1 EIfER

Energy planning for territories

Resources, Energy mix,

Energy efficiency

Gilles POYAC - AER Committee C Plenary Meeting, 20th April 2006, Valencia

2 EIfER

Contents

1. Brief presentation of EIfER

2. Energy planning & territories

3. Strategies for local energy mix & energy efficiency

4. Assessment of regional renewable resources

5. Conclusion

3 EIfER

Contents

1. Brief presentation of EIfER

2. Energy planning & territories

3. Strategies for local energy mix & energy efficiency

4. Assessment of regional renewable resources

5. Conclusion

EIfER4

Created in 2002 in Karlsruhe, Germany

EGEI / two mother companies :

Electricité de France Universität Karlsruhe

Mission :

to develop clean energy technologies and tools for the sustainable development of cities and territories

EIfER: European Institute for Energy Research

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• 50 researchers

• About 10 PhD and trainees

•Mainly French and German (up to 9 nationalities)

• Multi-disciplinary competences

distributed energy engineering (fuel cells, microturbines, etc.)renewable energy technologies urbanism & architectureenergy planningeconomicssociology …

Current staff

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Structure : 3 disciplinary groups

Distributed Resources

Identify the role Distributed Energy could play in supplying energy

• Development and implementation of Distributed Energy systems

• Techno-economical analyses

• Laboratory tests

• Demonstration sites

Innovative Processes Models for Environment

Produce technological innovations for the development of environmentally friendly energy production means

• Fuel cells

• Stirling engines

• Microturbines

• CHP technology

• TRIZ Method

Assist cities and territories in implementing sustainable concepts

• Energy efficiency studies

• Deployment of renewable energies

• Analysis and simulation of energy flows

• Geographical analyses (GIS)

7 EIfER

Contents

1. Brief presentation of EIfER

2. Energy planning & territories

3. Strategies for local energy mix & energy efficiency

4. Assessment of regional renewable resources

5. Conclusion

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Energy planning for territories: scales

Production means

BuildingDistrict

City

Region

3 levels

1

2

3

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1. Regional level influence on local level (+ some control over project level)

2. Local level influence on / control over project level

3. Project level effective deployment of renewable energy technologies effective implementation of energy efficiency measures

Decision chain: simplified scheme

Opportunity study

Feasibility study

Detailed techno-economical analysis

10 EIfER

Contents

1. Brief presentation of EIfER

2. Energy planning & territories

3. Strategies for local energy mix & energy efficiency

4. Assessment of regional renewable resources

5. Conclusion

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Narbonne

Languedoc-Roussillon (F) Erstein

Alsace (F)

Case studies

Cities (adaptable at the regional level)

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Energy & CO2 balance

Energy system: modeling energy flows, emissions and costs(all sectors, all energy vectors)

Erstein 2003 Alsace 1999 France 1999

Recommendations, action plan (energy efficiency, CO2 mitigation)

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Case study: energy efficiency

Émissions 2003

Narbonne:

Transports = 52% of total emissions

Mainly motorways and main/secondary roads

Energy efficiency plan directly linked with the regional level (traffic & emissions models)

[ Same with industry ]

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Local energy mix

Erstein:

Energy mix for public buildings

Option: wood-fired boiler room

Feasibility depending on resource parameters cities can not easily identify

> importance of regional resources studies

Contribution of the wood-fired boiler

(C02 emissions)

15 EIfER

Contents

1. Brief presentation of EIfER

2. Energy planning & territories

3. Strategies for local energy mix & energy efficiency

4. Assessment of regional renewable resources

5. Conclusion

EIfER16

Biomass (wood)

Northern Black Forest (D) Biogas

Baden-Württemberg (D) Geothermal power production

Alsace (F)

Case studies

Upper Rhine region

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Biomass: GIS-based energy wood resource assessment in the northern Black Forest region (I)

Study area and partners

• Black Forest• 57% forest (mainly public)

Source: http://www.nordschwarzwald-region.de/

• The Forest State Administration (Landesforstverwaltung B.W.)• The regional planning authority (Regionalverband NSW)• University of Karlsruhe (EIfER, IPF)• EDF

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Biomass: GIS-based energy wood resource assessment in the northern Black Forest region (II)

Diameter of the tree (BHD)

Production costs rise exponentially with smaller tree diameters

Slope

Applicability of highly automated machines is limited to max. 30% slope

Tree species

Wood energetic value depends on the tree species

Transport distances

Wood chip production chain and related cost factors

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Biomass: GIS-based energy wood resource assessment in the northern Black Forest region (III)

Model the theoretical potential

Model costs for wood chip production for each forest stand

Model transport costs

Layers: - road network's nodes- forest plots- digital terrain model

Methodology

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Biomass: GIS-based energy wood resource assessment in the northern Black Forest region (IV)

Wood chip processing costs for each forest stand

Show all forest stands that offer more than x tons dry mass/ha and where mobilization costs is less than y €/m³

Supply curves for scenarios with respect to several parameters

Wood energy potential can be modeled as steady function of wood chip market price supply curves

Some results

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Biogas: Optimized sitting of co-fermentation plants in Baden Württemberg

Total accumulated methane potential differentiated into distances

Applied road distances around the locations – restricted to the study region

• EDF R&D / SPE

• Uni KA: DFIU, IPF

• BIG: Biomass Interest Group

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Geothermics: potential assessment of deep aquifers for power production in Alsace (I)

F

D

• EIfER• BRGM Alsace• ADEME• ÉS

Potential for geothermal power production depends on :

- depth of the aquifer- temperature of the aquifer- thickness of the aquifer

Study area and partners

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3437 TWh which is more than 250 times the annual electricity consumption in the region.

Grande Oolithe Muschelkalk Buntsandstein

• In practice, the accessible resource that can be extracted is only a part of the total resource.

• The ratio depends on the availability of fluids in the aquifers (expressed by the transmissivity of the aquifer) and the time during which the extraction can be economically carried out.

Geothermics: potential assessment of deep aquifers for power production in Alsace (II)

Power production potential for 3 main aquifers

EIfER24Water streams

Optimal locations criteria

Depth Potential

Faults Industrial / urban areasResources

Land cover

Geothermics: potential assessment of deep aquifers for power production in Alsace (III)

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Strasbourg

Mulhouse

Geothermics: potential assessment of deep aquifers for power production in Alsace (IV)

Optimal locations results

26 EIfER

Contents

1. Brief presentation of EIfER

2. Energy planning & territories

3. Strategies for local energy mix & energy efficiency

4. Assessment of regional renewable resources

5. Conclusion

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Conclusion (I)

Real world

Analysisof data

Decisionmaking

Data collection and

management

Strategic levelmulti-criteria

geographical analysis=

link between regional and local levels

A regional opportunity study (e.g. renewable energy resources) can provide realistic potentials and localization recommendations directly usable for local feasibility studies.

Every local detailed study can enrich the regional database.

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Conclusion (II)

Energy planning at the regional level:

assessment of the potentials (RES, energy efficiency, …) using multi-

criteria geographical analyses

modeling of energy flows and impacts of scenarios (derived from

potentials)

Benefits:

facilitation of the implementation at the local level (feasibility information,

best practices)

improved orientation (modeling, prospective)

possible definition of precise regional targets (monitoring)

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Thank you.