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Emerging Wireless TechnologiesDavid FindlingChief Solutions ArchitectEmail: [email protected]
14 May, 2005
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
SURFboard™
Cable Modems
1996
First Practical and Affordable
Automobile Radioby Galvin Manufacturing
1930Handie-Talkie™Two-Way Radio
1940Golden ViewTelevision
1947Coaxial
Cable TV System (GI)
19503-Amp Power
Transistor
1955
Telematics EmergencyMessaging
System
1996First All DigitalHDTV Standard
1990First PortableCellular Phone
DynaTAC
1983First MotorolaComputerized,
Electronic Engine Control Modules
(EEC III)
1980
All ElectronicAlternator System
1961First Words
from the Moon Replayed by
MotorolaTransponder
1969
First WearableCellular Phone
StarTAC®
1996
Handie-TalkieRadio Pager
1955
i250 Wireless Chipset
2001The Motorola V60
Cellular Phone
2001 2002The SBG1000 Wireless Cable Modem Gateway
2003Motorola SoftSwitch
(MSS)
2003Architected Automobile
iDEN® i1000 Portable Radio Handset
1998
Computer-Controlled Trunked
Two-Way Radio Systems
1978
The MTH500 Digital TETRA
Radio
2002
Motorola Innovation
First MotorolaMicroprocessor
MC6800
1974World’s First
Full-Text Two-Way PagerThe PageWriter®
1996
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
A Global LeaderWherever We Compete
# 1 in Public Safety and Private two-way radio systems
# 2 in wireless handsets sold globally; #1 in North America
# 1 in digital broadband set-top boxes
# 1 in cable modems# 1 in broadband communications
systems# 1 in embedded computing# 1 in intelligent automotive
electronics
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
MOBILE DEVICE
CONNECTED HOMEGOVERNMENT/ENTERPRISE
NETWORKS
Motorola’s Organization
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
We have identified three disruptive trends
Digitization of EverythingDigitization of Everything
Devices are getting smarter… really fast!
Explosion of Broadband
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
@home@home
In In the the
AutoAuto
@work@work
Out inOut inthethe
WorldWorld
The Next Big Thing: Seamless Mobility
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Mesh Networks
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
General Definitions - MeshGeneral Definitions - Mesh• Mesh defines a network topology
– Multi-Point to Multi-Point– Routing functionality– Benefits
• Aids in mobility• Reduces congestion• Improves throughput• Requires less power• Load balancing• Can be applied to variety of technologies
11 Mbps 5.5 Mbps 2 Mbps 1 Mbps
11 Mbps 11 Mbps 11 Mbps
Traditional Wireless LAN
Mesh Networking applied to
Traditional Wireless LAN
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
General : Mesh / Ad Hoc• Mesh / Ad-Hoc Networking
– The ability to extend coverage by integrating router functionality in each device.
– Automatically switches between Ad-Hoc (no infrastructure) & infrastructure modes
– Can be applied to all PAN, LAN, MAN & WAN technologies
WLAN, privatepublic
Coverage is limitedBy the network
Mesh
Coverage is extended by each node
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Wireless Ad Hoc Mesh Network Technology•Automatic Network Formationand Repair (Ad Hoc)
•Range Extension (Multi-Hopping)
•Optimized Spectrum Utilization
•No Cables needed for AP’s
•APs act as Routers in the network
•Clients can also act as Routers
•Supports standalone clientMeshing (No infrastructure required)
Note: Currently 802.11 does not support client assisted meshing
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Mesh Enabled Architecture Overview
Wireless Sensor Networks
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
802.16e
802.16a
1990 2000 2010
Dat
a R
ate
(Mbp
s)802.11n
802.15.1
PersonalAreaEvolutionary Path
Transitions fromWired to Wireless
802.15.3a
LocalArea
0.1
10
1
100
1000
0.01
802.15.4
MetroArea
CellularWide Area
802.3 Ethernet10 base-T
1000 base-T
1-3 km
3-10 km
100-300 m
10-30 m
LinkRange
PSTN
100 base-T
ANSI/EIA 709.1LonWorks™
IEEE 1451smart sensor Low rate-power-%duty
for low cost sensing, controls & location.
Pervasive fabric “mesh” networks.
1G
2.5G
802.11g 802.15.3
3G
802.20
2G
4G
802.11b
802.11a
Canopy™
The Evolving Wireless Landscape –where does 802.15.4 fit in?
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
TV, VCRDVD/CDremote
securityHVAClightinglawn & garden irrigation
mousekeyboardjoystick
consolesportables
educational
securitymonitors
sensorsbuilding automation
access control
monitorsdiagnostics
sensors
LOW DATA RATELONG BATTERY LIFE
RADIO DEVICES
RESIDENTIAL CONTROL
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
PC & PERIPHERALS
TOYS & GAMES
PERSONAL HEALTH CARE
INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL
www.zigbee.org
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
802.15.4 / ZigBee™ Protocol StackZigBee™ Mesh Network
• In preparation, to be published in 2004
• Logical Addresses (16b) are assigned using a “spanning tree” hierarchy with 3 shared parameters (from Motorola)
• Messages to distant nodes can follow parent-child hierarchy of spanning tree (deterministic, no network flooding, no routing tables to be stored) OR use a flexibly-defined cost method to determine optimum route at the time of the message (from Intel & Ember).
IEEE
IEEE 802.15.4868 / 915 MHz PHY
IEEE 802.15.42400 MHz PHY
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
IEEE 802.2LLC, Type I IEEE 802.15.4 LLC
ProprietaryNetwork, Stack
ZigBee™ Network & ASL
ApplicationsZigBee™
App Profiles
Application
ZigBee™Alliance
802.15.4 / ZigBee™ / Applications• Apps can be built to follow ZigBee
Application profiles (as they become published), or independently using the ZigBee™ Network and Application Support Layer (ASL).
• Applications can also use proprietary network protocols built on top of the 802.15.4 RF platform.
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Cost
<1(to reader)
Can read >1000 tags per
sec
n/a
n/a
32 b – 1 Kb
Information Tag
Passive RFID
Data Rate,TCP/IP
Streaming Audio + Data
Energy Efficiency,Scaleable low-cost
Infrastructure
OutdoorRange
Success Metrics
100-30010-30 10-30
(+ multi-hop)100-300Range
(meters)
11 – 55 Mb/s720 Kb/s20, 40 – 250 Kb/s
868, 915 – 2450 MHz28, 60 Kb/s
433, 2450 MHzBandwidth
< 50(typical)
8255 - 65,000star - mesh
1,000-10,000per Receiver
Nodes per Access Pt
0.1 – 5 1 – 7 100 – 2,500+ 100-2,500+Battery Life (days)
1 MB+250 KB+8 KB – 60 KB32 b – 1 KbSystem Resources
Wireless Ethernet
Pt-2-Pt Wire Elimination
Assets, Sensing& Control
Transmit-onlyInformation Tag
Application Focus
Wi-Fi®802.11x
Bluetooth®
802.15.1ZigBee®
802.15.4RTLS
Active RFID
Protocol Comparison
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Connect the Cyber World (www) to the Physical World!
Wireless Network Wireless Network ServerServer EnterpriseEnterprise
ServerServer
Internet Service Internet Service ProviderProvider
WLANWLAN
Self OrganizingHighly Scalable
Machine-to-MachineRapidly Deployed
Easy To Install
Autonomous OperationLow Maintenance
Easy To Use
Easy To AffordLow Cost Devices
Sensing & ControlLocation
Lower Data Rates
Data Management
Easy To Apply
A Technology Driver for the IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN Standard
The neuRFon™ Vision
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
neuRFonTM Applications
Canopy™, Cellular, Pt2Pt WLAN backhaul
Gateway serves web pages to D.O.T.
Gateway linked toGPS & 2-way radioGateway linked toGPS & 2-way radio
Assets INSIDE the container
Gateway linkedto GPS & cellular
Assets INSIDE the container
Gateway linkedto GPS & cellular
Remote Monitoring & Control• Sensor data collection
Temperature, Acceleration, Pressure, Strain, Shaft Position, Pivot AngleRain, Wind Speed & DirectionChemical, Environmental
• Sensor location• Structural Monitoring• 2-way communication for
automatic or user based control
Asset Visibility• Associate Container with:
•Sensors & Assets•Container
• Create a real-time, self-documenting database of asset history
• Automate Paperwork for conveyed goods
Manufacturing/Logistics• Location
Limited infrastructureAccuracy ~ 1-2 metersNo high-power readerIndoor/Outdoor Operation
• Remote Monitoring:Sensor data collectionSensor locationAdaptive scheduling
• Information FlowData fusion/correlationDiagnosis/PrognosisDistributed database
d9A
d32
12
456
8
9A B
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Engine Block #21980 Lot # 412309• Passed rotor test• Failed ring wear test
Electrical Panel 76B8• CB1 32C, CB2 40C, CB3 47C
d9A
d32
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456
8
9A B
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d9Ad9A
d32d32
1122
445566
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99AA BB
CC
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Engine Block #21980 Lot # 412309• Passed rotor test• Failed ring wear test
Engine Block #21980 Lot # 412309• Passed rotor test• Failed ring wear test
Electrical Panel 76B8• CB1 32C, CB2 40C, CB3 47CElectrical Panel 76B8• CB1 32C, CB2 40C, CB3 47C
Modular Sensor Network NodesRadio Board
Sensor(s) Module orExt. interface
Battery/Energy2x “2/3 A” shown
Modular Sensor Network NodesRadio Board
Sensor(s) Module orExt. interface
Battery/Energy2x “2/3 A” shownCellular, Satellite, Private
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Credit Cards 1949Magnetic 1970
SmartPhones, PDA’s - The Fifth Wave
Coin Money3,000 B.C.
Checks1875
Barter 50,000 B.C.
Paper Money1650
• Personal Consumer Credit has revolutionized payment - 54% of in store purchases in 2003 – from 11% in 1995
• Personal Credit limited by outdated technology (plastic – magnetic stripe)
• Banks view payment via personal electronic device as way to capture next 50% of payments, now made by cash
• Personal Electronic payment represents the 5th wave of payment evolution
Evolution Of Payment – The 5th Wave
Wireless Broadband
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Motorola Fixed Wireless Broadband CanopyTM
• Wireless Broadband Network Extension– Supports Data, voice, and video– Built-in Ethernet interface (10/100baseT) & T1/E1 Interface
• Range– 2-35 miles (Point to multipoint)– 35 miles (Point to Point)
• Data Rates– 1.9 – 15 Mbps (Point to multipoint)– 7.5 - 300 Mbps (Point to Point)
• Operates in the Unlicensed – 900Mhz, 2.4Ghz ISM, 5.2/5.7Ghz U-NII bands
• Features– Encryption (DES, AES, FIPS 197 Certified)– Highly resistant to Interference (~3db C/I)– Canopy Advantage: Software Defined Radio– WiMAX Support– Backward compatible– Low Cost and rapid deployment– <7mS latency
• Globally Deployed in over 85 countries– 200,000+ Units
S ubscr iber M odu le
(S M )
S ubscr iber M odu le
(S M )
Access Point (AP)
Access Point (AP)
Backhaul Module (BH)
Backhaul Module (BH)
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
WiMAX
• Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access• WiMAX Represents
– OFDM/OFDMA core technology– Open network model– IP based broadband wireless network– Carrier grade infrastructure– Application agnostic network
• Defines profiles based on the 802.16 standards– 5 profiles defined as of April 2005.
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
WiMAX Roadmap
802.16Approved
802.16aApproved
802.16dApproved
802.16eTargeted
Cost-effective Broadband Wireless IP Products
begin to Appear
Up to 20 Mbps Fixed
Up to 74 Mbps fixed
Up to 20 Mbps mobileTraditional Fixed Wireless Access
Products
WiMAX-Certified™ 802.16d Products begin to Appear
2002 20082004 20062003 2005 2007
WiMAX-Certified™ 802.16e Products begin to Appear
802.16e Starts Shipping with Laptops
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Delivering Real WiMAX Products
RealityPerception
802.16 equipment will tend to cost more than many solutions available today. Over time, the 802.16 standard will drive CPE cost as low as $350 in volumes
The WiMAX Forum will begin equipment certification testing sometime in late 2004 or 2005, and will only give its WiMAX Forum Certified™ stamp of approval to products that pass these tests. Therefore, no product can claim to be “WiMAX compliant” today
WiMAX Equipment is Available Now
802.16 is more susceptible to in-band interference than today’s products like Motorola Canopy. However, this is not an issue in licensed bands.
WiMAX in License-Exempt Bands
Radio Frequency and Power have the greatest effect on Non Line-of-Sight performance ― and those are not usually under the control of the operator
Non Line-of-Sight
But not both at the same time. WiMAX speed is highly dependent on distance: Longer distance = Lower speed
Up to 70 Mbps as far as 30 km
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Mobile Broadband
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
THE FUTURE OF MOBILE DATA SERVICES
HSDPAPeak user rate 3.6 to 14 Mbps*
Predicted: >1 Mbps - 150 KbpsExisting UMTS spectrum
UMTSPeak user rate 384 KbpsRealistic: 125 - 70 KbpsSimultaneous voice & dataFull QoS: real-time servicesNew spectrum
EDGEPeak user rate 238 Kbps*Realistic: 100 - 60 Kbps (2TS)GSM spectrum
GPRSPeak user rate 80 Kbps*Realistic: 35 - 30 Kbps (2 TS)GSM spectrum
HSDPA
GPRS
GSM
EDGE
UMTS
E-MAIL w/ Attachment
S/W DownloadMusic Download
Full Web Browsing
Live Video Broadcast
Video Conference
Voice
Location Specific Services
Multi-MediaMessaging
Download RingersTransaction Based Apps
SMS
HIGH DATA RATE & CAPACITY
LOW-MED DATA & CAPACITY
NO
N-R
EAL
TIM
E REA
L TIME
Interactive Gaming
* Handset limited (EDGE and GPRS maximum of 4 timeslots, HSDPA first phase of handsets support peak data rate of 3.6Mbps)
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Mobile Broadband Technologies and Evolution
>100 Mbps
2.0 Mbps
473 Kbps
14.4 Mbps
2.4 Mbps
3.1 Mbps
16.0 Mbps
115 Kbps
307 Kbps
0 5 10 15 20
OFDM 4G
802.16x
HSDPA
DO Rev A
1xEV-DO
W-CDMA
EDGE
1X
GPRS
Java Games 1 MBMusic Files 4MB
P E A K R A T E (Mbps)
SMS 9KBEmail 10KBText file 40 KB
Rich 100MBMultimedia
Typical File Size
100
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
MOTODrivetm - Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) Communications
Control & Data Base
Traffic Management Center(TMC)
WiFiHot Spot
Satellite toVehicle(GPS)
Vehicle-to-Vehicle
Vehicle -to -Roadside
DSRC/Wi-Fi
PrivateSectorUses
DSRC/Wi-Fi
Cellular
A vehicle/highway cooperative system for Location Based Services, Consumer Communications, and Active Safety
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Seamless Mobility
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Enterprise Seamless Mobility
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Opportunity: Convergence at the Person
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Enterprise Communications Issues• Mobility Costs
– Multiple devices– Decentralized service contracts– IT support requirements– Cellular expenses– ROI
• Employee Productivity– Multiple phone numbers/voicemail– Accessibility to/for mobile employees– Easy to use– Enterprise features everywhere
• Network Management– Protect/control network access– Standards based solutions
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Enterprise Seamless Mobility Solution
EnterpriseApp
Outside the Enterprise Inside the Enterprise
Dual Network (802.11/Cellular) Device
WLAN Infrastructure
IP-PBX
IP LAN/WAN
PSTN
Wireless Services Manager PIM
Internet
Cellular Wide Area Network
EnterpriseApp
Outside the Enterprise Inside the Enterprise
Dual Network (802.11/Cellular) Device
WLAN Infrastructure
IP-PBX
IP LAN/WAN
PSTN
Wireless Services Manager PIM
Internet
Cellular Wide Area Network
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
WLAN Requirements
• Subnet mobility• Fast roaming• QoS
– Predictable and manageable performance for high-quality voice applications
• Call admission control• Power management• Network capacity• Minimized Interference• 802.11b/g - limited to 3 channels• 802.11a - up to 24 channels
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Key Parameters - Capacity
Minimum Number of APs Vs. Erlang/user
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0.05 0.1 0.17 0.25 0.3Erlang/user
Num
ber o
f APs
ADCF
HCF
EDCF
ADCF (history)
HCF (history)
EDCF (history)
802.11a
802.11b
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Key Parameters - Channels
• 802.11a has 24 non-overlapping channels• 802.11b offers just 3 channels
• Allows almost eight times more access points in a close area
1
321
3
5
72
46
82
4
38
802.11b802.11a
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA)
Source: UMA Technology http://www.umatechnology.org
Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) technology enables access to GSM and GPRS mobile services over unlicensed spectrum, including Bluetooth™ and WiFi™. Highlights of UMA Technology:
• Seamless delivery of mobile voice and data services over unlicensed wireless networks.
• Seamless transitions (roaming and handover) between Cellular RAN and unlicensed wireless networks.
• Independent of underlying unlicensed spectrum technology (e.g. WiFi™, Bluetooth™) • Transparent to existing, standard CPE devices (e.g. access points, routers and modems) • Utilizes standard “always on" broadband IP access networks (e.g. DSL, Cable, T1/E1,Broadband Wireless …)
MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2005.
@home@home
In In the the
AutoAuto
@work@work
Out inOut inthethe
WorldWorld
The Next Big Thing: Seamless Mobility