electrical system in automobiles

7/30/2019 Electrical System in Automobiles

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Sensor Measures any physical quantity/motion into elecrical sign

read by observer or instrument.


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Speedometer: A speedometer meter is a gauge tmeasures and displays the instantaneous speed ofautomobile vehicle.

Speedometer works on the principle of electromag

induction, gearing from the final drive ratio that's tto the speedometer via a flexible cable. One way tothis to a speedometer is to have the end of that cavia additional gearing, drive a magnet.... basically, as a small generator. This, in turn, creates an electr

that moves a needle against a counter-balancing sfaster the magnet spins, the more current is generthus, the father the needle can move against the s

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Crank position sensoris an electronic device used engine to monitor the position or rotational speed of the This information is used by engine management systemscontrol ignition system timing and other engine paramet

It is also commonly used as the primary source for the meengine speed in revolutions per minute.

Common mounting locations include the main crank pullthe flywheel, the camshaft or on the crankshaft itself. Thimost important sensor in modern day engines. When it fachance the engine will not start, or cut out while running.

The functional objective for the crankshaft position sensdetermine the position and/or rotational speed (RPM) of


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Th ttl iti (TPS) i d t it th


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Throttle position sensor (TPS) is a sensor used to monitor the pthe throttle in an internal combustion engine.

The sensor is usually located on the butterfly spindle so that it monitor the position of the throttle. More advanced forms of talso used, for example an extra closed throttle position sensor(

employed to indicate that the throttle is completely closed.Oxygen sensoris an electronic device that measures the

proportion of oxygen (O2) in the gas or liquid being analyzed udetermine the air-fuel ratio.

Modern spark-ignited combustion engines use oxygen sensorsconverters in order to reduce exhaust emissions. Information oconcentration is sent to the engine management computer or adjusts the amount of fuel injected into the engine to compenair or excess fuel. The ECU attempts to maintain, on average, afuel ratio by interpreting the information it gains from the oxyg


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Torque sensor is a device for measuring anrecording the torque on a rotating system, sengine, crankshaft ,gearbox ,transmission ,

a bicycle crank or Cap Torque Tester. One way to measure dynamic torque the sh

member attached to the shaft with a series

permanent magnetic domains. Such magneto-elastic torque sensors are ge

used for in-vehicle applications on racecars,automobiles, aircraft, and hovercraft.

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Knock sensor Engine knock is characteristicuncontrolled combustion process and can caengine damage. That is prevented by a knocnoise sensor near the engine.

The Knock Sensor is a Piezo Electric device tyou stress it, a voltage is produced. It sensesand transmits information to the electronic management control unit. This influences p

control in the engine, for example timing aninjection until knock is eliminated. Knock is frequently caused by fuel that does

comply with the required minimum quality.


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Accessories1. Spark ignition circuit2. Lighting circuit3. Horn circuit4. Temperature gauge5. Speedometer & Tachometer6. Fuel gauge7. Starter switch & kill switch

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Coolant temperature sensor is used to meastemperature of the engine coolant of an interncombustion engine.

The readings from this sensor are then fed backthe Engine control unit(ECU). This data from ththen used to adjust the fuel injection and igniti

On some vehicles the sensor may be used to sw

electronic cooling fan. The data may also be usprovide readings for a coolant temperature gaudash.

The coolant temperature sensor works using res

temperature subjected to the sensor increases


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Dynamo

It works on the principle of electomagnetic induction.


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electrical system in automobiles

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