Economic Troubles• Brazil initially adopted a _______

position in an attempt to maintain the _______________ products, mainly ________ & latex

• These products were not considered ________ by foreign consumers, customs duties and export fees (the main source of government income) so they ______ as the conflict continued.

• The problem increased with the _________________________, and then by a British ____ on the importation of _______ in 1917.

• Why did the British ban coffee?

From Neutrality to War• Relations between Brazil and

the German Empire worsened when Germany _____________________________________________.

• On April 5, 1917, the large Brazilian steamship _______ (4,466 tons) was torpedoed and sunk

• How did this attack hurt Brazil?

Protests• When news of the sinking broke

out in Brazil, protests erupted • Where did the protestors target

their attacks?

– For example, the Hotel Schmidt (left), the Germany Society, the German newspaper (Deutsche Zeitung), the German school (Gesellschaft Germania) and German restaurants, houses, clubs and factories were all raided, looted and burned.

• Protests also broke out from the anti-war side - ______________ ___________________________

Diplomatic Consequences• April 11, 1917 Brazil ________________________

with Germany • May 20, 1917 the ship Tijuca was torpedoed near

the French coast by a German submarine. In the following months, the Brazilian government seized ___________________ that were in Brazilian ports.

• July 27, 1917 the steamer Lapa Brazil was hit by three torpedoes from a German submarine.

• October 23, 1917 the Brazilian freighter Macau, one of the vessels seized in the course of the war, was torpedoed by the German submarine U-93 near the coast of Spain, and ________________________.

Brazilian Involvement in WWI• October 26, 1917: the

Brazilian President __________________ declared war against Germany

• The only Latin American country to be directly involved in the war

• How did Brazil contribute to the war effort?

Brazilian Navy• The Secretary of Navy

ordered the use of the naval fleet in ________ __________________.

• Ministerial Notice No. 501 (30 Jan 1918) established the ___________________ _______________________________ (Divisão Naval em Operações de Guerra - DNOG), composed of units drawn from the fleets that formed the Navy in Brazil.

• The dreadnoughts Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo, and two scout cruisers, Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul were some of the major warships of the DNOG

Brazilian Involvement in WWI