ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY1)1)ELECTRICITY AND MATTER.ELECTRICITY AND MATTER.

1.1. Conductor and insulators1.2. How to obtain electricity1.3. The transport of electric energy1.4. Effects of electric current

2)2)Electric quantitiesElectric quantities 2,1. Electric current2.2. Voltage2.3. Resistance.

3)3) Ohm's lawOhm's law4)4)Electric circuits Electric circuits

4.1. Components of an electric circuit4.2. Representation and symbols.

5)5)Types of circuits. Types of circuits. 5.1. Series circuits5.2. Parallel circuits5.3. Series-parallel combination circuits

IES Río CabeCovadonga Yugueros

Valbuena

ElectricElectric circuitcircuit Set of connected elements through which an electric current can flow

+

-

BatteryBattery

Push switchPush switch BulbBulb

wireswires

Circuits need to be complete for them to work property.The path along which electrons go from the pole - to + must be closed.

The purpose of an electrical circuit is to transform electricity into a useful form of energy: light, heat, motion or sound.

4, Electric circuit4, Electric circuit

Generador

Receptores

Cables

Elementos de control

Elementos de protección

ReceptorsReceptors

The basic components of a circuits:

GeneratorGenerator

4,1. 4,1. Components of an electric circuitComponents of an electric circuit

Control componentsControl components

Circuit protection elementsCircuit protection elements

Conductor wiresConductor wires

+

-

The simplest generator Cell

Generators have two poles

The higher the voltage of the battery, with more "force" the current flows through the circuit.

GeneratorGeneratorIt gives the force to the electrons that run along the wires when the circuit is closed.

+

- -

++ -

+

-

9 V

Pila

BulbBulb

ReceptorsReceptors transform electrical energy into another type of useful energy.

ResistorsResistors

MotorMotor

BellBell

Conductors Conductors wireswires

are the “path” along which electricity flows, it has little resistance to the movement of electrons.

Control Control elementselements

You can use them to open, close and change the direction of the electric current

The most common

Copper and aluminum

On-off switchOn-off switch It has 2 positions. One allows the current to pass (closes the circuit), the other doesn't (open the circuit)

Control Control componentscomponents

push switchpush switch Open or close the circuit while we operated. If we fail to press them, they stop acting

2-way switch2-way switch

oror

changeover switchchangeover switch

Allow control 2 parts of the same circuit (2 separate paths for electrons).

Interruptor

Pulsador

conmutador

Circuit protection componentsCircuit protection components

These components protect an electric circuit

They contain a copper wire that only lets a certain current flow through. When the electric current is too high, the copper wire breaks, so it opens the circuit.

FusesFuses

Fusibles

Fuses prevent damage to other components in the circuits

Measuring instrumentsMeasuring instruments

Instruments for measuring electric quantities

Measures the current. You connect the ammeter in series

AmmeterAmmeter

Measures the electrical voltage. You connect the voltmeter in parallel

VoltmeterVoltmeter

Click on imageClick on image Click on imageClick on image

Electric circuits are represented using standardized symbols.This allows us to understand and draw them easily.

4,2. Representation and symbols 4,2. Representation and symbols

Pin

cha

en

la im

age

nP

inch

a e

n la

ima

gen

There are the most common symbols

A diagramdiagram of an electric circuit is a graphic representation using symbols for the components of the circuit

+

Electric diagram

Electric diagram 1

Electric diagram 2

A circuit works when there is a closed path from one pole to the other of the battery

Open circuit (open switch) the electric current does not flow.Closed circuit (Closed switch): the electric current flows