education in pakistan-final
TRANSCRIPT
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EDUCATION
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MEANING OF EDUCATION
Webster defines education as the process of
educating or teaching. Education is further defined
as "to develop the knowledge, skill, or character.
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DEFINITION OF
EDUCATION
TO LEARN, TO SEEK, TO REFINE
AND TO ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE.
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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
When Pakistan gained independence in 1947, West Pakistanhad only one institution of higher education, the University of
the Punjab.
East Pakistan had the University of Dhaka
In the early 1970s, all of Pakistans educational institutions
were nationalized under the government ofZulfikar AliBhutto, who was committed to the idea ofIslamic Socialism.
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During that period, the system could accommodate only 25
percent of the high school graduates who applied to higher
education institutions.
By the mid-1980s, private educational institutions were
allowed to operate on the condition that they comply with
government-recognized standards.
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IMPORTANCE OF
EDUCATION
Education is the knowledge of putting one'spotentials to maximum use
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TWO REASONS OF
IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION
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1st REASON
The training of a human mind is not complete
without education.
Education makes man a right thinker.
It tells man how to think and how to make decision.
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2nd REASON
Only through the attainment of education, man is
enabled to receive information from the external
world
To acquaint himself with past history and receive all
necessary information regarding the present.
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IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION IN
ISLAM
To seek knowledge is a sacred duty; it is obligatory on every
Muslim, male and female. The first word revealed of the Quran was
"Iqra" READ! Seek knowledge! Educate yourselves! Be educated.
Surah Al-Zumr, ayah 9 reveals:
"Are those equal, those who know and those who do notknow?"
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LEVELS OF EDUCATION IN
PAKISTAN
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Formal System of Educationin Pakistan
Pre Primary Schooling:
The students attending pre-primary class are called Kachi.
According to National Education Policy, 1998-2010, the
Kachi class will be introduced as formal class in the primary
schools. The age group for pre-primary is 5.
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MIDDLE SCHOOLING
The middle schooling is of three years duration and
comprised of class VI, VII and VIII.
The age group is 10-12 years.
Participation rate Is 34 percent during 2000-2001.
Males were 36 percent.
females were 33 percent.
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HIGH SCHOOLING
High school children stay for two years in classes IXand X.
The
Board of Intermediate and Secondary Educationconducts the examination.
The participation rate at high school was about 22percent in 2000-2001 of which,
Males 24 percent.
Females 20 percent.
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H
IGH
ER SECONDARY EDUCATION
Higher Secondary Education consists of classes XI to XII.During two years stay in this cycle of education
Age of the student is 15 TO 17 in this stage
The Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE)
conducts the examination
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MADRASSAH
EDUCATION
Madrassah education provides Islamic education.
These institutions have their own management systemwithout interference from either the provincial orfederal governments.
Religious institutions with an enrollment of934,000.
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NON FORMAL EDUCATION
Non-formal Basic Education School scheme has
been introduced for those who have no access to
formal education.
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EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS BY LEVELS
Accordingto National educationcenses2005
INSTITUTION GOVERNMENT PRIVATE
Mosque/Madaris 12,286 88
Primary 125,465 16,911
Middle 14,982 24,115
High 9,110 13,484
High-secondary 874
1,825Inter Colleges 201
Degree Colleges 753 358
Total 220,816
Teachers: 251,448
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Public Vs Private Sector
Infrastructure
Facilities
Fee
Quality of education
Medium of education
Strength of students
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LITERACY
Ability to read and write at an adequate level of
proficiency that is necessary for communication.
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Sources: Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2006-07
67%
48%
67%
42%
22%
58%
28%
67%
56.14%
47%
42%
55%
Literacy Rates
Pakistan: 54%
Male: 67%
Female: 42%
The ability of a personwho can read a newspaper
and write a simple letter in
any language
Literacy Definition(As in 1998 Census)
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SALIENT FEATURES OF NATIONAL
EDUCATION POLICY
Encourage Private sector
Free Education
Improved Examination System
All Primary schools shall be upgraded to Middlelevel
Well developed plan for expanding school facilities
Competitive publishing of textbooks and learningmaterials
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EDUCATION BUDGET AS % AGE
OF GDP (2007-09): SOUTH ASIA
Country Percentage
Maldives 7.5Iran 4.7
India 3.8
Nepal 3.4
Bangladesh 2.4
Pakistan 2.44(07-08)
3.00(08-09)
2626
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Problems
Weakened Governance
Poor Quality of Teachers
Quality of textbooks & exams
Low level of literacy
Dropouts
In-adequate financing
Gender inequality
Imbalance in primary, middle & secondaryschools
Population
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No Boundary
Wall
No Drinking
WaterNo Electricity No Toilet No Building
53,481
(33%)
46,766
(29%)
81,633
(50%) 9,776
(6%)
57,216
(35%)
PAKISTAN
Missing Facilities
Total schools up to Middle level
160,798
2828
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Remedies
Uniformity in educational system
School construction
Textbooks development
Libraries development
Teacher education
Transportation Food supplement to poor children
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