electric charge property of matter that creates electric and magnetic forces and interactions....
TRANSCRIPT
ELECTRIC CHARGE
• property of matter that creates electric and magnetic forces and interactions.
• depends on the imbalance of its protons and electrons.
Electrons • negatively chargedprotons • positively chargedneutrons • are neutral (no charge).
ELECTRIC CHARGE
• Negatively charged objects have more electrons than protons.
• Positively charged objects have fewer electrons than protons.
SI unit:
• coulomb, C.
LAW OF CHARGES
• Like charges repel• opposite charges attract.
ELECTRIC CHARGE
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR:• material in which charges can move freely
and that can carry an electric current.
ELECTRICAL INSULATOR:• material that does not transfer current
easily.
CHARGING BY FRICTION
• When an object whose electrons are loosely held rubs against another object, electrons are transferred to the second object .
INDUCED CHARGES
• Electrons are moved to opposite ends (not by contact)
polarization• Alignment of charges at surface of an
object producing an electric charge• Positive & negative charges on opposite
sides
CHARGING BY CONTACT
When a negative rod touches a neutral doorknob, electrons move from the rod to the doorknob.
The transfer of electrons to the metal doorknob gives the doorknob a net negative charge.
•charge a neutral object by touching it with a charged object.
STATIC DISCHARGE
• movement of electrons to relieve a separation in charge
ELECTRIC FORCE
• force of attraction or repulsion between objects due to charge.
Electric force depends on charge and distance.
• proportional to product of charges on objects.
• inversely proportional to square of distance between two objects.
ELECTRIC FIELD LINES• point in direction of electric force on a positive
charge.• positive charge point outward.• negative charge point inward.• never cross one another.• show both direction of an electric field and relative
strength due to a given charge.• More lines are drawn for greater charges to indicate
greater force.
ELECTRIC FIELD LINES
ELECTRIC FIELD LINES