Ma.Emilia Zuniga Michelle Mantooth Daniel Coronel

Ancient Egyptian Civilizatio

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Geography Egypt is located in northeast Africa.

Although its boundaries have changed we can consider that it is bordered on the north by the Mediterranean Sea, on the south by Sudan, on the east by the Red Sea and the Sinai Peninsula, on the west by the Libyan Desert.

Time period The civilization began around 3150 BC

with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh. The rule of the pharaohs officially ended in 31 BC when the early Roman Empire conquered Egypt and made it a province. I lasted for about 3,000 years.

The Old Kingdom Was divided into three time periods called

Pharaonic periods: This period started 2700 bce and ended

2200 bce years ago. Pharaohs had absolute power and were considered gods on earth".  Pharaohs were buried in pyramids only during this time period in history. The rulers of the old kingdom were  Djoser, Snferu, Khufu, who built the Great Pyramid of Giza,  Menkaeura, who built the smallest pyramid in Giza, Shepsekaf and, Djedefptah

The Middle Kingdom This period started 2100 BCE and ended 1800 BCE.

The middle kingdom was Egypt's Golden Age. Trade flourished, arts and literature flourished. Egypt built strong armies to defend itself against its neighbors. During the time period of the middle kingdom, pharaohs were expected to be good kings and wise rulers. 

Instead of building huge expensive pyramids, when pharaohs died, they were buried in hidden tombs. These tombs were all over ancient Egypt. There are tombs yet to be discovered by modern archaeologists because they were hidden so well. 

The New Kingdom This Kingdom Started 1500 BCE and ended

1000 BCE. The new kingdom was Egypt's expansion period. Egypt expanded her borders through military conquest and became a world power. 

During the time period of the new kingdom, pharaohs were all powerful, and pharaohs were all buried in the same geographic area called the Valley of the 

Kings

Government Their government was a monarchy ruled

by a emperor called pharaoh There has been just one women as

pharaoh

Economy Egypt's economy is based on agriculture

and livestock complete with crafts and trade.

The lands were fertilized annually by the flooding of the Nile and cereals were cultivated to make bread and beer, vegetables, flax to produce fabrics, etc.. Livestock was primarily cattle. And the Egyptians were skilled craftsmen

Belief Religion was very important to the ancient

Egyptians. Their religion was influenced strongly by tradition, which caused them to resist change.

One of the very strong traditions was that of Divine Kingship. The monarchy is the belief that the pharaoh was not only the King (political ruler) but also a god. The Pharaoh was associated with Horus, son of Amon-Ra, the sun god was believed that after death he became Osiris, and helped the Egyptians in their after life

Technology The Egyptians invented and used many

basic machines, such as the ramp, the wheel and the lever, to aid construction processes. They used rope trusses to stiffen the beam of ships.

Writing The ancient Egyptians believes that it

was important to record information about religion and government so they came up with written scripts to record and communicate this information. The most famous of all ancient Egyptian scripts are hieroglyphics.

Art/Agriculture The great architectural achievements of the past are built of stone. The

Egyptians used large blocks of granite, limestone, and sandstone to build pyramids and tombs for the pharaohs. One of the most notable and lasting achievements of the Ancient Egyptians are their pyramids. The size, design, and structure of the pyramids reveal the skill of these ancient builders. The Egyptians believed that a king's soul continued to live after his death. To ensure that they would continue to enjoy the blessings of the gods, they preserved the pharaoh's body through the mummification process. They built the pyramids to protect the pharaoh's body, the pyramid was a symbol of hope, because it would ensure the pharaoh's union with the gods.

The largest pyramid is 481 feet high, by 775 feet long at each of its four bases.

The Egyptians were very skilled craftsman . They made drawings in temples and tombs reflecting their everyday life. They also made jewelry made from gold and precious stones, glass figures and containers.

Slavery Slaves were used in ancient Egypt. The

pyramids of Egypt were built by slaves. They were built by thousands of foreign slaves under harsh conditions. Slavery in Ancient Egypt started in the Old Kingdom.

Rise and Fall

Contributions Eye make up Written language papyrus sheets The calendar The plow Breath mints The doorlock toothpaste

Golden Age the Fourth Dynasty of ancient

Egypt (notated Dynasty IV or Dynasty 4) is characterized as the Golden Age of the Old Kingdom. Dynasty IV lasted from ca. 2613 to 2494 BC. It was a time of peace and prosperity as well as one during which trade with other countries is documented.

Modern Egypt Modern Egypt is now a great and

sorveign nation on the middle east although it had have a lot of internal conflicts it is really interesting for the tourists.

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