electron beam as a special application for nox/ sox ... · andrzej g. chmielewski inct & tu,...

Part-financed by the European Union (European Regional Development Fund

Electron beam as a special application for NOx/ SOx

Andrzej G. Chmielewski

INCT & TU, Warsaw,Poland

Workshop

Plasma Technologies as a Tool for Environment Protection

21st March, 2012. St,Petersburg, Russia

http://www.pw.edu.pl/

21.03.2012 1 PlasTEP Workshop St. Petersburg

Conventional flue gas treatment process

Limestone-Gypsum Process (SO2 removal)

Ammonia Selective Catalytic Reduction Process (NOx removal)


Electrons accelerators


Plasma inside the reactor in Kaweczyn


Reaction mechanisms and sequence of E-beam process


Process and its engineering


A.G. Chmielewski, Z. Zimek, P. Pańta, W. Drabik: Rad. Phys. Chem 42 (4-6) (1995) 663

Irradiation vessel applied at pilot plant


Typical run of data set at pilot plant


Pilot plant


The IEB-FGC Lab INET, Tsinghua University


Semi-dry process


Reaction Vessel


ERS Pomorzany


Main units of EBFGT plant


The obtained results The dependence of SO2 and NOx removal efficiency on dose

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5 8,0 8,5 9,0 9,5 10,0

Dose [kGy]

Re

mo

va

l [%

]

SO2

NOx


Flue Gas Cleaning Plant in Changdu, China


EBFGT Svilosa Power Station


The new developments

•Oil fired boiler flue gas treatment

•VOC and PAH treatment

•Municipal and medical waste incineration

•Mercury removal


New problems

are on the sea


Estimated emissions of sulphur dioxide to the atmosphere from land based sources within EU25 and from ship transport in European sea areas for 2005 - 2020 (1000 t p.a.):


Estimated emissions of nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere from land based sources within EU25 and from ship transport in European sea areas for 2005 - 2020 (in 1000 tonnes per year).


Wet-discharge electron beam flue gas scrubbing treatment

A method for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides and particulate matter such as fly ash from flue gas of marine engines, comprising:a) cleaning the flue gas to substantially remove fly ash;b) injecting the flue gas into an electron beam chamber containing high energy electrons, whereby such high energy electrons interact with the flue gas to form sulfuric and nitric acids;c) passing the flue gas through a wet by-product collector into which a basic aqueous solution is sprayed, whereby the sulfuric and nitric acids and particulate matter from the flue gas are collected in the aqueous solution to form a liquid discharge that is substantially environmentally friendly, and whereby the flue gas is quenched;d) scrubbing the quenched flue gas through one or more filters connected to the wet by-product collector, wherein the quenched flue gas is accelerated and then decelerated and whereby water condenses and nitric and sulfuric acid droplets form, and further wherein the water and nitric and sulfuric acids drain to the wet by-product collector and mix with the sprayed basic aqueous solution; and e) passing the scrubbed flue gas through the stack of said marine engine. In a preferred embodiment, the Belco EDF is used as the wet by-product collector, which allows the direct venting of flue gasses to the atmosphere.

Ralph Donald Genuario Jean Otto de Kat


http://www.faqs.org/patents/inv/610210



Laboratory tests


Inlet gas temperature influencing on NOx removal efficiency


Dose rate influence on NOx removal efficiency


Different scavengers influence on removal efficiency of NOx

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

5,45 10,9

Dose(kGy)

NO

x r

emo

va

l ef

fici

ency

(%)

NOx

NOx(Alc.)

NOx(NH3)

NOx(Alc.+ NH3)


Scavengers and VOCs


NOx removal vs. dose distribution

0

2

1

0

0

][exp1

][

][][

NOx

Dkk

NOx

NOxNOx


NOx reduction vs flow patterns

option 1

option 2

option 3

option 4


Synergy Effect of EBeam – Catalyst Coupling System Prof.Kim, Konkuk University, ROK

Acceleration of

Electron

Irradiation of

Electron

Activation of

Catalyst

& Oxidation of

by-Products

VOC Removal by

Radical Reaction

N2, O2, H2O, etc.

e-

OH , N , H , HO2 , O

radicals

VOC

CO2 , O3 , By-

products

VOC Decomposition by EB

e-

Oxidation by Catalyst

radical

Surface Activation

Surface Reforming

Oxidation of by-products

& VOC

Catalyst O3


CONCLUSIONS

EBFGT is well developed process which can be applied for flue gases tratment from coal and oil combustion

There are higher energy consumption for NOx removal in comparison to needed for SOx removal.

New techniques are being searched for to improve energy efficiency.


Acknowledgement A team; A.Pawelec, J.Licki,Y.Sun,Z.Zimek,A.Dobrowolski,S.Bułka, S.Witman

Funding ; “PlasTEP: Dissemination and fostering of plasma based technological innovation for environment protection in BSR”

( Project No #033 of the Baltic Sea Region Programme 2007-2013)


Monitoring, Control and Effects of Air Pollution

„Plasma-Based Depollution of Exhausts: Principles, State of the Art and Future Prospects”

Ronny Brandenburg, Hana Barankova, Ladislav Bardos, Andrzej G. Chmielewski, Miroslaw Dors, Helge Grosch, Marcin Hołub, Indrek Jogi, Matti Laan, Jerzy Mizeraczyk, Andrzej Pawelec and Eugen Stamate


Published by the Department of Energy's Office of Science

More than 30,000 particle accelerators are in operation

around the world, serving medicine, industry, energy,

the environment, national security, and discovery

science. As accelerator science and technology

continue to advance,

so too will their benefits to society.


http://www.acceleratorsamerica.org/files/Report.pdf

http://www.ichtj.waw.pl/

electron beam as a special application for nox/ sox ... · andrzej g. chmielewski inct & tu,...

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