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Primary Health Care

Elfrida Nainggolan, SKM

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What is Primary Health Care ?

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Primary Health Care – Definition

Primary Health Care is the first level of contact with the health system to promote health, prevent illness, care for common illnesses, and manage ongoing health problems.

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Primary Health Care- Definition

Primary Health Care extends beyond the traditional health sector and includes all human services which play a part in addressing the inter-related determinants of health.

Physical FactorsCulture

Prenatal / Early Childhood Experiences

Income & Social Status Employment /

Working Conditions

Level of Education

Social Support Networks

Social Environments

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Primary Health Care- Definition Primary Health Care includes:

Primary Care (physicians, midwives & nurses);Health promotion, illness prevention;Health maintenance & home support;Community rehabilitation; Pre-hospital emergency medical services; &Coordination and referral to other areas of health

care.

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Primary Health Care – Definition Services are generally provided in the

communitySome services are also provided in hospitals

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Primary Health Care – Definition Primary Health Care is different in each

community depending upon: Needs of the residents;Availability of health care providers; The communities geographic location; &Proximity to other health care services in the

area.

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Primary Health Care - Benefits

PHC focuses on keeping people healthy & addressing illness early so as to increase probability of cure;

PHC is client focused; Individuals have access to appropriate care;Services are matched to community needs; Targeted services will have a positive impact on

the utilization of health and social services; & Healthy communities with healthy people

contribute to a vibrant & stable economy.

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Primary Health Care ReformMedical model Primary Health Care

Illness Health

Cure Prevention, care, cure

Treatment Health promotion

Episodic care Continuous care

Specific problems Comprehensive care

Individual practitioners Teams of practitioners

Health sector alone Intersectoral collaboration

Professional dominance Community participation

Passive reception Joint responsibilityBarbara Starfield, Johns Hopkins University

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AdvancingPrimary Health Carein Manitoba

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Primary Health Care Policy Framework Approved April 4, 2002; Framework guides the development of PHC

within the province; The goals are:

Promote the development of PHC organizations delivering service to Manitobans based upon the principles of PHC.

Enable PHC service providers to deliver services in ways that reflect PHC principles.

Improve the ability of PHC organizations to deliver services in accordance with the principles of PHC.

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The Delivery of Health Programs & Services

to Northern Residents (Discussion paper)

Paper completed by the Aboriginal Human Resources Strategy Committee in May 2002.

Goals: To provide an overview of the challenges facing

health service delivery system in the North; and

To suggest a strategy to address these challenges, including the processes required to achieve the objectives.

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Office of Rural & Northern Health

Operational in September 2002. Offices in Dauphin & Winkler.Goal: To increase the number of

graduating physicians & other health care professionals who choose rural and northern Manitoba as a place to live and practice their professions.

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Chronic Diseases Priority Initiatives

Regional Diabetes Program

Chronic Disease Prevention Initiative

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Primary Health Care Transition Fund

Multi-Jurisdictional Provincial/Territorial

Aboriginal

National

Official Languages/Minority Communities

Primary Health Care Transition Fund

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Primary Health Care Transition Fund Initiatives cont’d

Northern & Aboriginal Population Health & Wellness Institute (NAPHWI)

Community driven project; Aboriginal communities identified to NAPHWI 3

health issues of importance to northern communities.

Integration of Traditional Medicine & Primary Health Care; Mental Health & Youth Suicide;& Chronic Disease Management – Diabetes.

Focus is to identify jurisdictional issues that affect the delivery of health services in these 3 areas.

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Aboriginal Midwifery Education Program (AMEP)Impetus of program: Aboriginal communities

identified the need to train more Aboriginal midwives.

Community involvement: in Steering Committee & the development of the curriculum.

Program: 4-year degree – University College of the North;Blend of traditional Aboriginal & western midwifery

knowledge & practice; Competency-based curriculum, delivered in modules;Readiness component;Tutorial, social & financial support; & Prior learning assessment & recognition.

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Primary Health Care Transition Fund Initiatives

Health Links /Info Santé Community Service Integrated System Public Awareness Community Health Centres:

Wabowden, Waterhen, Camperville, Thompson

Technology & information sharing: Churchill Telehealth

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Conclusion

Primary Health Care:Working Together for Better

Health