ecosystem structure. passing of energy all energy starts from the sun photosynthetic plants convert...
TRANSCRIPT
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Ecosystem Structure
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Passing of Energy
All Energy starts from the sun Photosynthetic plants convert
energy from the sun into food The energy moves through the
ecosystem as one organism eats another
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Autotrophs / Producers
An organism that converts the sun’s energy (or inorganic substances) into food
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Heterotrophs / Consumers
Organisms that obtain energy by eating other organisms
Can eat plants or animals
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Food Chains
A model of the flow of energy through organisms in a community
Flow of energy is shown by arrows
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Transferred Energy
At each step in the food chain only 10% energy is passed to the organism
90% of the energy is lost in the form of HEAT
90%HEAT
90%HEAT
90%HEAT
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Trophic Levels
Each step in the transfer of energy
Producers are 1st trophic level… they form the base of all food chains
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Primary Consumers / Herbivores
Feed directly on producers
Make up the 2nd trophic level
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Secondary & Tertiary Consumers / Carnivores
Eat only meat
Feed on primary & secondary consumers
Make up the 3rd and 4th trophic levels
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Omnivores
Eat both producers and consumers
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Scavengers
Consumer that feeds on the tissue of dead animals
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Decomposers (recyclers)
Feed on wastes and dead organic matter from all trophic levels
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Ecological Pyramid
Shows the relationship between producers & consumers in 3 ways: Biomass Energy # of organisms
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Biomass
Total mass of all organisms in a food chain or ecological community
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Biomass Pyramid
There is less biomass as you move up trophic levels
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Energy Pyramid & 10% Law
Only 10% of energy is passed to next level
1st trophic level is important in determining the rest of the levels
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# of organism pyramid
Population of each trophic level decreases as you move up the trophic levels
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Food Web
Shows the interconnected food chains in a community or ecosystem
A lot of food chains together