effects of cooling versus active and passive recovery interventions in handball
DESCRIPTION
Purpose: Junior male handball players (n=15) were studied to examine the effect of Cooling versus Active and Passive Recovery interventions in the half of two 30 minutes trainings. Methods: Four test batteries (W, T1, Recov, T2) composed of Rate of Perceived Exertion and Thermal Stress Scales, blood samples taken from the earlobe to determine lactate level, countermovement jump, hand grip strength test and 10 meters sprint with light signal reaction time, were used during a simulated handball match. After 10 minutes of warm-up (W), two sessions of 30 minutes training (T1, T2) were separated by an 8 minutes recovery (Recov) period. During Recov one of the three recovery interventions (cooling vest applied on the upper body, cycling and seated rest) was applied. Results: Cycling group showed a lower blood lactate concentration during Recov (pTRANSCRIPT
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Applicazione del recupero attivo, termico e passivo nell'handball:
modalità a confronto.
Laureando
Marco Iorio
Relatore
Dr. Antonio Tessitore
Correlatore
Dr. Bas de Geus
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Pers J, Bon M, Kovacic S, Sibila M, Dezman B. Observation and analysis of large-scale human motion. Hum Mov Sci. 2002 Jul;21(2):295-311
Handball Performance Profile
1. Team Sport: technical, tactical, psychological/social and physical characteristics;
2. Alternate aerobic-anaerobic metabolism;3. Match Analysis: - distance covered = 4,8 ± 0,32 km; - 7% in sprinting (s > 5,2 m/s); - 25% fast running (s < 5,2 m/s); - 31% slow running (s < 3,0 m/s); - 37% walking or standing still (s < 1,4 m/s); - 2600 changes of activity in a match.
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Why Recovery?
High Training Density in preseason
High Match Density in season
Short Recovery Periods
Overreaching
Overtraining
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Thorlund et al. 2008; Wojtys et al. 1996; Gabett 2000; Pinto et al. 1999.
Why Recovery in the half time?
1. Decrease of performance in the 2nd
Half;
2. Increase of Injuries in the 2nd Half.
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1. Active Recovery: Decrease of blood lactate level (Reilly 2002; Spierer 1996)
2. Thermal Applications :1. Cryotherapy and coooling :
Decrease of blood flow, acute inflammation in muscle damage, muscle pain, swelling and lose of force
(Yanagisawa 2003)
2. Contrast temperature:Increase of blood flow, decrease of blood lactate, decrese of muscolar inflammatory rections, oedema (Coffey 2004)
Recovery Literature
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3. Electromyostimulation DOMS decrease (Tessitore et al. 2008), blood lactate decrease (Martin et al. 2007)
4. Stretching:Range of motion increase (Magnusson 2005) but, decrease of power (Shrier 2004), decrease of sprint speed (Nelson 2005)
5. Massage:Blood Lactate decrease (Weerapong 2005)
6. Other interventions:Hot water immersion, active recovery in water, compression garments, passive recovery.
Recovery Literature
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Recovery Literature
But…
1. Contrasting Results for every kind of interventions
2. No research applied during half time
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Purpose
May Cooling or Active Recovery, applied during the rest between two halves of a simulated Handball match, improve the players’s performance?
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- Subject: hanball players (n = 15; age = 18,27±1,33 years;weight 79,50±7,33 kg; height = 1,83±0,05; BMI = 23,65±2,04).
- Trial Protocol (1 Familiarization + 3 Trial):
(Training protocol: W=warm-up - 10’; T1=training 1 - 30’; R= Recovery - 10’; T2=training 2 - 30’)
(Test Batteries: tests take the name of training sections: Test1=W; Test2=T1; Test3=R; Test4=T2)
Materials and methods
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Recovery Protocols:- Cooling Group: 8 min of cooling vest application,
seated;
- Cycling Group: 8 min of cycling at 120 bpm;
- Control Group: 8 min seated.
Materials and methods
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Test Protocol: - Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale; - Thermal Stress scale (PT); - Blood Sample (lactate level taken from the
earlobe); - Countermovement Jump (CMJ); - Hand Grip Strength Test; - 10 meters Sprint + Light signal Reaction Time.
Heart Rate were measured during the whole trials
Materials and methods
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Materials Recovery Interventions
Cooling: - Cooling Vest: vest (Jako Double, Hollenbach,
Belgium) + ice packs (4 sizes, Naqi, Halen, Belgium);
- Wet underwear t-shirt; - Rectal Thermister (LT-8°, Saitama, Japan); Cycling: - cyclergometer (n=5) + heart rate monitors
(n=5).
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- RPE (Borg) Scale;- Thermal Stress Scale;- Bionsen 5030, EKF Diagnostic, Germany;- Optojump Microgate, Italy;- Hidraulic Hand Dynamometer, Saehan Corporation,
Korea;- Powertimer Newtest, Finland;- Polar Team System, Finland.
Materials test Battery
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Results of cycling group
Lower Blood Lactate Concentration in R (p<0,05)
Decrease of forearms flexor muscle strenght in T2 (p<0,006)
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Results of cooling group
*
Ѳ: p=0,062
Ѳ
High Decrease of Perceived Temperature in R (p<0,001)
High Decrease of Heart Rate in R (p<0,001)
Tendency to significantly lower RPE in R (p=0,062)
Faster Reaction Time in R and T2 (p<0,001)
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Conclusion
Recovery Interventions don’t seems to improve player’s muscolar or metabolic performance...
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Conclusion
Limits of Research:1.No Literature;2.High number of variables;3.Cooling Vest.
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Discussion
Decrease of RPE, PT, HR & RT correlated?
Wich kind of Intervention?
New COOLING Research
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Thank You!
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to all the Blits Members…NATUURLIJK!