsible for keeping the bed and banks clear from any matter that could cause an obstruction either on their land or by being washed away by high flow to cause an obstruction at a structure downstream. Rivers and their banks should not be used for the disposal of any form of garden or other waste.

6. Must keep any structures clear of debris. These structures include culverts, trash screens, weirs and mill gates.

7. The responsibility for protecting the property from seepage through natural or man-made banks. Where such seepage threatens the structural integrity of a flood defence it may become the concern of the Environment Agency.


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INVESTIGATION AND DATA COLLECTION :

(A) ANCIENT CITY

PING YAO-CHINA:Ping Yao City is located at the end of the alluvial fan resulting from the confluence of the Hui Ji and Liu Gen rivers.

The area enclosed is 2.25 km2 , comprising six large temple complexes, administrative offices for county and municipal administrations, and other public buildings as well as office buildings.

The Ancient City of Ping Yao is a complete building complex including ancient walls, streets and lanes, shops, dwellings and

temples. Nearly 4,000 existing shops and traditional dwellings in the town which are grand in form and exquisite in ornament bear witness to Ping Yao’s economic prosperity over a century.

Pingyao occupies an important place in the financial history of modern China. It was the location of the Shanxi Commerce and Rishengchang Piaohao, a kind of banking firm dealing mainly in the transfer of money. The now-defunct firm is considered to be the predecessor of modern banks in China. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, along with the development of economy and commerce, several large commercial firms of Shanxi


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Province opened branches outside the province, thus establishing a trans-regional business network. The circulation of commodities and the transfer of money gave rise to the piaohao.

City wall

The city wall of Ping Yao is about 12 metres high ,and with a circumference of 6,163 meters. It was built since 1370. In fact Ping Yao’s city wall the best-preserved ancient city wall in China. Because of the 12 metre high of the wall, producing a rather splendid appearance. In the downtown, with the County Administrative Building as its center, four major streets, eight small streets and 72 lanes form a large pattern of the Eight Diagrams.

Major constructions are distributed in an orderly fashion left and right, with the Temple of the Town God in the left part of the city corresponding to the county governmental office in the right, the Confucian Temple in the left corresponding to the Guandi Temple worshipping Guan Yu in the right, and the Qingxu Taoist Temple in the left corresponding to Buddhist Temple in the right.


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(B) PRESENT CITY

SHANG HAI-CHINA:

Shang-hai is one of the metropolis of the fatest economic growths nowadays . It is located bisected by the Huangpu River namely the Puxi and Pudong areas . Puxi is the west side of the river : Pudong is the east side of the river . Hong Qiao international airport is located at Puxi and the the new financial district and Pudong Airport .

The population of this busy city Is about 1000,000 people more than had been projected by local authorities.

Decentralized Employment:

To avoid unemployment rate increase , developed a decentralized employment base, despite having one of the world's largest central

business districts, with 1.25 million jobs.

Shanghai's Urban Expansion:

Shanghai continues to expand in virtually every direction. It is likely that Shanghai's urbanization will mean that of Kunshan, an urban area of nearly 1.5 million people located in the Suzhou Prefecture of Jiangsu.


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Shanghai Geographical Features:

Most parts of the Shanghai area are flat and belong to the alluvial plain of the Yangtze River delta except for a few hills lying in the southwest corner.

Water Resources:

Shanghai area is known for its rich water resources, because dotted with many rivers and lakes . The ice-free Huangpu River is the main waterway in the Shanghai area.

Culture:

Shanghai Culture is original from Traditional Chinese Culture and melted with the Wu and Yue Dynasty Culture, and with a deep affected by Western Culture. Shanghai created a new regional culture, with its unique characteristic, we call it Shanghai Regional Culture . The basic characteristic of this culture are more opening, creative and diversity.

Central Shanghai

There two area of central Shanghai which is Pudong (east of the Huangpu River) and Puxi (west of the Huangpu river).Pudong is the zoning of special economic zone of banks, skyscrapers and new residential compounds. The bunds lies on the historic Puxi side of the Huangpu River and looks across to the new skyline of Pudong business district. West of the old town and hidden in the backstreets north and south of Huaihai Road (Shanghai's premier shopping street) is the Former French Concession , with tree-lined streets, 1930s architecture, cafes and bars.


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(C) FUTURE CITY: In future, our city may become over population, pollution , too many cars . There are some future city concept which tried to overcome this problem .

1.Car –Free city in China

Nowadays, China is facing some of the worst pollution problem. China is working with Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture to create the Great City complex in Chengdu. - is creating a totally car-free city from scratch, building a new urban center around a high-rise core housing 80,000 people. Great City, planned for a rural area outside Chengdu, will be entirely walkable and surrounded by green space. Getting from the center to the outer ring of parks on foot takes just ten minutes. Other nearby urban centers will be accessible via mass transit. The city will use 48% less energy and 58% less water than a more conventional city of the same size, and will produce 89% less landfill waste.


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2.Masdar, World’s First Zero-Carbon City

The world’s most sustainable metropolis – with no cars or skyscrapers allowed – is currently under construction in the desert outside Abu Dhabi. Masdar, the

world’s first zero-carbon, zero waste city, will feature a public rapid transit system in place of personal automobiles, and will be fueled by solar, wind and geothermal power. Giant ‘sunflower umbrellas’ designed for the city center will provide movable shade during the

day, store heat, and then close and release heat at night.

And the transportation of the city will be the solar-powered programmable vehicle that have six seats and keep streets congestion free. The latest development to spring from the city’s up welling of green tech is a futuristic transit system that will serve the city’s six square kilometres. Masdar‘s ultra-efficient city plan makes no allowances for fossil fuel vehicles, favoring a new breed of mass transit – a personal rapid transit system. “You program what station you want to go to, and [the vehicle] will directly take you to that station . . . If you look at things like Blade Runner, etc., that we had 15 years ago, it’s really bringing that to the fore now,” says Scott McGuigan of CH2M Hill, the construction firm that’s building Masdar City


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3.Shan-Shui City

‘Shan-shui city’ means that the city of mountains and water. This project will be built in guiyang.The design concept of this city is the ancient times of the mountain-water worship, followed by wu zixu’s idea (5th century BC) of locating cities by observing the earth and examining the water, and the emperors’ locating cities on the strategic place of the surrounding natural environment for defense.

Shan-shui city is one of the unique spatial planning concepts in the china’s history, with implications on urban sustainability. it combines the urban construction and the natural environment which is mainly composed of the mountains (shan) and the water (shui). the tight integration of architecture-landscape-city is the core of the traditional chinese city design theory and methodology.

This is one of our latest projects; located in guiyang. it again has mountains, water, though artificially made, but giving people a feeling of a layered environment. it is a new town, a new CBD, with new high-rises, even new twin towers, for the client likes the twin towers in kuala lumpur, so he has to have it.


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“we think this kind of CBD has nothing to do with

humanity, it has no public space for people, without

bridges, platforms or waters, without spaces people can

see each other and can gather around. my idea is to

insert communication spots based on the landscape and

weave together these individual parts, architecture and

nature in this large-scale mixed-use building. whatever it

is, people hesitate to adopt this networking system in the

large buildings, they hate large buildings, for they think this kind of buildings are not

humane and represent only some authorities, but in terms of sharing, openness and

density, the city is the better choice and high-density is unavoidable, it is here that my

thinking brings us to this idea of the ‘shan-shui city’.” - Ma Yansong


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THE X-CITY X-City is facing a lot of problems that it no longer liveable such as over population, global warming, limited fresh water, lack of natural source and so on.

Overpopulation:

In past, “X”city used to be a city that is full of natural resource, many open space for nature, non-polluted natural elements .However , because of the high population , pollution problems are getting serious , price increase of food,many people dead because of the drought.

AgriculttureThe development of city is decreasing the open space of nature. Beside, the air pollution is causing the acid rain . The soil is acidic , and there is left a little farmable land. The only food resource is import from other country because the city does not produce enough food to meet the demand of its people.Therefore, there is high cost living because of the price increase of food.

Social:There are different races in “x” city . The main races of the city is Chinese, Malay and Indian. Beside , there are different culture and religion of each race .

Transportation and networkingExtreme traffic problem inside the city. The growth of car sales is higher than the city’s population growth of about 1.5% every year. Imagine over 600,000 cars added to existing roads every year. But the public transportation system has not been able to catch up with development.


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FIRGOFirgo is an city city that located on land next to a river and surrounded by rainforest. Human need tree to survive, because of the air . Thus, a city on land next to river which is surrounded by forest is the best choice for the people from “X”-city because it can provide a green space and good air condition.

Pros :

Abundant sunlight

Nutrition soil near the river which is farmable .

Fresh water resource from the river

The air and weather condition is good because the city surrounded by forest

Can use renewable energy as the electrical resource such as solar energy and hydroelectricity.

By using the renewable energy, the ecosystem will not be disturb because there is no pollution .

Cons:

The flood will occur while the raining season , because the water level is increase.

Lost easily while need to go out from the city because it is surrounded by forest.

DESIGN CONCEPTThe design concept of FIRGO is the sustainability of city . The sustainable development of city is more consider to the use of renewable energy resources and sustainable agriculture or forestry practices because to a preserve the environment . A lot of green space is provided inside the city to maintain the quality of air.


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Pattern of the city

The surrounding shape of the city is combination of irregular circle and the centre of the city is scalene triangle. There are five irregular circle and combined to become five main region.

Reason

Firgo is made up by irregular circle and scalene triangle because of a few reasons :

1. Compare with others shape, circle is provide the most spaces to develop a city.To develop a sustainable city, must have a wide land .

2. The irregular of circle is because to adopt the environment (forest and river).3. The centre of the city is in scalene triangle shape is because of the combined

of the five main region, this shape is occupy the most spaces to develop.

Shape of city


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SECTION VIEW OF CITY

PERSPECTIF VIEW OF CITY


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STRUCTURE

the centre of city is surround by the five main region, and the whole city is surround by forest. The upper left of the city is facing the river. The city is located at the lower reaches of riverside . The land of city which is near by the river the flood control structures are designed to protect known flood hazard areas up to a certain limit.

Zoning

The city have five main region which is the commercial and business area, agriculture area, industrial area, education area, residential area ,services area and government building. The centre of the city will be the energy generation area.


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Commercial and Business area

The jetty is on the upper side of this area .The hotel is in the between of the commercial building is to provide the convenient to traveller , beside, it also provide the good economy revenue.

Agriculture area

The farming area is using the technic of ripple effect to cultivate crops. It looks like ladder because to saving the use of land .

Industrial area

It is surrounded by trees to minimize the sound pollution to the environment. It is opposite the agriculture area because it will decrease the time transport of crops to the industry, and it is benefit to the product that made by fresh crops.

Education area and residential area

Education building is opposite the residential area is to provide the convenient to the student .

Services area

The services area are including the hospital, fitness centre . It is next to the region of residential area and government building.

Government building

The assessment to the government building will be secure by the army.

Power station and water filtering

It is located in centre of the city because the electrical energy and water will be transport to the main region.


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PLAN VIEW OF CITY

UNDERGROUND CITY PLAN


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Underground of the city

The underground of city contain the subway ,electric and water store station and waste management .

Transportation

There are two kind of public transport in city, which is bicycle and personal pod transport. Both of it are eco-friendly which will no produce carbon. The personal pod transport in underground and the bicycle lane is on the ground

PERSONAL POD TRANSPORT:

The vehicles are set to run beneath the city like a subway minus the tracks, creating an aboveground infrastructure that is pedestrian-friendly and free from gridlock. Ease and efficiency are key features, since the programmable cars can take you anywhere you need to go, and energy won’t be expended running multiple railways on off-

peak hours. Roughly 1,500 stations are planned, and no point in the city will be more than 200 meters from the system.


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The lane of personal pod transport , electrical and water transfer lane.(underground)

Bicycle lane (on ground)


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Energy resource

The energy resource of the city is wind and solar. It is renewable and it will not polluted the environment . The energy will be collected by the windmill and the solar building , then transfer to the power store station which is in underground . Each region will have the storage of the energy. But the size of the store station are different because the different size of the region. When the energy is collected, the energy will be transfer to the store station directly. Water ,after filter, the water will transfer to the store station.

Waste management

Each region will have the storage of the waste water and waste. The waste water will filtering apparatus inside the storage and reuse again .On the other hand, the waste will decompose inside the storage by using the bio-chemical. After decompose, it will become the fertilizer to benefit the farming.


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Conclusion: The environment issue is most important. Human cannot living without trees . In past,

people more to the functional development , but nowadays the environment issue

should be the first consideration of the sustainable city. In past, the development is

more to the functional development , but nowadays, people start to realise the

important of nature’s space within the functional development.


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References :1. http://crcresearch.org/case-studies/case-studies-sustainable-infrastructure/

land-use-planning/what-makes-a-city-liveable

2. http://elouanmcguir1127.over-blog.com/pages/importance-of-urban-planning-

7753398.html

3. http://www.mcgill.ca/urbanplanning/planning

4. https://www.floodsmart.gov/floodsmart/pages/flooding_flood_risks/dams.jsp

5. http://www.chinafocustravel.com/tours/travel_guide/291

6. http://history.cultural-china.com/en/52History8160.html

7. http://wideurbanworld.blogspot.com/2011/02/what-is-city-definitions-of-

urban.html

8. http://www.shanghaihighlights.com/essential/

9. http://indulgd.com/car-free-city-plans-emerge-in-chinas-chengdu-great-city-

project/

10.http://www.designboom.com/architecture/mad-architects-shan-shui-city-

guiyang-china/


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enbe final ( riven proposal 0

Design

urban planning urban

sustainable city

better future city

enbe final project

final project of enbe

urban environment

transportation planning

hasnira fnbe