El presente El presente perfectoperfecto

Español IIIEspañol III

Capítulo 4Capítulo 4

¿Qué es el presente ¿Qué es el presente perfecto?perfecto?

The present perfect is tense The present perfect is tense formed by combining a formed by combining a helping verb (“have” or helping verb (“have” or “has”) with the past “has”) with the past participleparticiple

Por ejemplo…Por ejemplo…

For example:For example: I I have playedhave played tennis. tennis.She She has sunghas sung at weddings. at weddings.We We have flownhave flown in a plane. in a plane.

Para formar en inglésPara formar en inglés

To form the present perfect we To form the present perfect we combine the helping verb “have/has” combine the helping verb “have/has” with a past participlewith a past participle For example, “I For example, “I have beenhave been a a

lifeguard.” lifeguard.” ““I” is the subjectI” is the subject““have” is the helping verbhave” is the helping verb““been” is the past participlebeen” is the past participle

Para formar en españolPara formar en español

In Spanish we form the present perfect In Spanish we form the present perfect by combining the present tense of the by combining the present tense of the verb verb haber haber (the helping verb, or (the helping verb, or el el verbo auxiliarverbo auxiliar)) with a past participlewith a past participle For example:For example:

Yo Yo he bailadohe bailado..I have danced.I have danced.

Nosotros no Nosotros no hemos estudiadohemos estudiado para el para el examen.examen.We haven’t studied for the test.We haven’t studied for the test.

The present tense of The present tense of haberhaber

hehe hemoshemos

hashas habéishabéis

haha hanhan

Remember…Remember…

How to form the past participleHow to form the past participle:: For –For –arar verbs, take the stem of the verbs, take the stem of the

verb and add –verb and add –adoado

Example: comprar → Example: comprar → compradocomprado For For –er–er and and –ir–ir verbs, take the stem verbs, take the stem

of the verb and add of the verb and add –ido–ido

Example: tener → Example: tener → tenidotenido

Para formar…Para formar…

Here are the present perfect Here are the present perfect forms of forms of estudiar:estudiar:

he estudiadohe estudiado hemos hemos estudiadoestudiado

has has estudiadoestudiado

habéis habéis estudiadoestudiado

ha estudiadoha estudiado han han estudiadoestudiado

Para formar…Para formar…

As you can see I have combined As you can see I have combined the present forms of the present forms of haber haber (the (the helping verbs)helping verbs)

hehe hemoshemos

hashas habéishabéis

haha hanhan

……with the with the pastpast participle of participle of estudiarestudiar

hehe hemoshemos

hashas habéishabéis

haha hanhan

estudiado estudiado estudiadoestudiado

estudiadoestudiado estudiadoestudiado

estudiadoestudiado estudiadoestudiado

Now you try…Now you try…

he ________he ________ hemos hemos ______________

has ________has ________ habéis habéis ________________

ha ________ha ________ han ________han ________

On a sheet of paper, see if you can figure out the present perfect forms for the verb hablar:

he habladohe hablado hemos hemos habladohablado

has habladohas hablado habéis habéis habladohablado

ha habladoha hablado han habladohan hablado

Is this what you came up with?

Now let’s try an Now let’s try an –er –er verbverb

See if you can come up with the See if you can come up with the present perfect forms for present perfect forms for comercomer::

__ ________ ______ _____ ___________ ______

___ _________ ______ ______ ____________ ______

__ ________ ______ ___ _________ ______

Is this what you came up with?Is this what you came up with?

he comidohe comido hemos hemos comidocomido

has comidohas comido habéis habéis comidocomido

ha comidoha comido han comidohan comido

Let’s try another one…see if you can Let’s try another one…see if you can come up with the present perfect come up with the present perfect tense of tense of irir::

__ _____ ___ _____ ________ ___

___ ______ ___ ______ _________ ___

__ _____ ___ ___ _________ ______

Is this what you came up with?Is this what you came up with?

he idohe ido hemos idohemos ido

has idohas ido habéis idohabéis ido

ha idoha ido han idohan ido

Many of you may have assumed that Many of you may have assumed that ir ir had an irregular past participle. had an irregular past participle. Afterall, it Afterall, it doesdoes have an irregular have an irregular presentpresent participle. But participle. But irir is actually is actually regular in this tense. Here are some regular in this tense. Here are some verbs that verbs that areare irregular in the past irregular in the past participle:participle:

Not exactly irregular Not exactly irregular but…but…

-er -er and and –ir –ir verbs whose stems end in verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending a vowel have past participles ending in in –ído–ído

caer → caer → caídocaído creer → creer → creídocreído

leer → leer → leídoleído oír → oír → oídooído

reír → reír → reídoreído traer → traer → traídotraído

IrregularsIrregulars

The following verbs have irregular past The following verbs have irregular past participles ending in participles ending in –to:–to:

abrir → abrir → abiertoabierto cubrir → cubrir → cubiertocubiertodescubrir → descubrir → descubiertodescubierto escribir → escribir → escritoescritomorir → morir → muertomuerto poner → poner → puestopuestoromper → romper → rotoroto ver → ver → vistovisto

volver → volver → vueltovuelto

More irregularsMore irregulars

These verbs have irregular past These verbs have irregular past participles ending in participles ending in –cho:–cho:

decir → decir → dichodicho

hacer → hacer → hechohecho

¡Practicamos!¡Practicamos!

See if you can form the correct present See if you can form the correct present perfect using the subject and verb given.perfect using the subject and verb given.Modelo: yo / decidir → Modelo: yo / decidir → He decididoHe decidido

1.1. ella / abrirella / abrirHa abiertoHa abierto

2.2. Marta y yo / tocarMarta y yo / tocarHemos tocadoHemos tocado

3.3. Gonzalo / crecerGonzalo / crecerHa crecidoHa crecido

4.4. Tú y tus amigos / reírTú y tus amigos / reírHan reído Han reído

5.5. Mis padres / hacerMis padres / hacerHan hechoHan hecho

6.6. Tus abuelos / decir la verdadTus abuelos / decir la verdadHan dicho la verdadHan dicho la verdad

7.7. Rogelio y Ramón / escribir Rogelio y Ramón / escribir Han escritoHan escrito

.

¿Quién es? Persona de Misterio. 1. Esta persona ha vivido en California casi toda la vida. 2. Esta persona ha jugado fútbol americano en el colegio (high school). 3. Esta persona ha estudiado en la Universidad de Southern California. 4. Esta persona se ha graduado de la universidad con una especialidad en presentación de deportes. 5. Esta persona ha sido socio (member) de un grupo de cómicos que se llama “The Groundlings.” 6. Esta persona ha hecho muchas películas cómicas. 7. Esta persona ha actuado en SNL. Actuó en SNL por 7 años. 8. Esta persona ha hecho el papel de un conductor de carros de carrera (race), un énano de la Navidad y un locutor en las noticias.

Persona de misterio: Uds. Persona de misterio: Uds. escribenescriben

Mystery Person Activity. Mystery Person Activity. In groups of In groups of 2-3, write 6-8 clues about a famous 2-3, write 6-8 clues about a famous person or character in Spanish. Tell us person or character in Spanish. Tell us things the person/character has done, things the person/character has done, using the present perfect tense. Write using the present perfect tense. Write the clues on construction paper. When the clues on construction paper. When finished, hang the posters around the finished, hang the posters around the class. Class members will read and class. Class members will read and try to identity the people/characters. try to identity the people/characters.