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L.T. Doulos, PhD, MSc, [email protected] Lighting Design, Hellenic Open University Photometry Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 1 st International Conference Energy in Buildings, Cyprus

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Page 1: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

L.T. Doulos, PhD, MSc, [email protected]

Lighting Design, Hellenic Open University

Photometry Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens

Efficient Indoor Lighting Design

Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017

1st International Conference “Energy in Buildings”, Cyprus

Page 2: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Who we are…

• Luminaires

• Lamps

• Photometric, Electrical, Color, Spectral measurements

http://lighting.ece.ntua.gr/

Page 3: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

What we do…

• Measuring LED pilot installations in municipalities and national roads

• Tunnel lighting (new installations, energy savings etc)

• Maintenance http://lighting.ece.ntua.gr/

Page 4: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Lighting design is changing…

• Standards

• More available information

• Optical comfort

• More and more efficient equipment, new technologies

• Lighting control, sensors, dimmers

• Energy savings and low maintenance costs

• Smart buildings

Page 5: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

• Office

• Commercial buildings

• Hotel

• Industry – Warehouses

• Hospital

• Entertainment (wine bars, coffee shops)

• Households

Efficient lighting design is more and more necessary

Page 6: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Lighting design and standards

• ΕΝ 12464-1, 2011. Light and lighting - Lighting of work places, Part 1: Indoor work places

Tip: Lighting simulation tools (RELUX, Dialux) have tables with the limits

Be careful: Don’t place more luminaires than enough , for 500lux don’t calculate 650lux For Greece: Κ.Υ.Α. Δ6/Β/14826 17/6/2008

Page 7: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Light design using ΕΝ 12464-1, 2011

Licht.de Guide to DIN EN 12464-1

Page 8: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

An example

Page 9: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Glare index UGR

Page 10: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Color rendering index Ra

Color quality matters

Page 11: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Ra or CRI;

Using the LED spectrum and standard test strips, it is examined how the LED renders each standard colour

Page 12: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Color temperature and emotional response

Viitanen J., J. Lehtovaara, E. Tetri, L. Halonen. User Preferences in Office Lighting: A Case Study Comparing LED and T5 Lighting, Leukos, 9, 4, (2013) 261-290

Users noted as the most pleasant color temperature 4100Κ for 500lx Users noted that eitherΤ5 fluorescent lamps or LED have the same emotional response

Kruithof, 1941

Page 13: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Photo biological hazards

Blue light hazard: increase distance from the source, no direct contact

Circadian disorder: Avoid “cold” color temperature after dusk

ΦΕΚ 145, 1/9/2010, Π.Δ. 82, 3075-3094 - Lighting Europe, February 2013

Photobiological hazards

Blue light hazard

ΙR Infra Red hazard

UV Ultra Violet hazard

Circadian rhythm disorder

Special halogen lamps

LED, MH with clear tube

MH without filters

?

Page 14: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Can we use 12000K lamps?

Viitanen J., J. Lehtovaara, E. Tetri, L. Halonen. User Preferences in Office Lighting: A Case Study Comparing LED and T5 Lighting, Leukos, 9, 4, (2013) 261-290

Users reported as most pleasant color temperature close to 4100Κ and no difference between T5 lamps and LEDs (Office use, 500lux)

Page 15: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Luminous efficacy and T5 lamps (lm/W)

75,9 lm/W*

82,4 lm/W*

* Without taken account ballast

6.500Κ

2.700Κ

Page 16: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Luminous efficacy and LED (lm/W)

111,5 lm/W

6.500Κ

3.000Κ

101,6 lm/W

Page 17: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Luminous efficacy for luminaires (lm/W)

minimum value for Greece → 55 lm/W

luminous flux of lamps

luminaire efficiency

luminous flux of

luminaire

Power of lamp

Power of Ballast or driver

Power of luminaire

Page 18: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

An example

8.900lm X 75,34%

2 X 54W + ballast

6.705lm 56,44 lm/W

118,8W*

82,4 lm/W**

** only lamp

* 20%-25% for electromagnetic ballast, 5%-10% for electronic ballast

Page 19: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

More standards

Technical guidelines:

• Illuminance levels

• W/m2 (Greece: 16 W/m2 for lighting levels 500lx)

• Daylight zones

• Users schedules

• ΕΝ 12464-1:2011 Light and lighting — Lighting of work places Part 1 Indoor work places

• EN 15193:2007 Energy performance of buildings. Energy requirements for lighting.

Page 20: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

With a LED retrofit the installation will be lower than 16W/m2. Is it enough? (EN15193: Energy performance of buildings — Energy requirements for lighting)

W/m2, maybe it is time for a stricter limit?

Page 21: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Typical luminous efficacies of lamps and luminaires lm/W

Lamp type Luminous efficacy of

lamps (lm/W) LOR

Luminous efficacy of luminaire (lm/W)

Fluorescent Τ5 90 70% 63

Fluorescent Τ8 80 70% 56

LED 160 70% 112

ΗPS 140 70% 98

HPM 60 70% 42

MH 120 70% 84

CFL 60 60% 36

Page 22: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Less energy efficient lamps are banned

• “COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 245/2009 of 18 March 2009*” from April 2015 High Intensity Discharge lamps with low luminous efficacy (lm/W) are banned

• ΗPM lamps have banned

54,4 – 60lm/W

HPM lamp

* EC Regulations are mandatory in Ε.U. countries

Page 23: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Can we just replace HPS lamps from 400W to 250W or 150W;

Luminaire HPS 250W Lamp 250W Lamp 150W

288,9W 265,5W 100% Στο 92%

Luminaire HPS 400W Lamp 400W Lamp 250W

429,0W 428,1W 100% Στο 99,8%

Replacement;

Life time;

Photometric results;

?

Page 24: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Dimming profiles of ballasts and drivers

Doulos T. L. et al. Quantifying energy savings in daylight responsive systems : The role of dimming electronic ballasts, Energy and Buildings 40 (2008) 36–50

Page 25: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

238 lux

227 lux

214 lux

Light economics

15 luminaires 2Χ36W T8

Installed power 1,3kW

Power reduction 56% Reduced maintenance costs

The feasibility study will result in the selection with the fewest luminaires

Scenario Α, retrofit 1 to 1 15 luminaires 38W LED Installed power 0,57kW

Scenario Β, retrofit with fewer luminaires 10 luminaires 57W LED Installed power 0,57kW

Page 26: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

LED can be dimmed to the proper lighting levels

Target illuminance: 300lx

356 lx, Uo 0,72, 7,32W/m2 , 63,7 lm/W

The same luminaire LED increasing current (and heat sink) can be used

for target illuminance 500lx

Page 27: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Malpractice with LED driver

With proper driver

Max 79,1 oC

Malpractice

Max 151,3 oC

Fast ageing

Page 28: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Using LED luminaire or Τ8 LED tubes?

What is happening with CE;

LED Luminaires: more expensive but more efficient and according standards

Page 29: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Selecting the proper luminaire

• Lighting Output Ratio, luminous efficacy • Type of the lamps • Optical equipment (Lens, anti glare etc) • Placement and volume of luminaire • IP protection

Page 30: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting
Page 31: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting
Page 32: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting
Page 33: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

The selection of the light distribution

Page 34: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting
Page 35: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Finally… the specifications

• Photometric calculations according ΕΝ12464-1

• Energy national rules

• High LOR, Luminous Efficacy >90lm/W

• Power Factor >0,9

• Color Temperature 3000Κ-4000Κ, CRI not only Ra8 > 80 but also Ra15 > 80

• Replaceable LED modules

• Heat sink and check with thermophotography

Page 36: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

More specifications

• Life time with high LLMF factor

• Declaration of Conformity CE, Photobiological safety, Restriction of the use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment Directive ROHS, ISO κλπ

• Proper light distribution

• Photometric files *.ldt ή *.ies

• Warranty

Page 37: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

The placement of the luminaires isn’t lighting design

Page 38: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Relux a free lighting simulation tool

Sensor placement

Emergency lighting according EN 1838

Energy calculations according EN 15193 and

DIN 18599

Interior lighting according EN 12464 -1

Exterior lighting according EN 12464 -2

Road lighting according EN 13201 and Tunnel lighting

www.relux.biz

Page 39: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Thank you

Page 40: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Lighting Standards

• For luminaires

• For lighting design

Page 41: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Φωτιστικά σώματα και πρότυπα

• Declaration of Conformity from manufacturer CE

• Electromagnetic compatibility Directive (EMC)

• Low Voltage Directive (LVD)

• EN 62031 ( Ασφάλεια των LED στον γενικό φωτισμό)

• ΕΝ 62471 ( Πρότυπο για τη κατηγοριοποίηση των δομικών μονάδων LED ως προς την φωτοβιολογική καταλληλότητα / ασφάλεια)

• Πιστοποιητικά ISO 9001:2008 και ISO 14001:2004 για το εργοστάσιο κατασκευής από αναγνωρισμένο φορέα πιστοποίησης

• Restriction of the use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment Directive (RoHS)

Page 42: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

Is ENEC necessary;

Private logo

• CE

• Φωτοβιολογική καταλληλότητα

• ROHS

• ISO

…, however….

• Υποχρεωτική είναι η σήμανση CE*

• Δεν είναι υποχρεωτική η πιστοποίηση ΕΝΕC

Page 43: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

CE - EMC

Πρότυπο Περιγραφή μέτρησης Θύρα Τάξη

EN 55015 Αγόμενες διαταραχές

9kHz έως 30MHz AC τροφοδοσία B

EN 55015 Εκπεμπόμενες διαταραχές

9kHz έως 30MHz Περίβλημα B

EN 55015 Εκπεμπόμενες διαταραχές 30MHz έως 300MHz Περίβλημα B

ΕΝ 61000-3-2 Διαταραχές αρμονικών ρεύματος AC τροφοδοσία C

EN 61000-3-3 Διακυμάνσεις τάσης AC τροφοδοσία -

Πρότυπο Περιγραφή μέτρησης Θύρα Επίπεδο Κριτήριο

EN 61000-4-2 Ηλεκτροστατικές εκφορτίσεις Περίβλημα ±8kV αέρος

±4kV επαφής

B

Β

EN 61000-4-3 RF εκπεμπόμενο ΗΜ πεδίο Περίβλημα 3V/m A

EN 61000-4-4 Ριπές παλμών AC τροφοδοσία ±1kV B

EN 61000-4-4 Ριπές παλμών Signal and telecom. ±1kV B

EN 61000-4-5 Υπερτάσεις - Υπερεντάσεις AC τροφοδοσία L PE ±2kV

Lines ±1kV C

EN 61000-4-5 Υπερτάσεις - Υπερεντάσεις Signal and telecom. B

EN 61000-4-6 RF αγόμενο ΗΜ πεδίο AC τροφοδοσία 3V A

EN 61000-4-6 RF αγόμενο ΗΜ πεδίο Signal and telecom. 3V A

EN 61000-4-8 Μαγνητικό πεδίο βιομηχανικής

συχνότητας Περίβλημα 3A/m A

EN 61000-4-11 Βυθίσεις και διακοπές τάσεις AC τροφοδοσία 0,5 κύκλος

10 κύκλοι

B

C

• Μετρήσεις διαταραχών

• Δοκιμές ατρωσίας

Page 44: Efficient Indoor Lighting Design - ashrae.gr · Efficient Indoor Lighting Design Miramare Hotel, Limassol, Thursday 4 May 2017 ... according EN 15193 and DIN 18599Exterior lighting

CE - LVD

• Δοκιμές ασφάλειας

Δοκίμιο Υπηρεσία Πρότυπο

Φωτιστικό Σώμα LED Δρόμου Δοκιμές τύπου EN 60598-1

EN 60598-2-3

Φωτιστικό Σώμα LED Εσωτερικού Χώρου Δοκιμές τύπου EN 60598-1

EN 60598-2-1

Φωτιστικό Σώμα LED Χωνευτό Δοκιμές τύπου EN 60598-1

EN 60598-2-2

Αξιολόγηση εξοπλισμού φωτισμού σχετικού με την

ανθρώπινη έκθεση σε ηλεκτρομαγνητι-κά πεδία (αν έχουν

γίνει οι δοκιμές EMC)

Δοκιμές τύπου EN 62493

Αξιολόγηση εξοπλισμού φωτισμού σχετικού με την

ανθρώπινη έκθεση σε ηλεκτρομαγνητι-κά πεδία (αν δεν

έχουν γίνει οι δοκιμές EMC)

Δοκιμές τύπου EN 62493

Φωτιστικό Σώμα LED Έλεγχος Τεκμηρίωσης για

Συμμόρφωση με ROHS -