elastomer for heavy engineering applications
TRANSCRIPT
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Elastomer for Heavy
Engineering Applications
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(a)Laminated Bearing
Sandwich structure
between elastomer
and steel plate
Widely used becauseit is able to prevent &
reduce the movement
of the bridge due to
few factors(earthquake, creep,
etc)
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The number of steel plate, will increase the
amount of load that can be sustain by the bridge
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(b) Plain Pad Bearing
Consist of rubber,
without the steel plate
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( c ) Strip bearing
Strip bearing similar with plain pad
bearing but the length of the bearing islonger than its width.
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( d ) Pot Bearing
Pot bearing bearing which consists
of solid rubber block and it is located in
between metal piston and metal
cylinder.
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Pot Bearing
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Plain Pad Bearing
Laminated Bearing
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Example the needs of good bridge
bearings
Benicia-Martinez Bridge
The bearing for this bridge
Increased to 53 inch
whenever sustained
5 mil. Lbs loads.
http://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.htmlhttp://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.htmlhttp://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.htmlhttp://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.htmlhttp://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.htmlhttp://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.htmlhttp://www.earthquakeprotection.com/benicia_martinez_bridge.html -
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Main materials used as bridge bearing:
ELASTOMER
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Function of Elastomer
absorb the vibration
allow the changes in the length of bridge
ease of installation
used to cover the metal plate
(for laminated bearing)
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Types of Elastomer used as bridge
bearings
Natural Rubber
HDRB ( High Damping Rubber )
Neoprene SBR
EPDM
NBR
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Why Elastomer?
Long lasting
Good in impact absorption
Good bonding with metal Good resistance to ageing
Good tearing properties
Good physical properties sesuai untuk panas dan sejuk
Good resistance to oil and chemicals
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Disadvantages
Expensive (especially for rubber with highresistance to ageing)
Can be attack by:
ester
ketone
hydrocarbon with nitrogen
aromatic
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Physical PropertiesNatural
RubberSBR EPDM Neoprene Nitrile Urethane Silicone Fluorocarbon
Specific Gravity 0.93 0.94 0.86 1.23 1.001.05 to
1.250.95 to 1.20
1.4 to
1.95
Durometer, Range 30-100 40-100 30-90 40-95 30-90 55-100 25-90 55-90
Tensile Strength E F-G VG VG VG E F-G VG
Elongation VG-E G G G G G-VG VG-E F-G
Compression Set G G G F-G G G-E G-E G-E
Heat Resistance F F-G VG-E F-G G F-G E E
Resilience or Rebound E F-G G VG F-G F-E G F
Impact Resistance E E G G F G-E P-G E
Abrasion Resistance E G-E G-E G-E G-E E P-F F-G
Tear Resistance E F F-G F-G F-G E P-F F
Cut Growth E G G G G G-E P-F P-F
Flame Resistance P P P G P P-F F-G VG-E
Impermeability, Gas F F F-G F-G G P-F F-G E
Weathering
Resistance P-F F E VG F-G G-E E E
Low Temperature
Limit*
-10TO -
50F
0TO -
50F
-20TO -
60F
-10TO -
50F
-30TO -
40F
-10TO -
50F
-65TO -
150F+10TO -40F
High Temperature
Limit*
158TO
225F
158TO
225F
300TO
350F225F 275F 250F
400TO
550F400TO 450F
Comparison of physical properties of polymer
P = Poor F = Fair G = GoodVG = Very
Good E = Excellent
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Neoprene = polychloroprene
First Choice
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Polychloroprene before vulcanization
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Polychloroprene after vulcanization
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Natsyn 2200 100.0Zink oxide 3.0stearic acid 2.0
Wingstay 100AZ 1.0VANOS 3C 2.0VANWAX H 2.0HAF (N-330) carbon black 50.0
aromatic oil 10.0Sulphur 0.5MOFAX 1.9
TOTAL 172.4
NEOPRENE PADS:
FORMULATION
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NEOPRENE PADS:
FORMULATION
Properties, cured 17 minutes @ 143C
Hardness, shore A 62
Tensile, MPa(psi) 26(3750)
Elongation,% 650Density, Mg/m3 1.10
Tear strength, Die C, kN/m (pli) 68(390)
Compression set after 22 Hours@70C (158F)
Method B, % Set 13
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Methodology inpreparing the
laminated bearing
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Preparation of rubber compound- according to
the right composition
Prepare the metal plate
Apply the bonding agent to the metal plate
Prepare the rubber compound and metal
plate
Compression Moulding
Testing ( to test the quality and the properties)
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