edt 300 - cabin design project - elevations1 weekend cabin retreat project elevations sacramento...

EDT 300 - Cabin Design Project - Elevations

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Weekend Cabin Retreat ProjectWeekend Cabin Retreat ProjectElevationsElevations

Sacramento City CollegeEDT 300

Kenneth Fitzpatrick, P.E.

2 EDT 300 - Cabin Design Project - Elevations

ObjectivesObjectives

List exterior elevation features.

Show elevation dimensions.

Show elevation symbols.

Draw typical exterior elevations.


ElevationsElevations

An elevation is an orthographic projection (drawing) that shows one side of the building.

The term "elevation" usually refers to an exterior elevation.

Various interior elevations may be drawn, but they are usually considered to be details.



Elevations Show the finished appearance of a given

side of the building. Show vertical height dimensions.



Four elevations are customarily drawn-one for each side of the house.

More than four elevations may be required to describe some structures.


Elevation DrawingsElevation Drawings

Elevation drawings provide Height information about basic features of

the house that cannot be shown very well on other drawings.

Exterior materials information such as siding and roof covering.


Elevation Drawing InformationElevation Drawing Information

Elevation drawings should include: Identification of the specific side the house

that the elevation represents. Grades. Finished floor and ceiling levels. Location of exterior wall corners. Windows and doors. Roof features. Vertical dimensions of important features. Porches, decks and patios. Material symbols.


Elevation IdentificationElevation Identification

Identify each elevation as to the particular wall it represents. North Elevation South Elevation East Elevation West Elevation



Two methods commonly used for identifying elevations Front, Rear, Right Side, and Left Side North, South, East, and West



Front, Rear, Right Side, and Left Side designation is preferred by most designers.

There is a possibility of confusion when specifying directions.



The right and left side elevations are determined by facing the front of the building. The right side elevation is then on the right

side. (!)

Identify each elevation below the drawing to avoid confusion.


Grade Lines, Floors, CeilingsGrade Lines, Floors, Ceilings

The reference point for most elevations is the grade line.

Study the plot or site plan to determine the existing grade along each exterior wall of the house.

If the existing grade is not satisfactory, a final grade line must be indicated on each elevation affected.



Indicate the desired elevation height of the grade at each corner of the house.

Record this information on The Plot Plan The Elevation Drawing if the site is not

relatively level.



Below grade features should be drawn in hidden lines. Foundation walls. Footings. Window wells (areaways).



Floor-to-ceiling height is an important feature of the elevation.

Two methods of representing this height are commonly used.



First Method: Indicate the finished floor-to-finished ceiling

distance.

The floor and ceiling are represented using a center line symbol. First floor finished floor to finished ceiling is

8'-O" Second floor finished floor to finished

ceiling is 7'-6" or 8'-O”.


Grade Lines, Floors, CeilingsGrade Lines, Floors, Ceilings Second Method:

Show the construction dimension. Measured from the top of the subfloor to the top of

the wall plate.

The construction dimension First floor 8'-1 1/2" Second floor: 7'-7 1/2" or 8'- 1 1/2"

Carpenters usually prefer the this method because it does not require them to do any calculation.



Garage ceilings minimum recommended height is 8'-O".

Basements must have a clear headroom space of at least 6'-2”. All beams and heating ducts must be

above this height. A full height ceiling is more desirable and

should be specified where practical.


Grade Lines, Floors, CeilingsGrade Lines, Floors, Ceilings Most codes require that the top of

the foundation wall be at least 8" above the grade.

This is to protect the framing members from moisture.

The garage floor may be slightly higher than the grade, but should be at least 4" lower than an interior floor when the garage is attached to the house.


Walls, Windows, and DoorsWalls, Windows, and Doors

All visible wall corners are shown on the elevation using object lines.


Walls, Windows, and DoorsWalls, Windows, and Doors Exterior windows and doors must

be included on the elevation.

Project from the floor plan for window and door location.

The vertical height is shown only on the elevation drawing.



Place tops of windows the same height as the tops of doors.

The lower face of the head jamb is considered the height of the opening.

This dimension is usually 6'-10" from the top of the subfloor.



Show sufficient detail on windows and doors to accurately indicate details.

If windows are hinged, show the swing using the proper symbol.

If the windows or doors have brick mold or other trim then show this on the elevation.



Show the window and door identification symbols on the elevation plan and floor plan.


Roof FeaturesRoof Features

Showing roof features on an elevation drawing is important.

The roof style and pitch are shown.

The chimney height and size are shown.


Roof FeaturesRoof Features

The roof pitch may be indicated using the fractional pitch or slope triangle.

The slope triangle is usually preferred.


Roof Features - ChimneyRoof Features - Chimney

Chimneys that intersect the roof require more than one view to determine the points where they pass through the roof.

Draw the view where the roof slope is shown first.

This view will indicate where the chimney passes through the roof.

These points may then be projected to other views.



The chimney height above the highest roof point must be dimensioned.

A minimum height of the chimney above the ridge is usually 2'-O".



Chimney flashing, roof covering material, and gable ventilators are also shown on the elevation.

Use proper symbols and adequate dimensions and notes on the drawings.


Dimensions, Notes, and SymbolsDimensions, Notes, and Symbols

Dimensions on the elevation drawing are mainly vertical height dimensions.

Dimension: Thickness of the footing. Distance from the footing to the grade. Finished floor-to-finished ceiling distances. Overhang width. Height of the top of windows and doors. Height of chimney above the roof.



Other dimensions may be required: Deck railing. Retaining walls. Planters.



Include notes where additional information is needed.

Some typical elevation drawing notes: Grade information. Exterior wall material notation. Roof covering material identification. Fascia material. flashing material.

Other notes may be required for specific situations.



Symbols are commonly used on elevations. The roof pitch symbol is always shown The exterior wall covering is usually

symbolized. Show material symbols extensively

on the front elevation; show sparingly on the remaining views.


DrawingsDrawings

The floor plan shows the width and depth of a house plan and the features of the interior.

The elevations show the width and height of the house and its exterior features.


DrawingsDrawings

The floor plan is usually designed first.

The elevations are then projected and designed from the floor plan.

Following these procedural steps will insure an accurate and fast layout for the elevation design.

EDT 300 - Cabin Design Project - Elevations

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Drawing ElevationsDrawing Elevations


Drawing Elevations - Step 1Drawing Elevations - Step 1

Tape the finished floor plan to the top of the drawing board, above a blank drawing format for the elevation drawings.



Lay out all the horizontal heights for: The finish grade. Floor line. Depth and thickness of footings. Window and door heights. Ceiling line. Eaves line. Ridge line/board. Top of chimney.



Project the length from the floor plan of: Walls. Windows. Doors. Chimney.

The lengths of these items have already been determined on the floor plan.



Darken in each feature. Remove construction lines. Complete the roof design Add details such as:

Trim details Gable ventilators Window wells Dimensions.



Add dimensions, notes and symbols.

Draw material symbols list as the last item since it may interfere with other information.



Check the drawing to make sure all features are shown.

Repeat these steps for every elevation.

Draw two elevations on one sheet if space permits.

edt 300 - cabin design project - elevations1 weekend cabin retreat project elevations sacramento...

Documents

elevation dimensions

elevation symbols

term elevation

desired elevation height

existing grade

exterior materials information

roof features

height information