Effectiveness of Effectiveness of Lookingglass Lookingglass Hatchery Hatchery

UV Disinfection Water SystemUV Disinfection Water System Sam Onjukka, ODFW Fish Health Services Sam Onjukka, ODFW Fish Health Services

AndAndDiane Deal, Assistant Mgr. Lookingglass Diane Deal, Assistant Mgr. Lookingglass

HatcheryHatchery

Lookingglass Fish HatcheryLookingglass Fish HatcheryCame on-line in 1982Came on-line in 1982

1999 a study conducted by Dr. Warren Groberg, 1999 a study conducted by Dr. Warren Groberg, Sam Onjukka & others, recommended developing Sam Onjukka & others, recommended developing a pathogen free water supply for LGH for disease a pathogen free water supply for LGH for disease managementmanagement

Ultraviolet System = UV SystemUltraviolet System = UV SystemWent on-line in March, 2006Went on-line in March, 2006

Drum FilterDrum Filter

UV Shell/UV lightsUV Shell/UV lights

Inlet/Outlet Weir Inlet/Outlet Weir BoxesBoxes

Gravity flow = Very Gravity flow = Very simple and effective simple and effective systemsystem

Original Cost, $285,000 Original Cost, $285,000 = UV System & Building = UV System & Building

Part 1 -MaintenancePart 1 -Maintenance WeeklyWeekly = Check = Check

spray bar nozzlesspray bar nozzles HourlyHourly = Lube drum = Lube drum

filter, two bogie filter, two bogie wheels and zirkswheels and zirks

MonthlyMonthly = Clean = Clean lamps, spray bar lamps, spray bar filter every other filter every other monthmonth

YearlyYearly = all other = all other service once a year service once a year which includes which includes changing bulbs, changing bulbs, cleaning crystals, cleaning crystals, pressure washing, pressure washing, filter cleaning, etc.filter cleaning, etc.

Maintain a Maintain a Maintenance LogMaintenance Log

Part 1 – Related ExpensesPart 1 – Related ExpensesJuly, 2007 PricesJuly, 2007 Prices

Filter Panels = $186.00 eachFilter Panels = $186.00 each Screen Patching Plugs = $1.28 eachScreen Patching Plugs = $1.28 each O-Rings = $4.00 a pack of 10O-Rings = $4.00 a pack of 10 Nozzles = $4.50 eachNozzles = $4.50 each UV Lamps = $100.00 eachUV Lamps = $100.00 each UV Crystals = $100.00 eachUV Crystals = $100.00 each

Complete back-up sets are kept on station Complete back-up sets are kept on station

Maintenance LogMaintenance Log

Back-Up SystemBack-Up SystemJuly 2007 QuoteJuly 2007 Quote

Cost = $14,323.18Cost = $14,323.18

Additional 14 Additional 14 lamps with Quartz lamps with Quartz sleeves & insert sleeves & insert kit, and Control kit, and Control panel = additional panel = additional dosage or back-up dosage or back-up in case of in case of lamp/panel failurelamp/panel failure

Natural Rearing can now be Natural Rearing can now be accomplished because of the UV accomplished because of the UV

Treated waterTreated water All of Lookingglass Hatchery’s program is All of Lookingglass Hatchery’s program is

being reared at the facilitybeing reared at the facility Frees up facilities that were rearing our Frees up facilities that were rearing our

fry, for other programsfry, for other programs Cost effective – chiller’s are shut down as Cost effective – chiller’s are shut down as

soon as we can put eggs on UV treated soon as we can put eggs on UV treated creek water – Well water supplementation creek water – Well water supplementation becomes < 25% and more water is becomes < 25% and more water is available for de-icing the Intakeavailable for de-icing the Intake

Daily electrical cost, UV = $2.86/day, Daily electrical cost, UV = $2.86/day, Chiller = $8.03 day, Well $215.37/day per Chiller = $8.03 day, Well $215.37/day per 2007 rates2007 rates

Part 2 – Fish Health & Effectiveness of Part 2 – Fish Health & Effectiveness of Lookingglass Hatchery’s UV disinfection Lookingglass Hatchery’s UV disinfection

water systemwater system Less Pathogen loadLess Pathogen load Better water quality = Better Fish HealthBetter water quality = Better Fish Health

Effectiveness of Lookingglass Hatchery Effectiveness of Lookingglass Hatchery UV Disinfection Water System UV Disinfection Water System

Bacterial counts in Pre and Post UV treated WaterBacterial counts in Pre and Post UV treated Water

Sam Onjukka Sam Onjukka

ODFW – Fish Health ServicesODFW – Fish Health Services

Eastern Oregon University, La Grande, OregonEastern Oregon University, La Grande, Oregon

Diane DealDiane Deal

ODFW - Lookingglass HatcheryODFW - Lookingglass Hatchery

Fish Health Recommendations to Reduce Fish Health Recommendations to Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Disease (2002)the Incidence and Severity of Disease (2002)

CategoryCategory FactorFactor RecommendationRecommendationProgramProgram

Constraint(s)Constraint(s)

PreventionPrevention Vertical Vertical TransmissionTransmission

of Rs (BKD)of Rs (BKD)

-Cull eggs from females with -Cull eggs from females with significant Rs infection levels.significant Rs infection levels.(0.200-0.800 concern)(0.200-0.800 concern)

-Genetic concerns-Genetic concerns

-Production goals-Production goals

-Management plan -Management plan

PreventionPrevention Horizontal Horizontal TransmissionTransmission (fish to fish)(fish to fish)

-Rs (BKD)-Rs (BKD)

-IHNV-IHNV

-other -other pathogens pathogens

--Develop pathogen free water Develop pathogen free water supplysupply

-Don’t pass adults (reduce -Don’t pass adults (reduce pathogen load in water)pathogen load in water)

-Segregation Rearing for Rs-Segregation Rearing for Rs

-Reduce Rearing Density-Reduce Rearing Density

Money? Others? Money? Others?

OR Law HB3002OR Law HB3002

# Available Ponds# Available Ponds

#Ponds vs Production#Ponds vs Production

OperationalOperational Routes for Routes for TransmissionTransmission

-Reduce Handling/Marking-Reduce Handling/Marking

-Strict disinfection/Sanitation-Strict disinfection/Sanitation-Evaluation Req.-Evaluation Req.

-Habits/Tradition, $$-Habits/Tradition, $$

TreatmentTreatment Antibiotic Antibiotic TherapyTherapy

-Minimum of two Aquamycin -Minimum of two Aquamycin feedings for Rsfeedings for Rs

-Program & timing-Program & timing

-Water temp. fall-Water temp. fall

Lookingglass Hatchery UV System Lookingglass Hatchery UV System Flow vs. Dose RelationshipFlow vs. Dose Relationship

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1500

Water Flow (GPM)

UV

Dos

e m

Ws

cm-2

14 Lamps 10 Lamps8 Lamps6 Lamps4 Lamps

Effectiveness of the UV SystemEffectiveness of the UV System

Measured by a reduction in total bacterial counts Measured by a reduction in total bacterial counts in post UV treated water as compared to in post UV treated water as compared to

raw Lookingglass Creek water = pre UV treated waterraw Lookingglass Creek water = pre UV treated water

Bacterial Testing ProcedureBacterial Testing Procedure

Water samples collected in sterile containers, Water samples collected in sterile containers, kept dark on ice. kept dark on ice.

Each sample diluted 10 fold in sterile 0.5% Each sample diluted 10 fold in sterile 0.5% NaClNaCl

0.1 ml of each sample and dilution plated onto 0.1 ml of each sample and dilution plated onto Tryptone Yeast Extract agar (TYE-S) agar Tryptone Yeast Extract agar (TYE-S) agar plates in replicate and spread with a flame plates in replicate and spread with a flame sterilized glass hockey stick.sterilized glass hockey stick.

Plates incubated at 18 C for 7 days.Plates incubated at 18 C for 7 days. Bacterial colonies counted and original Bacterial colonies counted and original

concentration in original sample calculated concentration in original sample calculated

(colony forming units per ml = cfu/ml(colony forming units per ml = cfu/ml).).

Bacterial Counts in Pre and Post-UV Treated Water at Bacterial Counts in Pre and Post-UV Treated Water at Lookingglass Hatchery in 2006-2007Lookingglass Hatchery in 2006-2007

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

11/06* 12/06 1/07* 2/07 3/07 4/07 5/07a 5/07b

Month/Year

cfu

/ml

Pre UV Post UV

Post UV sampled at outlet weir box

a = plating at hatchery

b = plating at laboratory

*No reliable

data

*No reliable

data

33% reduction 57% reduction

48% reduction

61% reduction

96% and 95% reduction

Bacterial Counts in Lookingglass Creek Water Bacterial Counts in Lookingglass Creek Water Above Lookingglass Hatchery IntakeAbove Lookingglass Hatchery Intake

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

6/07 7/07 8/07 9/07

Month/Year

cfu

/ml

Lookingglas Creek Water

Bacterial Counts in Pre and Post-UV Treated Water at Bacterial Counts in Pre and Post-UV Treated Water at Lookingglass Hatchery in 2007-2008Lookingglass Hatchery in 2007-2008

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

10/07 11/07 12/07 1/08 2/08

Month/Year

cfu

/ml

Pre UV Post UV

99.9% reduction

100% reduction

99.1% reduction

99.8% reduction

160 gpm

335,663 mw

250 gpm

300,000 mw

258 gpm

300,000 mw

258 gpm

300,000 mw

92.6%

reduction

680 gpm

98,000 mw

SummarySummary Total bacterial counts were useful in measuring the Total bacterial counts were useful in measuring the

effectiveness of the UV system – once methods and sample effectiveness of the UV system – once methods and sample locations were worked out. locations were worked out.

The UV system appears to be effective at reducing 99% or The UV system appears to be effective at reducing 99% or more of the total culturable bacteria with lower flow rates (up more of the total culturable bacteria with lower flow rates (up to ~250-300 GPM) but there is concern as flows increase. to ~250-300 GPM) but there is concern as flows increase. February 2008 results showed 92.7% reduction with 680 February 2008 results showed 92.7% reduction with 680 GPM. GPM.

The apparent slightly reduced effectiveness of the UV system The apparent slightly reduced effectiveness of the UV system at higher flow rates raises some concern for the protection of at higher flow rates raises some concern for the protection of production fish from pathogens shed in the water supply by production fish from pathogens shed in the water supply by passed adults or naturally reared fish. passed adults or naturally reared fish.

UV treated water is only for early rearing. Once fish are UV treated water is only for early rearing. Once fish are ponded in outside raceways (April or early May) they have 10 ponded in outside raceways (April or early May) they have 10 months or more of rearing on raw Lookingglass Creek water. months or more of rearing on raw Lookingglass Creek water.

Monitoring the UV system & fish health over time will make it Monitoring the UV system & fish health over time will make it clearer just how effective the system will be. clearer just how effective the system will be.

Any advantage we give the fish, from Any advantage we give the fish, from egg to adults = this is the result, Yes!egg to adults = this is the result, Yes!

Thanks to everyone who has made Thanks to everyone who has made this program a success this program a success