ecology a few terms. biotic factors the things that are living, or that came from living things...
TRANSCRIPT
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ECOLOGYA FEW TERMS
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BIOTIC FACTORSThe things that are living, or that came from living things
EXAMPLES:PlantsAnimalsBacteriaFungus (mushrooms, yeasts)A shellA branch
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ABIOTIC FACTORSThe things that are nonliving, environmental factors that affect an area:
EXAMPLES:TemperatureWindType of rockAmount of moistureClimate
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ORGANISM:A single individual of a species
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POPULATION
A group of organisms of the same species that live together in an area
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COMMUNITY
All the different populations living together in an area.
Can you think of more species that live in this ecosystem?
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ECOSYSTEM:The community – all the biotic factors and all the physical aspects – all the abiotic factors of an area
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NICHE: The factors that affect an organism
For example:The NICHE of a garter snake is what it eats:
______________________________________
And what eats it:______________________________________
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PREDATOR:Something that attacks another organism, usually an animal, to eat itPREY:Something is attacked by another organism, usually an animal, and gets eaten.
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PRODUCER:Something takes the energy from the sun, uses carbon dioxide and water, to make SUGARS
Another name for producers is AUTOTROPH:
Green plants are the producers.
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CONSUMERS:Something that eats something else to survive. They are also called HETEROTROPHS
All animals are consumers!
Fungus are consumers!
Many bacteria are consumers!
Some protists are producers, some are consumers!
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FOOD CHAIN:A representation of the transfer of energy starting at the sun, going into producers, then to the different levels of consumers
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The energy is transferred from the sun to the plants then to the consumers.
Note that at each transfer, ONLY 10% of the energy is actually transferred.
This means that 90% of the energy is ‘lost’ – it is transformed into work, and a lot of it is transformed into heat lost by the living organism.
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Primary consumers: Eat plants - Also called HERBIVORE
Secondary consumers: Eat animals – Also called CARNIVORE
Tertiary consumers: Eat carnivores - Sometimes called TOP CARNIVORE
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Levels in the food chain: Decomposers – Fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals.
Note that the products of the decomposers are returned to the producers
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FOOD WEBS:All the food chains of an ecosystem combined together
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWvtRf4TAO4
Food Chains, Food Webs,Energy Pyramid in Ecosystems-Video
5 min 10 sec