EMPHATIC DOOlumlu cümlelerde vurgulama ( do / does / did)

She thinks he doesn't love her, but he does love her. He really does!

You do look pretty in that new outfit! Quite stunning!

Are you all right? You do look a bit pale. Do please sit down.

I don't see very much of my old friends now, but I do still email them.

Was that a joke? I do believe you're teasing me!

• Nearly every one was away on holiday, but I did manage to see Brenda.•

I don't play very much sport now, but I did play a lot of tennis when I was younger.•

I'm so worried at the moment that I don't' sleep well at night, but I did manage to sleep for six hours, last night.

PAST CONTINOUS TENSE

• WAS / WERE + V inga) this time last year, this time last winter, at this hour yesterday,

yesterday at 3 o’clockb) Geçmişte bir eylemi, başlangıç ve bitiş zamanını belirtiyorsak e.g. I was working in the garden from 10 a.m to 1 p.m.c) Geçmişte tamamladığımız bir eylem değil de sözü edilen zamanda yapmakta olduğumuzu anlatırsakWhat were you doing when the fire broke out ?

d) know, think, look, seem, sound ….. (non-progressive verbs) kullanılmazI already knew the news about him.

e) Geçmişteki alışkanlıklarımızı ya da sık sık yaptığımız eylemleri Simple Past Tense ile anlatırız.I went to the cinema very often when I was at university.

WHEN - WHILE

• When + Simple Past, Past Continuouse.g. When I saw him, he was trying to learn how to ride a bike.

When + Simple Past, Simple Paste.g. When she finished housework, she had a bath and went to bed.

• While + Past Continuous, Simple Past

• While I was ironing my shirt, I burnt my finger.• (when de kullanılabilir; ancak while daha yaygındır)

• While+ Simple Past, Simple Past (while cümleciği, temel cümledeki eylemle aynı anda olan bir eylemi anlatmak için de kullanılır)• The teacher took down notes while I presented my topic.

• While + Past Continuous, Past Continous• While my husband was watching a match, I was washing the dishes.

While / As / Just As (daha vurgulu)

• While / As she was going up the stairs, she heard a strange noise.• He got bitten by a snake while / as he was walking in the forest.

• Some guests arrived just as I was leaving house.• Just as we changed our mind and started to walk, the bus arrived.

Always, continually, forever ( sürekli tekrarlanan eylemler ve yakınma ifadelerinde kullanılır)

• You were always exaggerating things when we were at highschool.• He was continually looking for a better job.

• Formal requests:• I was wondering if you could give me a lift ?• I was hoping you could give me a hand with the cooking.

PLEASE DO EXERCISE 8

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

a) Zaman vermiyorsakI have lost my key. He has made an appointment with his boss.

I found my key 2 days ago.He had a meeting with his boss yesterday morning.(zaman zarfı kullanmasak da zamanı ima ediyorsak Simple Past)She had a lot of fun on holiday. (now she is back)

• Sonuçları veya etkileri devam eden eylemler:

• I’ve dyed my hair. (I have blonde hair now)• She’s lost weight. (She is thinner now.

Today, this morning, this week, this month, this year, this century etc.• I haven’t been to the opera this month.• They haven’t had a holiday this year.• There have been a lot of demonstrations this week.

• Lately / recently• (son zamanlarda)

• Have you taken up any courses recently ?• There have been a rise in gold prices lately.

Only recently, quite recently, just recently, very recently = a short time ago• He found a job only recently.• I called my parents quite recently

Already, yet, just

• Ever, never, all my life, in his life, always, occasionally, often, several times, once, twice, etc.

• I have always wanted to live abroad.• She’s had driving lessons several times.

• *** My father always wanted to have a garden full of trees. (He’s dead now.) • When I lived in Germany, I went to Berlin once. (time is given)

So far, up to now, up till now, until now• Şu ana kadar

• So far today, so far this month, so far this semester, so far this summer

• We haven’t had any pay rise so far this year.

For / since

• She has been a housewife for 10 years.• They have never had a single argument since they got married.

It is / It has been …….since + Simple Past / present perfect• It is/has been ages since I last saw you.• It is /has been ages since I have seen you.

• I last saw you 6 years ago.• I haven’t seen you for 6 years.

This is the first, second etc time (that) + present perfect• This is the first time I have gone on a tour to the Black Sea region.• This is the second time (that) he has seen a dog, so it’s normal that he

is scared.

• This is the fifth glass of tea I have drunk.

This is + Superlative (that) + Present Perfect• This is the best film I have ever watched.• That is the most distant country I have travelled to

Gone / been

• Gone• Been

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS

• HAS / HAVE + BEEN + V inga) For / since / all day / all week / all year ( geçmişte başlayıp, içinde

bulunduğumuz anda hala devam etmekte olan eylemleri anlatır)I have been teaching English for 20 years.He has been taking photos all week.

Belirtileri devam eden

• Your hands are dirty. Have you been playing with mud ?• Why are your eyes swollen ? I have been crying.• Have you been waiting long ? • I’m exhausted. I’ve been running all way back home.

Since / for

• When did you move here ? • I moved here last year.

• How long have you been working?• I have been working for 6 months

Expect, hope, learn, lie, live, look, rain, sleep, sit, snow, stand, stay, study, teach, wait, want, work

• How long have you studied for your exam ?• How long have you been studying for your exam ?

• Geçici durumlar için Present Perfect Continous tercih edilir.• My niece has been living with us for 2 years, but she is moving to her

own flat next month.

Want / wish

• I’ve been wanting a sports car all my life.• I’ve been wishing to visit you in your hometown.

• (verbs which do not take ing = Present Perfect

• How long have you had this car ?• Have you known each other for a long time ?

Always, never, sometimes, once, twice, just, already, yet = no present perfect continous• Present Perfect = result (numbers)• Present Perfect Continous = time

• I have read 20 pages.• I have been reading for an hour.

• She has knit 2 pairs of socks.• She has been knitting for a week.