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1Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Ejemplos de aeronavesHigh Performance Light Sport Aircraft
Sergio [email protected]
2Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Requirements For Proposal (RFP) Satisfacer Normativa para Light-Sport Aircraft
U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Light-Sport Aircraft (http://www.faa.gov/aircraft/gen_av/light_sport/)Algunas restricciones se relajarán como:
Velocidad máxima NO ESTARÁ LIMITADA a Vmax <222 kim/hVelocidad entrada en perdida NO ESTARÁ LIMITADA a Vstall < 83 km/hTren de aterrizaje fijo: NO ESTARA LIMITADOHélice de paso fijo o ajustable en tierra: NO ESTARA LIMITADO
Requisitos Generales:Piloto + PasajeroPeso Máximo < 600 kgPeso en Vacío <400 kgPlanta Motora: Rotax 914
ActuacionesVelocidad Máxima: 300-400 km/hVelocidad entrada en pérdida: 75 km/h Velocidad vertical: 9 m/s (1771 ft/m)Distancia despegue < 150 mDistancia aterrizaje < 200 mFactor de carga: +6g/-4g
3Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Rotax 914
Potencia: 84.5 kW, 115hp @ 5800 RPMPar: 144 Nm, 106 ft.lb., @ 4900 RPMMAX RPM: 5800 RPMDimensiones:
BORE: 79.5 mm 3.13 in STROKE: 61 mm 2.4 in DISPLACEMENT: 1211.2 cm3 73.91 cu. In
Peso:engine with propeller speed reduction unit i = 2.43: 64.0 kgexhaust system: 4.0 kg.engine mount assembly: 2.0 kgoverload clutch: 1.7 kgvacuum pump: 0.8 kghydraulic propeller governor: 2.7 kgexternal alternator: 3.0 kgWingspan: 7.5 m (24 ft 8 in)
4Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Actuaciones vs. Altitud (Rotax 914)
6Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Ejemplos LSAACS 100 SORA 3Xtrim 3X55 Trener Allegro 2007
Cessna 162FK 14 Polaris CTSW
Europa XS Ikarus C42 Storm Rally
7Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
ACS 100 SORA
General characteristicsCrew: 2 Length: 6.5 m (21 ft 4 in) Wingspan: 7.5 m (24 ft 8 in) Wing area: 8.7 m² (93.2 ft²) Empty weight: 350 kg (772 lb) Gross weight: 600 kg (1325 lb) Powerplant: 1 × Diesel Air, 74 kW (100 hp)
PerformanceMaximum speed: 290 km/h (180 mph) Stall Speed: 75 km/h (47 mph)Maximum Speed: 340 km/h (211 mph)Climb Rate: 9 m/s (1771 ft/m)Take off distance: 155 m (508 ft)Landing Distance 200 m (656 ft)Load factor: +6g/-4gEngine: Diesel 100 hp2 blade fixed pitch propeller
8Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
3Xtrim 3X55 Trener
General characteristicsCrew: 1Capacity: 1 passengerLength: 6.87 m (22 ft 5 in)Wingspan: 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)Height: 2.40 m (7 ft 10 in)Wing area: 12.6 m² (134 ft²)Empty weight: 325 kg (715 lb)Loaded weight: kg (lb)Max takeoff weight: 550 kg (1,212 lb)Powerplant: 1× Rotax 912, 75 kW (100 hp)
Performance:Maximum speed: 203 km/h (109 knots, 125 mph)Range: 720 km (388 nm, 446 mi)Service ceiling: 4,000m (13,000ft)Rate of climb: 5.12 m/s (1000 ft/min)Wing loading: 46.5 kg/m² (9.52lb/ft²)Power/mass: 14 W/kg (12.12 lb/hp)
9Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Allegro 2007
General characteristicsCrew: one, pilotCapacity: one passengerLength: 6.1 m (20 ft)Wingspan: 10.8 m (35 ft)Height: 2.1 m (7 ft)Wing area: 11.4 m² (122 ft²)Empty weight: 282 kg ()Loaded weight: 600 kg (LSA US version) (472.5 kg (EU version with parachute))Max takeoff weight: 600 kg (US LSA, varies in othercountries) (1,320 lb (599 kg))Powerplant: 1× Rotax 912S 4-cylinder, 4-stroke liquid/air-cooled engine, 75 kW (100 hp)80 hpFuel capacity: 63 litres (103 litres incl.extra wing tanks)
PerformanceNever exceed speed: 220 km/h (119 knots)Maximum speed: 220 km/h (119 knots)Cruise speed: 175 km/h (95 knots)Stall speed: 65 km/h (34 knots)Range: 800 km (1400 km with extra wing tanks)Service ceiling: 4,572 m (15,000 ft)Rate of climb: 6 m/s (1200 ft/min)Power/mass: 13.2 lb/hp
10Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
FK 14 PolarisGeneral characteristics
Crew: one pilotCapacity: 1 passengerLength: 5.69 m (18 ft 8 in)Wingspan: 9.04 m (29 ft 8 in)Wing area: 9,10 m²Empty weight: 284 kg (626 lb)Gross weight: 520 kg (1,146 lb)Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 912, 60 kW (80 hp)
PerformanceCruising speed: 235 km/h (147 mph)Rate of climb: 7.6 m/s (1,500 ft/min)never exceed speed VNE : 250 km/h max. speed in turbulence VRA : 225 km/h maneuvering speed VA : 172 km/h best angle of climb (flaps pos. 1) VX : 100 km/h best rate of climb (flaps up) VY : 145 km/h maximum crosswind component CWC: 28 km/h Stall speed:
Flap pos. VS VFE Remark3 65 km/h 100 km/h short field landing2 71 km/h 115 km/h normal landing
1 79 km/h 125 km/h takeoff0 86 km/h 250 km/h cruise
11Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Cessna 162
General characteristicsCrew: one pilotCapacity: one passengerLength: 22.8 ft (6.95 m)Wingspan: 30.0 ft (9.14 m)Height: 8.53 ft (2.53 m)Wing area: 120 ft² (11.14 m²)Empty weight: 830 lb (376.5 kg)Useful load: 490 lb (222.3 kg)Max takeoff weight: 1,320 lb (598.7 kg)Powerplant: 1× Continental O-200D flat-four engine, 100 hp (74.6 kW)
PerformanceMaximum speed: 118 knots (218 km/h)Cruise speed: 112 knots (207 km/h)Range: 470 nm (870 km) at 6,000 ft (1830 m)Service ceiling: 15,500 ft (4727 m)Rate of climb: 890 ft/min (4.52 m/s)Wing loading: 11.0 lb/ft² (55.0 kg/m²)Power/mass: 13.2 lb/hp (8.04 kg/kW)
12Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
CTSWGeneral characteristics
Crew: one, pilotCapacity: one passengerLength: 6.22 m (20 ft 5 in)Wingspan: 8.50 m (27 ft 11 in)Height: 2.15 m (7 ft 1 in)Wing area: 9.94 m² (107 ft²)Empty weight: 318 kg (LSA US version) (262 kg (EU base version))Loaded weight: 600 kg (LSA US version) (472.5 kg (EU version withparachute))Max takeoff weight: 600 kg (US LSA, varies in other countries) (1,320 lb (599 kg))Powerplant: 1× Rotax 912S 4-cylinder, 4-stroke liquid/air-cooledengine, 75 kW (100 hp)Fuel capacity: 126 litres, 120 litres usable (33 gal)Baggage capacity: 50 kg (110 lb)
PerformanceNever exceed speed: 301 km/h (145 knots (US LSA))Maximum speed: 230 km/h (138 mph)Cruise speed: 112 knots (129 mph) (207 km/h) (75% at sea level) (US LSA)Stall speed: 65 km/h (40 mph)Range: 1266 km (660 nm)Service ceiling: 4,572 m (15,000 ft)Rate of climb: 4.9 m/s (960 ft/min)Wing loading: 61 kg/m² (12.3 lb/ft²)Power/mass: 13.2 lb/hp (120 W/kg)
13Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Europa XS - IGeneral characteristics
Length: 19 ft 2 in (5.84 m)Wingspan: 27 ft 2 in (8.28 m)Height: 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m)Wing area: 102 ft² (9.48 m²)Wing loading at max take-off weight 13.43 lb/ft2 66 kg/m2Empty weight: 780 lb (354 kg)Gross weight: 1370 lb (623 kg) each
Weights and LoadingEmpty weight (typically equipped)
Monowheel: 750 lb/340 kgTri-gear: 780lb/ 354 kg
Maximum take-off weightMonowheel 1370lb / 623 kg
Power loading (Rotax 912S) 13.70 lb/hp 8.4 kg/kwg loading
Design: +3.80 / -1,90Ultimate: +8.55 / -4.27
14Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Europa XS - IIPerformance
Cruise speed: 155-161 mph (249-259 km/h)Range: 732 miles (1355 km)Rate of climb: 1000 ft/min (5.1 m/s) Stall speed flaps extended: 51mph / 44kts / 81kphStall speed clean: 57mph , 49kts, 90kphCruise speed 8,000 ft 75 % pwr (Rotax 912s) (TAS)
Monowheel:161mph, 140kts, 259kphTri-gear: 155mph, 135kts, 250kph
Max cruise speed 10,000 ft 75% pwr (Rotax 914 turbo)(TAS)Monowheel: 200mph, 174kts, 322kphTri-gear: 191mph, 166kts, 307kph
Rate of climb at 1370 lb gross weight (Rotax 912s): 1000 fpm, 5.1 m per sec.(Rotax 914 turbo): 1300 fpm, 6.6 m per sec
Take-off ground roll at gross weight (Rotax 912s) 590ft, 180m (Rotax 914 turbo) 500 ft, 153m
Landing roll: 600ft, 184 mMax fuel
standard: 18 us gal , 70 litresaux tank: 28 us gal , 105 litres
Fuel consumption at economy cruise (95-100 kts): 2 imp gal/hr, 9 ltr/hrRange at economy cruise:
Standard tanks: 732 nm, 1355 km, 841 smAux tanks: 1093 nm, 2023 km, 1256 sm
15Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Ikarus C42General characteristics
Crew: 1Capacity: 1 passengerLength: 20 ft 6 in (6.25 m)Wingspan: 31 ft 0 in (9.45 m)Height: 7 ft 4 in (2.24 m)Wing area: 134.5 ft² (12.5 m²)Empty weight: 583 lb (265 kg)Max takeoff weight: (depends on country) approx 1,041 lb (473 kg)Powerplant: 1× Rotax 912s flat-4 engine, 100 hp (75 kW) three-blade, ground adjusted, carbon fibre,fixed-pitch propeller
PerformanceRange: 432 miles (375 nm, 695 km)Extended range 898 miles (780 nm, 1,445 km) with long-rangetanksRate of climb: 1050 ft/min (320 m/min)Speeds:
VR (rotation): 40 KIAS (74 km/h)VY (best rate of climb): 62 KIAS (115 km/h)VA (maneuvering): 82 KIAS (152 km/h)VNO (max cruise): 105 KIAS (194 km/h)VNE (never exceed): 121 KIAS (224 km/h)VFE (flaps extended): 63 KIAS (117 km/h)VREF (40° flaps, approach): 52 - 60 KIAS (96 - 111 km/h)VS0 (stall, dirty): 33 KIAS (61 km/h)VS1 (stall, clean): 42 KIAS (78 km/h)
16Cálculo de Aviones © 2009 Sergio Esteban Roncero, [email protected]
Storm Rally
General CharactersiticsExterior Dimensions
Span 30ft, 1inLength 23ft, 2inHeight 7ftWing Area 124.96 sq ft
Interior DimensionsCabin height (top of seats to roof) 40inCabin width (door to door, at the handle) 43.7inCabin length Instrument panel to rear bulkhead(baggage area) 70inBaggage Space (Volume) 16 cubic ft
PerformancePower Plant Systems Rotax 912 UL S2Power/rpm 100 hp / 5800 rpmPropeller: carbon fiber 3 blades ground adjustableDiameter 70inSpeed
Maximum at sea level 120 knotsCruise 75% power at 2000 ft, ISA conditions 107 knots