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Approved Recovery Plan

Eastern Suburbs Banksia ScrubEndangered Ecological Community

Recovery Plan

February 2004

Department ofEnvironment and

Conservation (NSW)

© Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW), 2004.This work is copyright, however material presented in this plan may be copied for personal use orpublished for educational purposes, providing that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Apart from thisand any other use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without priorwritten permission from the DEC.

The NPWS is part of the Department of Environment and Conservation

Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW)43 Bridge Street(PO Box 1967)Hurstville NSW 2220Ph: (02) 9585 6444www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au

Requests for information or comments regarding this recovery plan should be directed to:-

The Director-General, Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW)c/- Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Recovery Program CoordinatorConservation Programs and Planning, Metropolitan RegionEnvironment Protection and Regulation DivisionDepartment of Environment and ConservationPO Box 1967HURSTVILLE NSW 2220Ph: (02) 9585 6678

Cover photo: P.H. Glass, Jennifer St. La Perouse

This plan should be cited as the followingNSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2004) Eastern Suburbs Banksia ScrubEndangered Ecological Community Recovery Plan. NSW Department of Environment andConservation, Hurstville.

ISBN 0 7313 6763 4

Recovery Plan for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub endangered ecological community

Eastern Suburbs Banksia ScrubRecovery Plan

Executive Summary

This document constitutes the formal Commonwealth and New South Wales Recovery Plan for the EasternSuburbs Banksia Scrub endangered ecological community. It identifies the actions to be taken to ensure thelong-term viability of Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in nature and the parties who will carry these out.

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) is listed as endangered on Schedule 1 Part 3 of the NSW ThreatenedSpecies Conservation Act 1995 and as endangered under the Commonwealth Environment Protection andBiodiversity Conservation Act 1999. It is a sclerophyllous heath/scrub community that once occupiedapproximately 5,300 hectares between North Head and Botany Bay in the Sydney Basin Bioregion. Today, only146 hectares of ESBS remains in small, isolated remnants on a range of tenures including private, Local, Stateand Commonwealth Government land.

ESBS occurs on disjunct patches of nutrient poor, aeolian dune sand and may contain small patches ofwoodland, low forest or limited wetter areas, depending on site topography and hydrology. Commonly recordedspecies of the community include Banksia aemula, Banksia ericifolia, Banksia serrata, Eriostemon australasius,Lepidosperma laterale, Leptospermum laevigatum, Monotoca elliptica, Pteridium esculentum, Ricinocarpospinifolius and Xanthorrhoea resinifera.

A major threat to ESBS is the further loss and fragmentation of habitat as a consequence of clearing anddevelopment. Other known threats include: altered nutrient flows and hydrological regimes; weed invasion;inappropriate fire regimes; mowing, slashing and the inappropriate use of herbicides; grazing by horses andrabbits; over shading; infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi; erosion and physical damage from surface waterrun-off, bicycles, motor vehicles, horses, rabbits and excessive pedestrian use; inappropriate plantings; factorsaffecting pollination and seed dispersal processes; seed and wildflower collection; and the dumping of rubbish(including construction materials and green waste). This recovery plan describes our current understanding of ESBS, documents the management actions undertakento date, and outlines a recovery program over the next five years.

To provide for the future recovery of ESBS, this plan advocates a recovery program that:

• maps, assesses and monitors the condition of all ESBS remnants;• ensures that ESBS remnants are not destroyed and that an increased level of legislative protection is

provided over land that provides habitat for ESBS;• favours in-situ protection and the management of threats at ESBS sites;• raises public awareness of ESBS and encourages active community participation in its conservation; and• examines the ecological aspects of ESBS which will inform management decisions regarding the long-

term conservation of the community.

It is intended that this recovery plan will be implemented over a five-year period. Recovery actions will largelybe implemented using existing resources of various NSW government agencies and community groups. Thetotal cost to implement the plan is $98,000 over five years, however this does not include the cost of preparingand implementing plans of management.

Tony Fleming Bob Debus MPA/Director-General Minister for the Environment


AcknowledgmentsThis recovery plan was prepared through joint funding from the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service(which is now part of the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation) and Environment Australia(Commonwealth Endangered Species Project No. 20761).

The NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) would like to thank the following peopleand organisations for their assistance during the preparation of the plan: Paul Ibbetson, Bronwyn Conyersand Dionne Coburn (DEC); Daniel Hirschfeld, Tina Digby and Tony Watson (Randwick Council); MichaelBuckley (Waverley Council); Dannielle Kirton (Botany Council); Woollahra Council and Manly Council;Michael Mathias, Sonya Dare, Anthony Fitzsimmons and Andrew Freeman (Department of Defence); RobynSim and Nick Stroinovsky (Sydney Water Corporation); Nicole Wilmot (Eastern Beaches/Botany BayCMC); Associate Professor Paul Adam (University of NSW); Judith Peters and Nicola Bryden (CentennialPark and Moore Park Trust); Ken Turner (previously Department of Land and Water Conservation); EnergyAustralia, Enerserve and Telstra; and the Commonwealth Department of Finance and Administration.

Suzanne O’Neil and Martin Bremner (DEC) are acknowledged for editing the draft and final versions of theplan respectively.

The DEC would also like to acknowledge the members of the local Randwick community who have been,and continue to be, actively involved in the conservation of ESBS.


Table of Contents

1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 Legislative Context.......................................................................................................................................... 1

2.1 LEGAL STATUS ......................................................................................................................................... 12.2 RECOVERY PLAN PREPARATION................................................................................................................ 12.3 RECOVERY PLAN IMPLEMENTATION ......................................................................................................... 12.4 CRITICAL HABITAT .................................................................................................................................. 22.5 KEY THREATENING PROCESSES................................................................................................................ 22.6 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................... 3

3 Conservation Status......................................................................................................................................... 34 Distribution and habitat ................................................................................................................................... 3

4.1 HISTORICAL DISTRIBUTION....................................................................................................................... 34.2 CURRENT DISTRIBUTION........................................................................................................................... 44.3 HABITAT .................................................................................................................................................. 4

4.3.1 Landform and geology ........................................................................................................................... 44.3.2 Climate ................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.4 TENURE AND ZONING ............................................................................................................................... 45 Description ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

5.1 SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................... 45.2 DISTINGUISHING THE ESBS COMMUNITY................................................................................................. 7

6 Ecological Processes ....................................................................................................................................... 76.1 FIRE ECOLOGY ......................................................................................................................................... 76.2 SOIL SEED BANK ECOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 76.3 DISTURBANCE REGIMES ........................................................................................................................... 8

7 Previous Management Actions........................................................................................................................ 97.1 ECOLOGICAL STUDIES.............................................................................................................................. 97.2 IN-SITU PROTECTION ................................................................................................................................ 97.3 RECOVERY TEAM...................................................................................................................................... 97.4 ESBS PROFILE AND EIA GUIDELINES....................................................................................................... 97.5 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................... 9

8 Management Issues ......................................................................................................................................... 98.1 LEVEL OF CURRENT UNDERSTANDING ...................................................................................................... 98.2 THREATENING PROCESSES........................................................................................................................ 9

8.2.1 Habitat loss and fragmentation............................................................................................................... 98.2.2 Habitat degradation ................................................................................................................................ 9

8.3 ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION ................................................................................................................... 108.4 ABILITY TO RECOVER ............................................................................................................................. 10

9 Proposed Recovery Objectives, Actions and Performance Criteria .............................................................. 109.1 SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................................... 109.2 RESERVATION/PROTECTION OF THE COMMUNITY ........................................................................................ 109.3 THREAT MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION ............................................................................ 119.4 COMMUNITY AWARENESS, EDUCATION AND INVOLVEMENT........................................................................ 129.5 RESEARCH................................................................................................................................................... 12

10 Consideration of social and economic consequences................................................................................ 1310.1 SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES ......................................................................................................................... 1310.2 ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES.................................................................................................................... 13

11 Implementation.......................................................................................................................................... 1311.1 IMPLEMENTATION COSTS........................................................................................................................ 13

12 Preparation details ..................................................................................................................................... 1312.1 DATE OF LAST AMENDMENT ................................................................................................................... 1312.2 REVIEW DATE......................................................................................................................................... 13

13 Contacts ..................................................................................................................................................... 1413.1 RECOVERY TEAM ................................................................................................................................... 14

14 References ................................................................................................................................................. 14


List of TablesTable 1: General ESBS site details ..........................................................................................................................5Table 2: In-situ conservation measures undertaken at ESBS sites ..........................................................................8

List of FiguresFigure 1: ESBS distribution map

List of AppendicesAppendix 1: ESBS profile and EIA guidelinesAppendix 2: Recovery Plan cost scheduleAppendix 3: Site detailsAppendix 4: Site mapsAppendix 5: Summary of advice from the NSW Scientific Committee


Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) Page 1

1 Introduction Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) is asclerophyllous heath/scrub community that occurson disjunct patches of nutrient poor aeolian dunesand along the Sydney coast. Small patches ofwoodland, low forest or limited wetter areas may bepresent within ESBS, depending on site topographyand hydrology. Common species of the communityinclude Banksia aemula, B. ericifolia, B. serrata,Eriostemon australasius, Lepidosperma laterale,Leptospermum laevigatum, Monotoca elliptica,Pteridium esculentum, Ricinocarpos pinifolius andXanthorrhoea resinifera (Benson & Howell 1990a,1900b & 1994, NSW Scientific Committee 2002). ESBS once occupied approximately 5,300 hectaresbetween North Head and Botany Bay. Today, only146 hectares of the community remains in isolatedremnants, ranging in size from 0.06 to 69 hectares.These remnants occur across a range of tenures,including private, Local, State and CommonwealthGovernment land. A major threat to ESBS is the further loss andfragmentation of habitat as a consequence ofclearing and development. Other threats to thecommunity include: altered nutrient flows andhydrological regimes; weed invasion; inappropriatefire regimes; over shading; mowing, slashing andthe inappropriate use of herbicides; grazing byhorses and rabbits; infection by Phytophthoracinnamomi; erosion and physical damage fromsurface water run-off, bicycles, motor vehicles,horses, rabbits and excessive pedestrian use;inappropriate plantings; factors affectingpollination and seed dispersal processes; seed andwildflower collection; and the dumping of rubbish(including construction materials and greenwaste).

ESBS has significant cultural value to localindigenous groups. Indigenous people in the LaPerouse area have traditionally used ESBS plantspecies for shelter, medicine, food and a range ofceremonial purposes. These same uses are likely tohave occurred at other ESBS sites. ESBS plantspecies are still utilised today by local indigenousgroups for medicinal purposes and in events suchas burial ceremonies. This recovery plan describes our currentunderstanding of ESBS, documents themanagement actions undertaken to date, andoutlines a recovery program for this endangeredcommunity over the next five years.

2 Legislative Context

2.1 Legal statusThe Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the SydneyBasin Bioregion ecological community is listed asendangered on Part 3 Schedule 1 of the New SouthWales Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995(TSC Act). Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub of theSydney Region is listed as an endangeredecological community under the CommonwealthEnvironment Protection and BiodiversityConservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).

2.2 Recovery plan preparation

The EPBC Act (Commonwealth) and the TSC Act(NSW) require the Commonwealth Minister for theEnvironment and the Director-General of the NSWDepartment of Environment and Conservation toprepare recovery plans for all Commonwealth listedspecies and communities, and State listed species,populations and ecological communitiesrespectively. Both legislative instruments includespecific requirements for the matters to beaddressed by recovery plans and the process forpreparing recovery plans.

This plan satisfies the provisions of both the EPBCAct and the TSC Act and as such, there will only beone recovery plan operating for ESBS.

2.3 Recovery plan implementation

The TSC Act requires that a public authority musttake any appropriate measures available toimplement actions included in a recovery plan forwhich they have agreed to be responsible. Publicauthorities and councils that are responsible for theimplementation of recovery plan actions arerequired by the TSC Act to report on the measurestaken to implement those actions. In addition, theAct specifies that public authorities must not makedecisions that are inconsistent with the provisionsof the plan.

The NSW public authorities relevant to this planare the Department of Environment andConservation, Botany Council, Randwick Council,Waverley Council, Manly Council, Sydney WaterCorporation, Centennial Park and Moore ParkTrust, Energy Australia, the Department of Lands,the Department of Infrastructure, Planning andNatural Resources, the Department of Educationand Training, Landcom and the Department ofCommunity Services.

The Commonwealth agencies relevant to this planare the Department of Finance and Administration,



the Department of Defence, the Sydney HarbourFederation Trust, and Telstra.

The EPBC Act states that the Commonwealth mustimplement a recovery plan to the extent to which itapplies to Commonwealth areas. Commonwealthareas relevant to this recovery plan includeDepartment of Defence and Sydney HarbourFederation Trust lands at North Head (Manly),Department of Defence lands at Bundock Street(Randwick) and Department of Finance andAdministration lands at Malabar Headland.

Consequently, public authorities that manage landthat contains ESBS must, as the responsible landmanager, manage the site in accordance with thisrecovery plan. Relevant land management issuesinclude noxious weed and pest control, and fire andhabitat management. Likewise, the DEC mustfacilitate research in accordance with the prioritiesidentified in this plan and subject to the controlsoutlined in this plan.

2.4 Critical Habitat

The TSC Act makes provision for the identificationand declaration of critical habitat for species,populations and ecological communities listed asendangered. Declaration of critical habitat providesclear legal recognition of the significance of an areaor areas of land for the ongoing survival of aspecies, population or community. Once declared, itbecomes an offence to damage critical habitat(unless the TSC Act specifically exempts theaction) and a Species Impact Statement ismandatory for all developments and activitiesproposed within critical habitat.

Under the EPBC Act, critical habitat may beregistered for any nationally listed threatenedspecies or ecological community. When adopting arecovery plan, the Federal Minister for theEnvironment must consider whether to list habitatidentified in the recovery plan as being critical tothe survival of the species or ecologicalcommunity. It is an offence under the EPBC Actfor a person to knowingly take an action that willsignificantly damage critical habitat (unless theEPBC Act specifically exempts the action). Thisoffence only applies to Commonwealth areas.However, an action, which is likely to have asignificant impact on a nationally listed species orcommunity, is still subject to referral and approvalunder the EPBC Act.

To date critical habitat has not been declared forESBS. Given that less than 3% of the communityremains, the identification of critical habitat isproposed in this recovery plan (see Section 9.2.1).

2.5 Key Threatening Processes

The following key threatening processes, as listedon Schedule 3 of the TSC Act, are potentiallyrelevant to ESBS:

• Clearing of native vegetation;• Invasion of native plant communities by

Chrysanthemoides monilifera;• High frequency fire resulting in the disruption

of life cycle processes in plants and animalsand loss of vegetation structure andcomposition;

• Infection of native plants by Phytophthoracinnamomi;

• Competition and grazing by the feral EuropeanRabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(L.);

• Invasion of native plant communities by exoticperennial grasses; and

• Anthropogenic climate change.

Clearing of native vegetation is listed as a keythreatening process and is a major threat to ESBS.Past and present clearing of ESBS is the primarycause of its endangered status. The clearing ofnative vegetation adjacent to ESBS stands may alsoimpact upon the community indirectly. Invasion of native plant communities byChrysanthemoides monilifera is listed as a keythreatening process. C. monilifera is a SouthAfrican species of which two subspecies occur inAustralia; ssp. monilifera (Boneseed), and ssp.rotundata (Bitou Bush). Both subspecies caninvade and displace native plant communities dueto their vigorous growth, prolific seed productionand effective seed dispersal (NSW ScientificCommittee 1999). Several ESBS remnants sufferfrom high levels of Bitou Bush infestation.

High frequency fire has the potential to disrupt lifecycle processes in native vegetation. Some ESBSremnants have been subject to frequent burning inthe past, mostly from illegally lit fires. The re-instatement of appropriate fire regimes (wherepossible) should be a priority when developingmanagement strategies for sites that contain ESBS(see Section 6.1).

ESBS is likely to be susceptible to infection byPhytophthora cinnamomi either through the directinfection and death of plants, or through habitatdegradation and a resultant loss of habitatcomplexity. Grazing by feral rabbits andcompetition by exotic perennial grasses(particularly Eragrostis curvula) are also recordedas threats at a number of ESBS remnants.



2.6 Environmental Assessment

The TSC Act amendments to the environmentalassessment provisions of the EnvironmentalPlanning and Assessment Act 1979 (EP&A Act)requires that consent and determining authoritiesconsider relevant recovery plans when exercising adecision making function under Parts 4 & 5 of theEP&A Act. Decision-makers must consider knownand potential habitat, biological and ecologicalfactors and the regional significance of individualpopulations.

Accordingly, the Department of Environment andConservation, Botany Council, Randwick Council,Waverley Council, Manly Council, Sydney WaterCorporation, Centennial Park and Moore ParkTrust, Energy Australia, the Department of Lands,the Department of Infrastructure Planning andNatural Resources, the Department of Educationand Training, and the Department of CommunityServices, when considering any development oractivity that may affect ESBS, must consider theconservation strategy outlined in this recovery planand the Environmental Impact AssessmentGuidelines for ESBS (Appendix 1).

The EPBC Act regulates actions that may result in asignificant impact on nationally listed threatenedspecies and ecological communities. It is an offenceto undertake any such actions in areas under Stateor Territory jurisdiction, as well as onCommonwealth-owned areas, without obtainingprior approval from the CommonwealthEnvironment Minister.

As ESBS is listed under the EPBC Act, any personproposing to undertake actions likely to have asignificant impact on this community should referthe action to the Commonwealth Minister for theEnvironment for consideration. The Minister willthen decide whether the action requires EPBC Actapproval.

Administrative guidelines are available fromEnvironment Australia to assist proponents indetermining whether their action is likely to have asignificant impact. In cases where the action doesnot require EPBC Act approval, but will result inthe death or injury of a member of the ESBScommunity and the member is in, or on aCommonwealth area, a permit issued by theCommonwealth Minister under the EPBC Act willbe required.

The Environment Minister can delegate the role ofassessment and approval to other Commonwealth

Ministers under a Ministerial Declaration and to theStates and Territories under bilateral agreements.The development of a bilateral agreement betweenNSW and the Commonwealth is not yet complete,but when in place, will avoid the need forduplication of environmental assessment.

3 Conservation StatusLess than 3% (146 ha) of the original distributionof ESBS (5,300 ha) remains, in a number of smalland isolated remnants. Only 33 hectares of ESBS(or 0.6% of its original distribution) occurs withinconservation reserves (Botany Bay National Park atLa Perouse and Sydney Harbour National Park atNorth Head).

In 1997, the NSW Scientific Committee listedEastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub as an endangeredecological community on Schedule 1 Part 3 of theTSC Act. This listing occurred because in view ofthe substantial reduction in the area occupied byESBS, its fragmentation and the numerous threatsoperating on surviving remnants, the NSWScientific Committee was of the opinion that thecommunity was likely to become extinct in naturein NSW unless the factors threatening its survivalceased to operate.

In 2000, the Commonwealth Threatened SpeciesScientific Committee listed Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub of the Sydney Region as anendangered ecological community under theEnvironment Protection and BiodiversityConservation Act 1999.

4 Distribution and habitat

4.1 Historical distribution

ESBS once covered approximately 5,300 hectaresof land between North Head and Botany Bay in thelocal government areas of Botany, Manly,Randwick, South Sydney, Waverley and Woollahra(Figure 1). The community occupied nutrient poorsand deposits; had a structural form of heath, scruband/or low forest; and exhibited considerablefloristic variation (Benson & Howell 1990b, NSWScientific Committee 2002). Historically, the clearing of ESBS occurred as aconsequence of the urban expansion of Sydney, asthe land occupied by ESBS was of little agriculturalvalue. Residential growth in the late 1800’s andearly 1900’s created a steady decrease in the area ofESBS remaining (Benson & Howell 1990b).



4.2 Current distribution

Today, less than 3% of the original distribution ofESBS remains in isolated remnants, ranging in sizefrom 0.06 to 69 hectares. Surviving stands of ESBStotalling 146 hectares have been recorded from thelocal government areas of Botany, Randwick,Waverley and Manly (Figure 1).

Only 33 hectares of ESBS has been recorded fromwithin conservation reserves (Botany Bay NationalPark at La Perouse and Sydney Harbour NationalPark at North Head).

An isolated ESBS remnant at an Eastern Suburb’s golf course(PH Glass)

A good quality ESBS remnant at North Head, Manly (PH Glass)

4.3 Habitat

4.3.1 Landform and geology

Quaternary and Pleistocene sands and clays covermuch of the Hawkesbury Sandstone in Sydney’sEastern Suburbs (Benson & Howell 1990a), withthe configuration of the underlying sandstoneinfluencing the location and extent of sediments(Roy 1983). Extensive aeolian dune sands occurbetween Bunnerong and Moore Park, whileestuarine silts and clays occur along Sheas Creekand the Cooks River (Benson & Howell 1990a).ESBS once grew extensively over the aeolian dunesands of this region and in wetter areas withconcentrated organic material (Benson & Howell1990a). North Head is a sandstone headland which containsa sand sheet of similar age and composition to that

on which ESBS occurs to the south of the harbour(NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

4.3.2 Climate

The Sydney area has a warm temperate climatewith average monthly temperatures between 12°C(winter) and 22°C (summer) and mean annualrainfall of 1104 mm (Bureau of Meteorology 2001).

4.4 Tenure and zoning

Tenure and zoning information for recorded ESBSsites is detailed in Table 1.

5 Description

5.1 Scientific description

ESBS generally forms a sclerophyllous heath orscrub community. Some remnants contain smallpatches of woodland, low forest or limited wetterareas, depending on site topography and hydrology(NSW Scientific Committee 2002, Benson &Howell, 1990a; 1990b; and 1994). Common ESBS species include Banksia ericifolia,Banksia serrata, Eriostemon australasius,Lepidosperma laterale, Leptospermum laevigatum,Monotoca elliptica, Pteridium esculentum,Ricinocarpos pinifolius and Xanthorrhoearesinifera (Benson & Howell 1990b). Banksiaaemula is also a typical species of the communityand occurs at its southern limit in La Perouse(Benson & Howell 1990a).

The characteristic assemblage of vascular plantspecies in the community as defined by the NSWScientific Committee (2002) is: Pteridium esculentum, Caustis pentandra, Dianellarevoluta, Eragrostis brownii, Haemodorumplanifolium, Hypolaena fastigiata, Lepidospermalaterale, Leptocarpus tenax, Lepyrodia scariosa,Xanthorrhoea resinifera, Acacia longifolia, Acaciasuaveolens, Acacia terminalis, Acacia ulicifolia,Actinotus helianthi, Actinotus minor, Allocasuarinadistyla, Astroloma pinifolium, Banksia aemula,Banksia ericifolia, Banksia integrifolia, Banksiaserrata, Baeckea imbricata, Bauera rubioides,Billardiera scandens, Boronia parviflora, Bossiaeaheterophylla, Bossiaea scolopendria, Brachylomadaphnoides, Conospermum taxifolium,Cyathochaeta diandra, Darwinia fascicularis,Darwinia leptantha, Dichelachne crinita, Dillwyniaretorta, Epacris longiflora, Epacris microphylla,Epacris



Table 1: General ESBS site details

Site Name & Location Map inAppendix 4

LGA Area(ha)*

Tenure Zoning Condition of remnants Recorded Management Issues

Anzac Parade, Malabar MalabarHeadland West

Randwick 0.5 RCC Road 1 patch located in medianstrip of Anzac Parade

Fire & weed management, mowing &/or slashing, rubbish dumping, access,erosion control

Arthur Byrne Reserve,Maroubra

MalabarHeadland West

Randwick 0.02 RCC 6A 1 patch, degraded,contiguous with MalabarWest site

Fire & weed management, access, fox/rabbit control, erosion control,drainage/run-off issues

Australian Golf Course,Kensington

Australian GolfCourse

Randwick 0.27 Private 6B 3 patches fragmented byroad, low species diversity

Fire & weed management, access, rabbit control

Banksmeadow PrimarySchool, Banksmeadow

Banksmeadow Botany 0.27 DE&T 1 patch, fair to poorcondition

Management Plan (Bushcare funded) prepared but implementation lacking,fire & weed management, erosion control, rubbish dumping

Bonnie Doon GolfCourse, Pagewood(includes Mutch Park)

Bonnie DoonGolf Course

Botany 2.5 SydneyWater

Unzoned Numerous isolated remnantsof varying size & condition

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control,access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, mowing &/or slashing,inappropriate plantings, dumping of green waste

Botany Bay NP, LaPerouse & Little Bay

La Perouse East& Jennifer St

Randwick 10.78 DEC 8 Six patches, high speciesdiversity in Jennifer StreetPatch

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, dog/fox/rabbitcontrol, access, erosion control, rubbish dumping, drainage/run-off issues,past soil disturbance

Bunnerong Rd, Chifley Bunnerong Rd,Chifley

Randwick 1.14 Dept ofLands

2A, road 2 patches, degraded Fire & weed management, erosion control, fox/rabbit control, access, pastsoil disturbance, clearing by residents, rubbish dumping

Bunnerong Substation,Matraville

BunnerongSubstation

Randwick 1.54 EnergyAustralia

4A 4 patches, fair to poorcondition

Fire & weed management, erosion control, fox/rabbit control, inappropriateplantings, mowing &/or slashing, drainage/run-off issues

Centennial Park Centennial ParkNorth & South

Randwick 1.03 CP&MPT 6A 8 patches, fair to poorcondition

Draft Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, access,dog/rabbit control, erosion, inappropriate plantings, mowing/slashing,overshading

Eastlake Golf Course,Eastlakes

BotanyWetlands 1, 2 &3

Botany 7.32(includesthe Lakes)

SydneyWater

Unzoned Numerous patches, varyingcondition

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control,access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, mowing &/or slashing,inappropriate plantings, dumping of green waste and other material

Jennifer St (ALCLand), Little Bay

Jennifer St Randwick 0.3 ALC 2B 1 patch, fair condition,contiguous with DECJennifer St remnant

Fire & weed management, access, rubbish dumping, rabbit control

Jennifer St (TelstraLand), Little Bay

Jennifer St Randwick 2.0 Telstra 5 1 patch, good condition,contiguous with DECJennifer St remnant

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, mowing &/or slashing undercables and around margins, rubbish dumping

Malabar Headland East,Malabar

MalabarHeadland East

Randwick 17.4 DF&A 6A, 6B,8

Several large patches, highdiversity, one of the largestmost contiguous areas

Draft community Plan of Management prepared, fire & weed management,access, erosion control, dog/horse/fox/rabbit control, possible soilcontamination, rubbish dumping

Malabar HeadlandWest, Malabar

MalabarHeadland West

Randwick 4.93 DF&A 2B, 6A,6B

11 patches, high diversity,one of the largest mostcontiguous areas

Draft Community Plan of Management prepared, fire & weed management,access, erosion control; cat/dog/horse/fox/rabbit control, possible soilcontamination, dumping of green waste and rubbish, building of ‘cubbies’



Site Name & Location Map inAppendix 3

LGA Area(ha)*

Tenure Zoning Condition of remnants Recorded Management Issues

Maroubra Reservoir,Maroubra

MaroubraReservoir

Randwick 0.06 SydneyWater

5 2 patches, poor condition Fire & weed management, inappropriate plantings, drainage/run-off issues

North Head, Manly North Head Manly 68.85 DEC,SHFT,DOD

5,8 Several patches, goodcondition, high speciesdiversity

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, erosion control, infrastructuremaintenance and construction, dumped rubbish, drainage/run-off issues

NSW Golf Course, LaPerouse

La Perouse East Randwick 12.96 Dept ofLands

6A High species diversityespecially since '98 wildfire

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control,access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, inappropriate plantings,mowing/slashing/removal of overstorey, dumping of green waste

Pioneers Park, Malabar MalabarHeadland West

Randwick 0.02 RCC 6A 1 small patch, species poor Fire & weed management, access, fox/rabbit control

Prince Henry Hospital,Little Bay

Little BayNorth

Randwick 0.96 DOH,Landcom

5 3 patches, varying condition Masterplan for site prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control,rubbish dumping, boundary plantings, mowing/slashing, access

RandwickEnvironmental Park,Kingsford

RandwickEnvironmentalPark

Randwick 3.6 DOD,RCC

7 7 patches, relatively goodcondition

Plan of Management prepared, fire & weed management, erosion control,access, drainage/run-off issues, fox/rabbit control, building of ‘cubbies’,inappropriate plantings, rubbish dumping

St Michael's GolfCourse, Little Bay

Little BaySouth & LaPerouse East

Randwick 7.17 Dept ofLands

6A Numerous patches, varyingquality

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control,drainage/run-off issues, mowing/slashing/overspray, dumping of greenwaste, inappropriate plantings

The Lakes Golf Course,Eastlakes

BotanyWetlands 1, 2 &3

Botany SeeEastlakes

SydneyWater

Unzoned Highly degraded, only fewspp. present

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control,drainage/run-off issues, mowing &/or slashing, inappropriate plantings

Wassell St, Matraville Bunnerong Rd,Chifley

Randwick 0.65 RCC 6A 1 patch, degraded Fire & weed management, erosion control, fox/rabbit control, access,drainage/run-off issues

York Rd, BondiJunction

York Rd Waverley 1.27 DOCS,CP&MPT

5 1 patch, degraded Draft Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, erosion control,access, overshading, pine needles, rubbish dumping

TOTAL 145.54

*DEC, Geographic Information Systems Unit

Key to TableZoning: 2A & 2B = Residential, 4A &4B = Industrial, 5 = Special Uses, 6A = Open Space, 6B = Private Open Space, 7=Environmental Protection, 8 = National ParkTenure: DFA = Dept of Finance and Administration, SHFT = Sydney Harbour Federation Trust, RCC = Randwick City Council, DE&T = Dept of Education and Training,CP&MPT = Centennial Park & Moore Park Trust, DOD = Dept of Defence, DOH = Department of Health, ALC = Aboriginal Land Council, DOCS = Dept of CommunityServices



obtusifolia, Eriostemon australasius, Eucalyptusgummifera, Gonocarpus teucrioides, Hakeateretifolia, Hardenbergia violacea, Hibbertiafasciculata, Kunzea ambigua, Lambertia formosa,Leptospermum trinervium, Leptospermumlaevigatum, Leucopogon ericoides, Lomandralongifolia, Melaleuca nodosa, Melaleuca squamea,Monotoca elliptica, Monotoca scoparia, Persoonialanceolata, Philotheca salsolifolia, Pimelealinifolia, Pomax umbellata, Restio fastigiata,Ricinocarpos pinifolius, Styphelia viridis, Woollsiapungens and Xanthosia pilosa. The species list for the entire community is largerthan that shown above, with many species onlyoccurring at a few sites or in low numbers. In anyparticular site, not all of the assemblage listedabove may be present. At any one time somespecies may only be present as seeds in the soilseed bank with no above ground individualspresent. The species composition of a site isinfluenced by the size of the site and by its recentdisturbance history (NSW Scientific Committee2002).

5.2 Distinguishing the ESBS community

The ESBS community is similar to the morewidespread coastal heath communities of theeastern seaboard but can be distinguished by thefollowing characteristics:

• ESBS occurs on disjunct patches of nutrientpoor aeolian (wind blown) dune sand; and

• Coastal heath occurs on soils derived fromsandstone, Holocene marine sands (Benson &Howell 1994), or on aeolian sands of youngerage than those of ESBS (NSW ScientificCommittee 2002).

Coastal heath is also characteristically much lowerthan ESBS and, although sharing many specieswith ESBS, characteristically contains maritimeelements such as Baeckea imbricata, Correa albaand Westringia fruticosa (Benson & Howell 1990a;NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

6 Ecological Processes

6.1 Fire Ecology

Fire is an important factor in the ecology of manyplant communities (Gill 1975, Purdie 1977). Fireexclusion, which has become a feature of manyurban bushland remnants since Europeansettlement, can result in a reduction in speciesdiversity over time (McDonald 1994), as speciesthat depend on fire for seedling recruitment maybecome locally extinct in its absence (Gill &Bradstock 1995).

While there is a general understanding of the basicfire ecology of some of the component species ofESBS, the fire ecology of ESBS at a communitylevel is not well understood. However, fieldobservations indicate that after a prolonged period(>15 years) without fire or similar disturbance, thefloristic composition and vegetation structure of thecommunity becomes simplified with a few speciesdominating the standing vegetation (P. Ibbetson,DEC, pers. comm.).

Fire management in ESBS remnants requirescareful consideration, as both high fire frequencyand fire exclusion are likely to reduce speciesdiversity. Bradstock et al. (1995) suggest applyinga variable fire regime in order to maximisebiodiversity conservation, however this needs to betested for very restricted taxa or communities.Consequently, a variable fire regime for ESBSshould be trialed on a small scale as a researchpriority.

In the interim, the following recommendations aremade regarding the fire parameters for ESBS:

• successive fires at intervals of less than 8 yearsshould be avoided;

• successive fires at intervals of more than 15years should be avoided; and

• fire exclusion for a period of more than 30years should be avoided.

The regular burning of ESBS at frequencies nearthe lower end of these parameters (ie. every 8 to 10years) should also be avoided, as this may impactupon the seedling recruitment of component specieswith a long primary juvenile period (eg Banksiaserrata).

6.2 Soil seed bank ecology

There has been very little research conducted on thesoil seed bank ecology of ESBS. Lesak (2000)observed that species germinated from samples ofsoil taken from an ESBS site that were not presentas standing vegetation at the donor site, indicatingthat a soil seed bank for ESBS does exist. Lesak(2000) also found that smokewater did notsignificantly influence the germination rates ofselected ESBS species.

Clements et al. (2001) states that ESBS has a highnatural resilience to disturbance. By examining thepast and current distribution of an ESBS remnant inRandwick, Clements et al. (2001) found that ESBSnaturally regenerated on cleared sand where novegetation remained above the ground but the soilprofile remained intact.



These findings highlight the importance ofconsidering soil seedbank ecology and the in-situresilience of ESBS remnants when developing sitespecific management strategies.

6.3 Disturbance regimes

Grazing by rabbits and horses may be impactingupon seedling recruitment and fecundity rates inseveral ESBS remnants. Such grazing may also becontributing to soil erosion (through water andwind) in affected remnants.

Altered hydrological conditions (including waterregimes and nutrient flows) from adjacent land usesare adversely affecting some ESBS remnants,particularly those located within, or downslope of,golf courses. In addition to potentially altering thecomposition and structure of affected remnants,altered hydrological conditions may also contributeto degradation through weed invasion.

Lack of pollination and seed dispersal from insects,birds and mammals could also be threatening the

long-term viability of ESBS remnants. As mostremnants are small and isolated, pollination andseed dispersal processes may be severely altered orcompletely absent. Pollination rates for certainESBS species may also be impacted by thepresence of introduced honeybees.

Competition from weed species including BitouBush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera), Lantana(Lantana camara) and African Love Grass(Eragrostis curvula) has contributed to a severereduction in species diversity at many ESBSremnants.

Some sites, particularly those that have been usedin the past by the Department of Defence, may becontaminated. Therefore, contamination may needto be addressed in some site management plans andthis may necessitate some clearing of vegetation.Care must be taken to minimise the impact ofdecontamination activities on ESBS and to restorethe impacted area as fully as possible.

Table 2: In-situ conservation measures undertaken at ESBS sites

Site Name & Location Mgt. Plan Weed mgt. Fire mgt. Erosionmgt.

Accessmgt.

Protectivefencing

Anzac Parade Malabar √ Arthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra √ √ √ √ Australian Golf Club Kensington Part Banksmeadow Primary School,Banksmeadow

√ √

Bonnie Doon Golf Course,Pagewood

√ √ √

Botany Bay NP, La Perouse √ √ √ √ √ Bunnerong Road, Chifley Bunnerong Substation,Matraville

√

Centennial Park √ √ √ √ Eastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes Draft Jennifer St (ALC Lands), LittleBay

Jennifer St (Telstra Lands), LaPerouse & Little Bay

√

Malabar Headland East, Malabar √ Malabar Headland West,Malabar

√ √ √

Maroubra Reservoir JohnstonParade Maroubra

√

North Head, Manly NSW Golf Course, La Perouse √ √ √ Pioneers Park, Malabar Prince Henry Hospital AnzacParade, Little Bay

Randwick Environment Park,Kingsford

√ √ √

St Michael’s Golf Course, LittleBay

√

The Lakes Golf Course,Eastlakes

Draft

Wassell St., Chifley √ √ √ York Rd, Bondi Junction √ √ √



7 Previous Management Actions

7.1 Ecological StudiesLesak (2000) examined the influence ofsmokewater treatment on the germination rates(both in-situ and in a greenhouse) of a range ofESBS species. While no significant difference ingermination rates was observed following theapplication of smokewater, several speciesgerminated in the greenhouse that were not presentas standing vegetation at the donor site.

7.2 In-situ protection

A range of actions have been implemented toprotect and restore ESBS remnants at a number ofsites. These actions include the preparation ofmanagement plans, bush regeneration, boardwalkconstruction, fencing, educational signage, landacquisition, and reservation. Table 2 shows aselection of the conservation measures that havebeen implemented at ESBS sites to date.

7.3 Recovery team

An ESBS recovery team was established inSeptember 1999 to guide the DEC in thepreparation and implementation of this recoveryplan. The recovery team contains representativesfrom the DEC, Botany Council, Manly Council,Randwick Council, Waverley Council, SydneyWater Corporation, Enerserve, Department ofDefence, Department of Finance andAdministration, Centennial Park and Moore ParkTrust and the University of NSW.

7.4 ESBS profile and EIA guidelines

The DEC has prepared an ESBS profile to assistpublic authorities, environmental consultants andprivate landholders in the management andconservation of ESBS on lands under their control(Appendix 1).

Environmental impact assessment guidelines forESBS have also been prepared to assist consent anddetermining authorities in the assessment ofpotential impacts on the community (Appendix 1).

7.5 Environmental Assessment

A number of ESBS sites are currently, or haverecently been, assessed in relation to developmentproposals including lands at Prince Henry Hospital(Little Bay), Randwick Environment Park(Kingsford), York Road (Waverley), and NorthHead (Manly).

8 Management IssuesThe following sections identify the managementissues affecting ESBS including:

• our current understanding of the ecology of thecommunity;

• threatening processes;• community awareness;• ecological restoration and reconstruction; and• consideration of the ability of ESBS to recover.

8.1 Level of current understanding

The factors that influence ecosystem function inESBS and hence the long-term viability of thecommunity are not well understood. Thecumulative effects of fire, nutrient and hydrologicalregimes, fragmentation, contamination andcompetition with introduced species need to beconsidered when developing site specificmanagement strategies for ESBS.

8.2 Threatening processes

8.2.1 Habitat loss and fragmentation

A major threat to ESBS is the loss andfragmentation of habitat through clearing anddevelopment. Less than 3% of the originaldistribution of the community exists and remainingstands are small and fragmented.

The fragmentation of ecological communities hasmany potential consequences for ecologicalprocesses including the following:

• A reduction in species diversity;• An increased susceptibility to degradation

through increased edge-to-area ratios;• A reduction in population size, which in turn

can increase the probability of extinction;• Changes in the fluxes of radiation, wind, water

and nutrients across the landscape;• An increased abundance of defoliating insects

resulting in canopy decline and tree dieback;• The genetic isolation of populations which may

result in the loss of genetic diversity andspecies fitness; and

• A reduction in seed set resulting from thereduced abundance of pollinating agents (Yatesand Hobbs 1997).

8.2.2 Habitat degradation

ESBS remnants are subject to a range of threatsincluding:

• Altered nutrient status;• Altered hydrological regimes;• Over shading;



• Mowing, slashing and the inappropriate use ofherbicide;

• Invasion by weed species (particularly BitouBush, Lantana and African Love Grass);

• Inappropriate fire regimes;• Grazing and trampling by horses and rabbits;• Infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi;• Erosion and/or physical damage from surface

water run-off, bicycles, motor vehicles, horses,rabbits and excessive pedestrian use;

• Inappropriate plantings in and aroundremnants;

• Seed and wildflower collection;• Factors affecting pollination and seed dispersal

processes; and• Dumping of rubbish including fill material and

green waste.

8.3 Ecological restoration

It may be necessary to use restorative techniques toreinstate ‘natural’ ecosystem function in degradedESBS remnants. Such restoration programs shouldutilise the in-situ resilience of the remnant to thefullest extent practical, by applying low levelintervention techniques (ie. natural regenerationfrom the soil seed bank and other propagules onsite) whenever possible (see Perkins 2003). Many ESBS remnants are already subject torestoration programs that are being implemented inaccordance with site specific management plans(see Section 7). Sites without active managementneed similar plans to be prepared. This requirementhas been included as a recovery action in Section9.3.3 of this plan.

8.4 Ability to recover

The ability of ESBS to “recover” is limited giventhat so little of the community survives and thatmost of the area that it formerly occupied is nowdeveloped. The removal of ESBS from theschedules of the TSC Act is not a recoveryobjective as the community is likely to remain inrelatively small, isolated and disjunct remnants.The successful management of the remainingstands of ESBS through habitat protection andrestoration is achievable however, although this issubject to resource availability.

9 Proposed Recovery Objectives,Actions and Performance Criteria

The overall objective of this recovery plan is torestore and maintain existing ESBS remnants and,where possible, expand ESBS into adjacent areas.This will be assessed against the criteria that therisk of extinction of ESBS is decreased by

managing known remnants and reducing threats tothe community.

9.1 Survey and assessmentObjectiveTo map, assess and monitor the condition of allESBS remnants.

CriteriaA map and status description for each remnant isproduced and circulated to relevant land managers.

Recovery actions9.1.1 The DEC will coordinate, in conjunction withrelevant government departments and landholders,the assessment and mapping of all ESBS remnants.

9.1.2 The DEC will distribute maps and sitedescriptions to all relevant land managers andprovide ongoing advice regarding their legislativeresponsibilities and requirements under the TSCAct.

9.1.3 The DEC, in consultation with the recoveryteam, will monitor and report on the status ofremnants.

9.2 Reservation/protection of thecommunityObjective To ensure that ESBS remnants are not destroyed asa consequence of habitat loss and that an increasedlevel of legislative protection is provided over landsthat support the ESBS community.

CriteriaAll remnants of ESBS are maintained in-situ andthe highest achievable level of protection isafforded to all remnants.

Recovery actions9.2.1 The DEC will prepare a recommendation forthe identification of critical habitat to the Ministerfor the Environment.

In order to declare critical habitat, the TSC Actrequires that the Director-General of the DECprepare a recommendation report for theconsideration of the Minister for the Environment.It is envisaged that all known ESBS remnants andappropriate site specific buffer zones will beproposed for declaration as critical habitat in thatreport.

A copy of the recommendation report will also beforwarded to the Commonwealth EnvironmentMinister for consideration.

9.2.2 The DEC will discuss options to increase thelevel of legislative protection of ESBS sites with



the public authorities responsible for managingESBS on public lands. Protection mechanismscould include joint management agreements,property management plans, voluntary conservationagreements and plans of management. 9.2.3 Public authorities (including RandwickCouncil, Botany Council, Waverley Council, theDepartment of Lands, and the DEC) will assessdevelopments and activities, and will prepareenvironmental planning instruments which avoidand minimise impacts on ESBS.

In order to give this effect, consent and determiningauthorities will ensure that:

(i) developments and activities are assessed withreference to this recovery plan, environmentalimpact assessment guidelines (Appendix 1) and anyfuture advice from the DEC regarding thedistribution, threats and ecology of ESBS;

(ii) development consent issued on land in thevicinity of known ESBS is sensitive to thecommunity; and

(iii) environmental policies, management plans andEnvironmental Planning Instruments are preparedor reviewed, where appropriate, with reference tothis recovery plan and any future advice from theDEC regarding the distribution, threats and ecologyof ESBS.

9.2.4 The DEC will continue to liaise with theCommonwealth Department of Finance andAdministration regarding the management of ESBSon lands at Malabar Headland and futuremanagement options such as the transfer of lands tothe DEC as National Park.

9.2.5 The DEC will continue to liaise with theDepartment of Defence (DOD) and the SydneyHarbour Federation Trust regarding the ongoingmanagement and protection of ESBS on lands atNorth Head including future management optionssuch as the transfer of lands to the DEC.

9.2.6 The DEC will continue to liaise with theDOD and Randwick City Council regarding themanagement of ESBS remnants in RandwickEnvironment Park.

9.2.7 The DEC will continue to liaise with the LaPerouse and Metropolitan Aboriginal LandCouncils regarding the management of land grantedunder the NSW Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1994that contains ESBS.

9.2.8 The DEC will continue to liaise with Telstraregarding the management of ESBS remnants onTelstra owned land at Jennifer Street, Little Bay.

9.2.9 Where appropriate, the Department of Landswill examine reserving for EnvironmentalProtection the Crown lands containing ESBS atBunnerong Road, Chifley.

9.3 Threat management and ecologicalrestorationObjective To restore, and where practical, connect andenlarge remnants of ESBS through appropriatemanagement.

Criteria Within 2 years of the implementation of this plan,agencies will commence active management ofESBS on lands under their responsibility. In 5-10years of the implementation of this plan all extantremnants are either in a stable condition or arebeing actively managed to achieve a practical levelof site quality.

Recovery actions9.3.1 The DEC will develop Best ManagementPractice Guidelines for the management of ESBSsites.

9.3.2 The DEC in consultation with the recoveryteam will prioritise sites for active management (ie.bush regeneration) through liaison with relevantexperts and community representatives. The criteriafor this process will be based upon factorsinfluencing the ecology of the remnant includingsize, disturbance history (including possible sitecontamination), species diversity/site quality,ability to recover (including soil seedbed) andexisting threats. Some sites considered to be highpriority are remnants at Malabar Headland,Randwick Environment Park, Prince Henry,Eastlake Golf Course, St Michaels Golf Course andNorth Head.

Resource allocation will be guided by such factorsas security/tenure of site, ability to reduce currentlocal threats and the availability of communityresources such as Bushcare groups.

9.3.3 The DEC, Randwick Council, Sydney WaterCorporation, Energy Australia, the Department ofDefence, the Department of Finance andAdministration, the Department of Education andTraining, Landcom, the Sydney Harbour FederationTrust and the Centennial Park and Moore ParkTrust will develop and implement site specificmanagement plans for each ESBS site under theirmanagement. In the case of Crown lands, theDepartment of Lands, or if currently occupied byreservation or an approved tenure from the Crown,the current reserve trust or licensee of that Crownland will develop and implement site specific



management plans for areas of ESBS under theircare and control.

Site management plans are to address themanagement issues below and those identified inTable 1, Section 8.2, and Appendix 3:

• fire management;• weed management;• site hydrology (increased nutrient status, run-

off, stormwater discharge);• pest management (rabbits);• site visitation (access and usage);• decontamination of the site (where relevant);• protective fencing; and• use of educational and interpretive signs.

All on-ground restoration work in ESBS remnantswill be undertaken by, or under the directsupervision of a person, or persons, with training(such as TAFE certification) and experience inbush regeneration techniques. This work will beguided by site management plans.

9.3.4 The DEC will liaise with the Bitou Bush,High Fire Frequency, and Clearing of NativeVegetation Threat Abatement Planning teams toensure that best practice management techniquesare being considered and utilised for thisendangered ecological community.

9.4 Community awareness, education andinvolvementObjectiveTo develop public awareness regarding ESBS andencourage active community participation in theconservation of ESBS.

CriteriaThe local community is provided with informationconveying the importance of ESBS and givenopportunities for participation in its conservationthrough bush regeneration activities andinformation days.

Recovery Actions9.4.1 The DEC and Council Bushcare programswill involve the local community in training andbush regeneration activities for ESBS on their landsand will encourage the establishment of newBushcare groups.

Bush regeneration groups provide a wide range ofskills and should be encouraged to work to theirstrengths and where possible given the opportunityto increase their bush regeneration skills throughactivities such as Randwick Council’s WildflowerWalk and DEC information and skills exchangedays.

9.4.2 The DEC, in consultation with the recoveryteam, will develop a periodic information leaflethighlighting ESBS conservation and detailingfuture bush regeneration activities in which thepublic may become involved.

9.4.3 Randwick, Waverley and Botany Councilswill distribute the ESBS information leaflet(prepared under Action 9.4.2) with rate notices.

9.4.4 Land managers will assess theappropriateness of interpretive signs at ESBS sitesincluding short-term (advising of bush regenerationactivities) and long-term (educational) signs.

9.4.5 The DEC will continue to liase withrepresentatives of La Perouse and MetropolitanAboriginal Land Councils to foster involvement inthe on-going management of ESBS in regard to itscultural values and traditional uses of ESBS.

9.5 ResearchObjectiveTo examine the ecological aspects of the ESBScommunity which will inform managementdecisions regarding the long-term conservation ofthe community.

CriteriaResearch is initiated on key ecological aspects ofthe community, such as regeneration potential andresponse to fire, to better inform managementstrategies.

Recovery Actions9.5.1 The DEC will liaise with local researchinstitutions (including Universities and the RoyalBotanic Gardens) and the Randwick CommunityNursery to encourage and facilitate research onESBS.

Research priorities include:

• establishing appropriate fire management forESBS remnants;

• determining the impact of pest species (floraand fauna) and developing controls;

• long term maintenance of species diversity inremnants (especially understorey);

• maintenance of plant/animal ecologicalprocesses such as pollination, seed dispersal,herbivory etc; and

• habitat restoration techniques to improveconditions for biodiversity in the long term.



10 Consideration of social andeconomic consequences

10.1 Social consequences The main social impacts resulting from theimplementation of this recovery plan will affect thelocal residential community and, to a lesser extent,recreational users around Sydney’s EasternSuburbs. Restoration and protection of existing ESBSremnants will result in the increased preservation ofhabitats, thus improving the aesthetic, recreationaland educational values of these areas for thecommunity. This will be particularly beneficial, asthere are presently only a limited number ofopportunities for the community to access andexperience the original native flora and fauna of theregion. Negative social impacts may include publicdissatisfaction with the recovery plan actions thataddress previously unregulated activities such asillegal access, horse riding, and the clearing ofvegetation for motorcycle riding. ESBS also has significant cultural value to localindigenous groups. Indigenous people in the LaPerouse area have traditionally used plant speciesof ESBS for shelter, medicine, food and a range ofceremonial purposes. These same uses are likely tohave occurred at other ESBS sites. ESBS plantspecies are still utilised today by local indigenousgroups for medicinal purposes and in events suchas burial ceremonies. While the local indigenous community will benefitfrom the conservation of ESBS as a result ofactions identified by this plan, some traditional usesmay need to be licensed under the TSC Act. Whilethe DEC is of the opinion that these traditional usesare sustainable and could continue with a licence,there may be a negative social perception thattraditional uses are being regulated or scrutinisedunnecessarily.

10.2 Economic consequences

The economic consequences of this recovery planrelate to the implementation costs and possibledevelopment restrictions. Implementation costs include site assessment, on-ground works, community liaison, and thepreparation of plans of management. Some of theseactions are already part of the duties performed byrelevant staff, for example, DEC staff liaising withthe public or council officers regarding theenvironmental impacts of a proposed development.

As an endangered ecological community listedunder the TSC Act and the EPBC Act, ESBS mustbe considered in statutory environmental impactassessment processes. It is likely that a number ofdevelopment proposals will need to take ESBS intoconsideration. Restrictions or conditions on development in areascontaining ESBS may reduce the developmentpotential of some sites, and therefore result in largefinancial losses. The value of such losses is difficultto estimate, due to the number of sites where thecommunity occurs. Actions involving on-ground managementprograms and the long-term monitoring of sites willalso have economic consequences for landmanagers. These costs will be minimised byseeking funding from external sources and byadopting a co-operative approach to management,which involves the DEC, other relevant landholdersand the community.

11 Implementation

11.1 Implementation costs

The total cost to implement this plan is estimated tobe $98,000 over 5 years with $90,000 provided asin-kind and $8,000 as cash contributions. Thisamount does not include site management costs, asthese will be determined through the developmentof plans of management for ESBS remnants.Appendix 2 details the cost and identifies theparties responsible for the implementation ofspecific recovery actions.

12 Preparation details

This recovery plan was prepared by Philip Glassand Robert Humphries of the DEC’s ThreatenedSpecies Unit, Metropolitan Region, in consultationwith the ESBS Recovery Team.

12.1 Date of last amendment

No amendments have been made to date.

12.2 Review date

The plan will be reviewed and updated five yearsfrom the date of publication.



13 Contacts

13.1 Recovery Team

The Threatened Species Recovery Team for ESBSis coordinated by Central Directorate ThreatenedSpecies Unit, Department of Environment andConservation, PO Box 1967, Hurstville, 2220.Telephone (02) 9585 6678.

14 References

Benson, D.H. and Howell, J. (1990a) Taken forgranted. The bushland of Sydney and its suburbs.Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst.

Benson, D.H. and Howell, J. (1990b) Sydney’svegetation 1788-1988: utilisation, degradation andrehabilitation. Proc. Ecolo. Soc. Aust. 16:115-127.

Benson, D, H, and Howell, J. (1994) The naturalvegetation of Sydney 1:100 000 map sheet.Cunninghamia 3(4): 679-729.

Benson, D.H., Ondinea, D. and Bear, V. (1999)Missing Jigsaw Pieces – The Bushplants of theCooks River Valley. Royal Botanic Gardens,Sydney.

Bradstock, R.A., Keith, D.A. and Auld, T.D.(1995) Fire and conservation: imperatives andconstraints on managing for diversity. In:Conserving biodiversity: threats and solutions. R.A. Bradstock, T.D. Auld, D.A. Keith, R.T.Kingsford, D. Lunney and D.P. Sivertsen (Eds)Surrey Beatty and Sons, Chipping Norton, NSW.

Clark, S.S. and McLoughlin, L.C. (1986) Historicaland biological evidence for fire regimes in theSydney Region Prior to the arrival of Europeans:implications for future bushland management. Aust.Geographer 17:101-112.

Clements, A., Moore, R., Holdway, P., Rodd, T.,Rodd, J. and McDonald, A. (2001) Floraassessment: Proposed “Banksia Grove” residentialsubdivision, Bundock Street, Randwick.

DEC (2003) Threatened Species Information:Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the SydneyBasin Bioregion. NSW Department of Environmentand Conservation, Hurstville.

DEC (2003) Environmental Impact AssessmentGuidelines: Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in theSydney Basin Bioregion. NSW Department ofEnvironment and Conservation, Hurstville

Gill, A.M. (1975) Fire and the Australian Flora: areview. Aust. For. 38:4-25.

Gill, A.M. and Bradstock, R. (1995) Extinction ofbiota by fires. In R.A. Bradstock, T.D. Auld, D.A.Keith, R.T. Kingsford, D. Lunney and D.P.Sivertsen (eds.) Conserving biodiversity: threats

and solutions. Surrey Beatty and Sons, ChippingNorton, NSW.

Lesak, J. (2000) Honours Thesis: Effect of smokewater on a soil seedbank: Is glasshouse germinationa valid test of field response? The University ofNew South Wales.

Mather and Associates Pty Ltd and Ian PerkinsConsultancy Services (1999) Bushland Restorationand Management Plan, for the redevelopment of theIntermodal Freight Terminal and OperationalSidings Muir Road, Chullora. Prepared for NationalRail Corporation Ltd.

McDonald, T. (1994) Case study: bushlandrestoration burns. In C. Brown and L. Tohver (eds.)Bushfire! Looking to the future. NatureConservation Council, Envirobook Publishing,Sydney.

NSW Scientific Committee (1999) Finaldetermination to list Infection by Phytophthoracinnamomi as a key threatening process. NSWScientific Committee, Hurstville.

NSW Scientific Committee (2002) Finaldetermination to list Eastern Suburbs BanksiaScrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion as anendangered ecological community. NSW ScientificCommittee, Hurstville.

Perkins, I. P. (2003) Rehabilitation: An overview.In Plant Conservation: approaches and techniquesfrom an Australian perspective. Brown, C. L., Hall,F., & Mill, J. (Eds) Australian Network for PlantConservation, Canberra.

Purdie, R. W. (1977) Early stages of regenerationafter burning in dry sclerophyll vegetation. IIRegeneration by seed germination. Aust. J. Bot.25:35-46.

Roy, P.S. (1983) Quaternary geology. N Herbert C.(ed) Map accompanying Herbert C. (1983)Geology of the Sydney 1:100,000 Sheet 9130.Geological Survey of NSW, Sydney.

Yates, C.J. and Hobbs, R.H. (1997) TemperateEucalypt woodlands: A review of their status,processes affecting their persistence and techniquesfor restoration. Aust. J. Bot. 45: 949-973.

Recovery Plan for Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub: Appendix 1

Appendix 1: Community Profile and Environmental ImpactAssessment Guidelines

February 2004

THREATENED SPECIES INFORMATION

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrubin the Sydney Basin BioregionConservation Status

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in theSydney Basin Bioregion (ESBS) is listedon Schedule 1 Part 3 of the NSWThreatened Species Conservation Act1995 and the CommonwealthEnvironment Protection and BiodiversityConservation Act 1999 as an endangeredecological community.

ESBS at Jennifer St. La Perouse. Photo-PH Glass.

Distribution

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub onceoccupied around 5,300 hectares of landbetween North Head and Botany Bay.Today, less than 3% of the originaldistribution of this community remains ina number of isolated remnants, ranging insize from 0.06 to 69 hectares.

Surviving stands of ESBS (totallingapproximately 146 hectares) have beenrecorded from the local government areasof Botany, Randwick, Waverley, andManly. ESBS is one of the most criticallyendangered communities in NSW.

Habitat

ESBS once grew extensively over theaeolian dune sands that overlay theHawkesbury Sandstone of Sydney’sEastern Suburbs (Benson & Howell1990a). On North Head, ESBS occurs ona sand sheet of similar age andcomposition to that which ESBSoccupies south of the harbour (NSWScientific Committee 2002).

Description

ESBS generally forms a sclerophyllousheath or scrub community. Someremnants contain small patches ofwoodland, low forest or limited wetterareas, depending on site topography andhydrology.

Common species of ESBS includeBanksia aemula, B. ericifolia, B. serrata,Eriostemon australasius, Lepidospermalaterale, Leptospermum laevigatum,Monotoca elliptica and Xanthorrhoearesinifera (NSW Scientific Committee2002; Benson & Howell 1990a, 1990b,and 1994).

The ESBS community is similar to themore widespread coastal heath vegetationof the eastern seaboard but can bedistinguished using the followingcharacteristics. ESBS occurs on disjunctpatches of nutrient poor aeolian (windblown) dune sand. Coastal heath occurson soils derived from sandstone,Holocene marine sands (Benson &Howell 1994) or on aeolian sands ofyounger age than those of ESBS (NSWScientific Committee 2002).

Coastal heath is also characteristicallymuch lower than ESBS and, althoughsharing many species with ESBS,characteristically contains maritimeelements such as Baeckea imbricata,Correa alba and Westringia fruticosa(Benson & Howell 1990a; NSWScientific Committee 2002).

Ecology

The floristic composition and structuraldiversity of ESBS is influenced by thesize and disturbance history of theremnant (Benson & Howell 1990a; NSWScientific Committee 2002). A soil seedbank for ESBS exists and the communityhas been observed to regenerate naturallyon cleared sand where the soil profileremains intact (Lesak 2000; Clements etal 2001).

February 2004

Field observations indicate that after aprolonged period (>15 years) without fireor similar disturbance, the floristiccomposition and vegetation structure ofESBS becomes simplified with a fewspecies dominating the standingvegetation (P. Ibbetson, DEC, pers.comm.).

Threats

A major threat to ESBS is the loss andfragmentation of habitat through clearingand development. Less than 3% (146 ha)of the original distribution (5,300 ha) ofESBS exists and the remaining stands aresmall and fragmented.

The fragmentation of ecologicalcommunities has many potentialconsequences for ecological processesincluding the following:

• A reduction in species diversity;• An increased susceptibility to

degradation through increasededge-to-area ratios;

• A reduction in population size, whichin turn can increase the probability ofextinction;

• Changes in the fluxes of radiation,wind, water and nutrients across thelandscape;

• An increased abundance ofdefoliating insects resulting incanopy decline and tree dieback;

• The genetic isolation of populationswhich may result in the loss ofgenetic diversity and species fitness;and

• A reduction in seed set resulting fromthe reduced abundance of pollinatingagents (Yates and Hobbs 1997).

Most ESBS remnants are exposed to anumber of potentially degradingprocesses including:• Altered nutrient status;• Altered hydrological regimes;• Over shading;• Mowing, slashing and the

inappropriate use of herbicide;

• Invasion by weed species(particularly Bitou Bush, Lantanaand African Love Grass);

• Inappropriate fire regimes;• Grazing and trampling by horses and

rabbits;• Infection of native plants by

Phytophthora cinnamomi;• Erosion and/or physical damage from

surface water run-off, bicycles, motorvehicles, horses, rabbits andexcessive pedestrian use;

• Inappropriate plantings in and aroundremnants;

• Seed and wildflower collection;• Factors affecting pollination and seed

dispersal processes; and• Dumping of rubbish including fill

material and green waste.

Recorded occurrences inconservation reserves

Only 33 hectares of ESBS (0.6% of theoriginal estimated distribution of thecommunity) occurs in conservationreserves (Botany Bay National Park, LaPerouse and Sydney Harbour NationalPark, North Head). Accordingly, thecommunity is not considered to beadequately represented in conservationreserves.

Management

Management actions should address sitespecific threats and may involve firemanagement, bush regeneration, pestcontrol, fencing, and public education.

Management should also aim to increasethe security of sites through appropriateprotection mechanisms. This may includethe preparation of plans of management,entering into voluntary conservationagreements, rezoning for conservation,etc.

Recovery Plan

A recovery plan for ESBS was approvedin February 2004.

February 2004

For Further Information contact

Threatened Species Unit, Metropolitan Region, Environment Protection and RegulationDivision, Department of Environment and Conservation, PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW2220 Phone 02 9585 6678 or www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au

References

Benson, D.H. & Howell, J. (1990a) Taken for granted. The bushland of Sydney and itssuburbs. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst.

Benson, D.H. & Howell, J. (1990b) Sydney’s vegetation 1788-1988: utilisation,degradation and rehabilitation. Proc. Ecolo. Soc. Aust. 16:115-127.

Benson, D, H, and Howell, J. (1994) The natural vegetation of Sydney 1:100 000 mapsheet. Cunninghamia 3(4): 679-729.

Clements, A., Moore, R., Holdway, P., Rodd, T., Rodd, J. and McDonald, A. (2001) Floraassessment: Proposed “Banksia Grove” residential subdivision, Bundock Street, Randwick.

Lesak, J. (2000) Honours Thesis: Effect of smoke water on a soil seedbank: Is glasshousegermination a valid test of field response? The University of New South Wales.

NSW Scientific Committee 2002) Final determination to list Eastern Suburbs BanksiaScrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion as an endangered ecological community. NSWScientific Committee, Hurstville.

Yates, C.J. & Hobbs, R.H. (1997) Temperate Eucalypt woodlands: a review of their status,processes affecting their persistence and techniques for restoration. Aust. J. Bot. 45: 949-973.

IMPORTANT DISCLAIMERThe NSW Department of Environment and Conservation and the editor expressly disclaim all liability and responsibility toany person, whether a purchaser or reader of this document or not, in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by anyperson in reliance upon the contents of this document although every effort has been made to ensure that the informationpresented in this document is accurate and up to date.

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney

Basin Bioregion

This map is indicative only and it is not intended for fine scale assessment.Copyright NSW Department of Environment and Conservation October 2003

This map is not guaranteed to be free from error or omission The NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service and its employees

disclaim liability for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences of such acts or omissions

29 October 2003

NORTH HEAD

Malabar Headland

Bundock St

York Rd

PortJackson

BonnieDoonGolfCourse

WOOLLAHRA

SOUTH SYDNEY

ROCKDALE RANDWICK

WAVERLEYCentennial Park

Jennifer St

NSW Golf Course

Lakes Golf Course

BOTANY BAY

PACIFIC OCEAN

MANLY

Botany Bay NP

0 0.5 1 1.5 Kilometers

N

EW

S

Sydney Harbour NP

North Harbour

Manly

Predicted ESBS pre-1788* (5300 ha)

NPWS ESTATE

ESBS (146 ha)

Local Government Area

Figure 1. Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES

November 2003

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub inthe Sydney Basin BioregionThe following information is provided to assistauthors of Species Impact Statements,development and activity proponents, anddetermining and consent authorities, who arerequired to prepare or review assessments oflikely impacts on threatened species pursuant tothe provisions of the Environmental Planning andAssessment Act 1979. These guidelines should beread in conjunction with the NPWS InformationCircular No. 2: Threatened Species Assessmentunder the EP&A Act: The ‘8 Part Test’ ofSignificance (November 1996) and with theaccompanying species profile.

Proponents, consent and determining authoritiesshould note that a recovery plan for the EasternSuburbs Banksia Scrub has been prepared and acritical habitat recommendation is in preparation.The recovery plan requires that any developmentsor activities be assessed in accordance with therecovery plan and these environmental impactassessment guidelines. Development proposalsmust asses direct and indirect impacts on thecommunity.

Survey

Surveys of Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub(ESBS) can be conducted at any time of year. Ifsurveys are undertaken in spring, when morespecies are in flower, they are likely to provide amore accurate representation of the diversity ofspecies at a site and so may provide a betterindication of the quality and relative significanceof a remnant (depending on recent disturbancehistory). Survey should also include assessment ofthe soil seed bank. Some species may only berepresented as seeds and not as above groundvegetation.

Threatening processesThe following key threatening processes listed onSchedule 3 of the TSC Act are potentially relevantto ESBS:

• Clearing of native vegetation;• Invasion of native plant communities by

Chrysanthemoides monilifera;• High frequency fire resulting in the disruption

of life cycle processes in plants and animals

and loss of vegetation structure andcomposition;

• Infection of native plants by Phytophthoracinnamomi;

• Competition and grazing by the feralEuropean Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(L.);

• Invasion of native plant communities by exoticperennial grasses; and

• Anthropogenic climate change.

Clearing of native vegetation is listed as a keythreatening process and is a major threat to ESBS.Past and present clearing of ESBS is the primarycause of its endangered status. The clearing ofnative vegetation adjacent to ESBS stands mayalso impact upon the community indirectly. Invasion of native plant communities byChrysanthemoides monilifera is listed as a keythreatening process. C. monilifera is a SouthAfrican species of which two subspecies occur inAustralia; ssp. monilifera (Boneseed), and ssp.rotundata (Bitou Bush). Both subspecies caninvade and displace native plant communities dueto their vigorous growth, prolific seed productionand effective seed dispersal (NSW ScientificCommittee 1999). Several ESBS remnants sufferfrom high levels of Bitou Bush infestation.

High frequency fire has the potential to disruptlife cycle processes in native vegetation. SomeESBS remnants have been subject to frequentburning in the past, mostly from illegally lit fires.The re-instatement of appropriate fire regimes(where possible) should be a priority whendeveloping management strategies for sites thatcontain ESBS.

ESBS is likely to be susceptible to infection byPhytophthora cinnamomi either through the directinfection and death of plants, or through habitatdegradation and a resultant loss of habitatcomplexity. Grazing by feral rabbits andcompetition by exotic perennial grasses(particularly Eragrostis curvula) are also recordedas threats at a number of ESBS remnants.

A significant area of habitatIt should be noted that all ESBS remnants aresmall (typically 0.06 to 1 ha), isolated anddegraded to some extent. Given that less than 3%

of the original distribution of ESBS remains (146ha), all remnants should be considered to besignificant.

Isolation/fragmentationIsolation and fragmentation are significant issuesfor ESBS, as a majority of the remnants are small(≤1.0ha) and isolated. Some ESBS remnants occuras retained vegetation in golf courses, and inmedian strips.

Regional distribution of the habitatThe distribution of ESBS is confined to theSydney Basin Bioregion and surviving remnantsare restricted to the Eastern Suburbs of Sydneyand North Head.

Limit of known distributionThe known northern, southern, eastern andwestern limits of the endangered community are at

Manly, La Perouse, Malabar and Botany Bayrespectively.

Adequacy of representation in conservationreserves or other similar protected areasApproximately 33 hectares of ESBS occurs inBotany Bay National Park and Sydney HarbourNational Park. Some sites also occur in councilreserves. However, it is considered that this initself does not ensure the survival of thecommunity (NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

Critical habitatTo date critical habitat has not been declared forthis community under the TSC Act. The DEC willprepare a Recommendation for the Identificationof Critical Habitat for ESBS.

For further information contact:Threatened Species Unit, Metropolitan Region, Environment Protection and Regulation Division, Department of Environment andConservation, PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone 02 9585 6678 or www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au

REFERENCES

NSW Scientific Committee (1999) Final determination to list invasion by Bitou Bush as a Key Threatening Process. NSW ScientificCommittee, Hurstville.NSW Scientific Committee (2002) Final determination to list Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion as anendangered ecological community. NSW Scientific Committee, Hurstville.

IMPORTANT DISCLAIMERThe NSW Department of Environment and Conservation and the editor expressly disclaim all liability and responsibility to any person, whether apurchaser or reader of this document or not, in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by any person in reliance upon the contents of thisdocument although every effort has been made to ensure that the information presented in this document is accurate and up to date.


Appendix 2: Recovery Plan Cost Schedule Format

Costing Table. Estimated costs of implementing the actions identified in the ESBS Recovery Plan are provided below.Action No. Action Title Priority Estimated Cost/yr Total Cost Responsible

party/fundingsource

In-Kind Cash

Year 1 Year2 Year3 Year 4 Year 59.1.1,9.1.2& 9.1.3

Survey and mapping 1 12,000 3,500 3,500 1,750 1,750 22,500 DEC 17,500 5,000

9.2.1 Critical habitat 1 6,250 6,250 DEC 5,250 1,0009.2.2,9.2.59.2.6 & 9.2.7

Liaison with agencies 1 3,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 13,500 DEC 13,500

9.3.1 Best Practice Mgt. Guidelines 2 5,000 5,000 DEC 5,0009.3.2 Prioritise sites 2 3,500 3,500 DEC & landholder/

manager3,500

9.3.3 Site management plans development andimplementation

1 * * * * * * DEC, CrownLand/VCLlicensee, RandwickCouncil, SWC,CP&MPT, EnergyAustralia, DOD,Landcom, DE&T.

9.4.1 Council bush regeneration coord. 2 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 12,500 Randwick Council 12,5009.4.4 Educational signage 2 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 12,500 DEC 12,5009.4.2 & 9.4.3 Educational leaflet development and

distribution2 3,000 3,000 2,500 2,500 2,500 13,500 DEC 8,500 2,000

Randwick Council 1,000Waverley Council 1,000Botany Council 1,000

9.5.1 Coordinate research 1 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 8,750 DEC 8,750

TOTAL 40,000 15,750 15,250 13,500 13,500 98,000 90,000 8,000Priority ratings are: 1 – Action critical to meeting plan objectives, 2 – Action contributing to meeting plan objectives, 3 – Desirable but not essential action‘In-kind’ funds represent the salary component of permanent staff and current resources* amount to be determined by responsible agencyDEC = Dept of Environment and Conservation, SWC = Sydney Water Corporation, CP&MPT = Centennial Park & Moore Park Trust, DOD = Dept of Defence, DE&T = Dept of Education and Training


Appendix 3: Site details

This section provides lists of the flora species recorded at each known ESBS site (see table below) and identifiessome of the major management issues at these sites.

In the following lists:

• the species marked in the ‘ESBS species’ column are species that are identified in the NSW ScientificCommittee’s final determination as being part of the characteristic assemblage of vascular plants of ESBS;

• the species marked in the ‘Dry ESBS’ column are species found in dry areas;• the species marked in the ‘Moist ESBS’ column are species found in wet areas on deep sand; and• the species marked in the ‘Transition zone’ column are species found primarily in the transition zones

between deep sands and sandstone outcrops.

The nomenclature used follows Harden, G.J. (ed) (1990-1993) Flora of New South Wales. Vol. 1-4 (New SouthWales University Press, Sydney).

Please note that the species lists contained in this Appendix are not definitive and additional flora speciesmay be present at some sites.

Site Name Relevant map in Appendix 4Anzac Parade, Malabar Malabar Headland WestArthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra Malabar Headland WestAustralian Golf Course, Kensington Australian Golf CourseBanksmeadow Primary School, Banksmeadow BanksmeadowBonnie Doon Golf Course, Pagewood (includes Mutch Park) Bonnie Doon Golf CourseBotany Bay NP, La Perouse & Little Bay La Perouse East & Jennifer StBunnerong Rd, Chifley Bunnerong Rd, ChifleyBunnerong Substation, Matraville Bunnerong SubstationCentennial Park Centennial Park North & SouthEastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes Botany Wetlands 1, 2 & 3Jennifer St (ALC Land), Little Bay Jennifer StJennifer St (Telstra Land), Little Bay Jennifer StMalabar Headland East, Malabar Malabar Headland EastMalabar Headland West, Malabar Malabar Headland WestMaroubra Reservoir, Maroubra Maroubra ReservoirNorth Head, Manly North HeadNSW Golf Course, La Perouse La Perouse EastPioneers Park, Malabar Malabar Headland WestPrince Henry Hospital, Little Bay Little Bay NorthRandwick Environmental Park, Kingsford Randwick Environmental ParkSt Michael's Golf Course, Little Bay Little Bay South & La Perouse EastThe Lakes Golf Course, Eastlakes Botany Wetlands 1, 2 & 3Wassell St, Matraville Bunnerong Rd, ChifleyYork Rd, Bondi Junction York Rd


Anzac Parade, Malabar

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 27/8/00. 14 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 11 characteristic ESBS species.

Management issuesWeed controlFire managementMowing and other ‘tidying’ activities by CouncilLitter & rubbish dumpingAccessErosion control

Main weed species notedStenatopharum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass)Coreopsis lanceolata (Coreopsis)Lantana camara (Lantana)Sundry other species

Class FilicopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

speciesDry

ESBSDennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X

Class MagnoliopsidaSub-Class MagnoliidaeFamily Botanical Name ESBS

speciesDry

ESBSEpacridaceae Monotoca elliptica X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X XFabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X- Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X XMyrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X XProteaceae Lambertia formosa X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X

Lomandra longifolia X XLomandra sp. X

Poaceae Eragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X


Arthur Byrne Reserve, Malabar


Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementAccessFox/rabbit controlErosion controlStormwater run-off

Main weed species notedCynodon dactylon (Couch)


SpeciesDry

ESBSAizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens XEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X

Leucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XWoollsia pungens X X

Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia myrtifolia X

Acacia suaveolens X XAcacia ulicifolia X X

Fabaceae – Faboideae Dillwynia retorta XHaloragaceae Gonocarpus teucroides X XMyrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X XProteaceae Lambertia formosa X XRubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XThymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia XSub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea XCyperaceae Isolepis nodosus X

Lepidosperma laterale X XLiliaceae Dianella congesta X X

Dianella revoluta X XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X

Lomandra longifolia X XPoaceae Eragrostis brownii X X

Imperata cylindrica XRestionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Australian Golf Course, Kensington

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 27/2/2001. 16 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 12 characteristic ESBS species. The remnant has a small section immediately north of the access roadand a larger section along the ridge top to the south of the access road.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementAccessRabbit control

Main weed species notedEragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass)Erythrina x sykesii (Coral Tree)Acacia salignaPinus radiataOther plantings of on-indigenous species

South sectionClass FilicopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry



SpeciesDry

ESBSEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X

Monotoca elliptica X XFabaceae Acacia suaveolens X X- MimosoideaeMyrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X XProteaceae Banksia aemula X X

Kunzea ambigua X XLambertia formosa X XXylomelum pyriforme X

Sub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca XPoaceae Aristida racemosa X

Eragrostis brownii X XMicrolaena stipoides X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X

North sectionClass MagnoliopsidaSub-Class MagnoliidaeFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry

ESBSEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X XProteaceae Banksia aemula X X

Xylomelum pyriforme XSub-Class LiliidaeXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Banksmeadow Primary School, Banksmeadow


Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementErosion controlRubbish dumping

Main weed species notedGrasses including Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Lantana camara (Lantana)Opuntia sp. (Prickly Pear)Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb)


SpeciesDry


Class MagnoliopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry

ESBSSub-Class MagnoliidaeCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X

Leucopogon virgatus XFabaceae –Mimosoideae

Acacia sophorae X X

Myrtaceae Leptospermum trinervium X XThymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XViolaceae Hybanthus monopetalus XSub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea XCyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X

Lepidosperma laterale X XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca XPoaceae Danthonia sp. X

Microlaena stipoides XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X

This site has been surveyed previously and the species found previous surveys that were not noted on 27/02/01are listed below. 4 of these 6 species are characteristic of ESBS.

“Report on Banksmeadow Heath” prepared by Doug Benson (Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney). Surveyed31/10/89.Acacia suaveolensHaemodorum planifoliumHibbertia fascicularisMonotoca ellipticaOpercularia aspera

“Restoration of Native Vegetation at Banksmeadow Public School” prepared by Danie Ondinea (National Trustof Australia (NSW)). Surveyed 8/96.Cheilanthes sieberiHaemodorum planifolium


Bonnie Doon Golf Course, Pagewood

Site surveyed by D. Hirschfeld in May 1997. 42 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 31 species that are characteristic of ESBS.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFill/water/nutrients from tees and greensFox/rabbit controlMowing/slashingErosion controlInappropriate mulching and plantingDumping of green wasteAccess

Main weed species notedEragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Lantana camara (Lantana)Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb)


SpeciesDry

ESBSSub-Class MagnoliidaeApiaceae Platysace ericoides XCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X

Hibbertia linearis XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XWoollsia pungens X X

Euphorbiaceae Ricinocarpos pinifolius X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X

Acacia ulicifolia X XFabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Bossiaeae scolopendria X X

Dillwynia glaberrima XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Corymbia gummifera X XLeptospermum laevigtaum X XLeptospermum trinervium XMelaleuca nodosa X X

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum XProteaceae Banksia aemula X X

Banksia paludosa XLambertia formosa X XPersoonia lanceolata X XPetrophile pulchella X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Eriostemon australasius X XThymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X


Family Botanical Name ESBSSpecies

DryESBS

Sub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Caustis pentandra X X

Lepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus ericetorum X X

Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X

Lomandra longifolia X XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Eragrostis brownii X XThemeda australis X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Botany Bay (North) National Park

Site surveyed by the NPWS between March 1998 and May 2001. 150 species of native plants were noted withinESBS vegetation including 57 characteristic ESBS species.

Management issuesWeed controlFire managementPossible soil contamination and disturbance from past building construction and Golf Course activities up-slopeInappropriate access and mulch placementDumping of rubbish (past and continuing)Dog/fox/rabbit controlErosion by wind (and water on steeper slopes)

Main weed species notedChrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Lantana camara (Lantana)Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta)Acetosa saggitata (Turkey Rhubarb)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Pelargonium capitatum (Pelargonium)Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass)

Class LycopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Lycopodiaceae Selaginella uliginosa X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Histiopteris incisa XPteridium esculentum X XHypolepis muelleri X

Dicksoniaceae Calochaena dubia XGleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa XLindsaeaceae Lindsaea linearis XSchizaeaceae Cheilanthes sieberi X

Schizaea bifida X

Class CycadopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Zamiaceae Macrozamia communis X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Apiaceae Actinotus helianthi X XActinotus minor X X XCentella asiatica XXanthosia pilosa X XPlatysace ericoides XPlatysace stephensonii* X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea XAsteraceae Epaltes australis XBlandfordiaceae Blandfordia nobilis XCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCassythaceae Cassytha pubescens XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X

Hibbertia linearis XHibbertia scandens X

Droseraceae Drosera sp. XElaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides XEpacris longiflora X X XEpacris microphylla X X XEpacris obtusifolia X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X XWoollsia pungens X X

Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada XBreynia oblongifolia XPoranthera corymbosa XRicinocarpus pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X X- Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X

Acacia suaveolens X XAcacia terminalis X XAcacia ulicifolia X X

Fabaceae Aotus ericoides X- Faboideae Bossiaea heterophylla X X

Bossiaea scolopendria X XDillwynia glaberrima XDillwynia retorta X XHardenbergia violacea X XHovea linearis XViminaria juncea X

Geraniaceae Pelagonium australe XGoodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X

Goodenia lanceolata XGoodenia paniculata X

Haloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus XGonocarpus teucroides X X

Loganiaceae Mitrasacme polymorpha XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Baeckea imbricata X XCallistemon citrinus XCallistemon linearis XCallistemon rigidus XCalytrix tetragona X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Myrtaceae Corymbia gummifera X XDarwinia fascicularis X XEucalyptus robusta XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum arachnoides XLeptospermum juniperinum XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum squarrosum XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca armillaris XMelaleuca nodosa X X XMelaleuca squamea X XMicromyrtus ciliata X

Oleaceae Notelaea sp. XPittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X

Pittosporum revolutum XPolygalaceae Comesperma ericinum XProteaceae Banksia aemula X X

Banksia ericifolia X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia oblongifolia X XBanksia robur XBanksia serrata X XConospermum taxifolium X XHakea dactyloides XHakea gibbosa XHakea teretifolia X XIsopogon anemonifolius XKunzea ambigua X XLambertia formosa X XLomatia silaifolia XPersoonia lanceolata X XPetrophile pulchella XXylomelum pyriforme X

Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera XPomax umbellata X X

Rutaceae Boronia rigens XCorrea reflexa XEriostemon australasius X XEriostemon buxifolius XPhilotheca salsolifolia X XZieria laevigata XZieria pilosa X

Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla XStackhousiaceae Stackhousia viminea XThymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XVerbenaceae Chloanthes stoechadis XViolcaeae Hybanthus monopetalus XSub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Cyperaceae Baumea juncea XCaustis pentandra X XChorizandra cymbaria XCyathochaeta diandra X XGymnoschoenusSphaerocephalus

X

Isolepis nodosa XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus brevifolius XSchoenus ericetorum X

Haemodoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XJuncaceae Juncus pallidus XLiliaceae Dianella caerulea X

Dianella congesta XDianella revoluta X X

Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca XLomandra longifolia X XLomandra obliqua X

Orchidaceae Cryptostylis erecta XPoaceae Aristida ramosa X

Dichelachne crinita X XEntolasia marginata XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XMicrolaena stipoides XPaspalidium distans XStipa mollis XThemeda australis X

Restionaceae Empodisma minus XHypolaena fastigiata X XLeptocarpus tenax X X XRestio fastigiatus X XRestio planifolius X

Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X XXyridaceae Xyris complanatus X

Xyris gracilis X*ROTAP listed threatened species, Category 3RC-.


Bunnerong Road, Chifley

Site surveyed by the NPWS between August 2000 and May 2002. 29 native species were noted within ESBSvegetation including 22 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementDirect damage by locals cutting and clearing the remnant bushFox/rabbit controlDumping of rubbishPossible soil disturbance from construction, dumping and levelling of the surrounding areaErosionAccess

Main weed species notedChrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Lantana camara (Lantana)Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta)Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb)


SpeciesDry

ESBSCassytheaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XCunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum XEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X

Monotoca elliptica X XEuphorbiaceae Glochidion ferdinandi XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X XFabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X- Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X XMyrtaceae Corymbia gummifera X X

Leptospermum laevigatum X XKunzea ambigua X XMelaleuca nodosa X X


Hakea dactyloides XHakea teretifolia X XLambertia formosa X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata XRutaceae Eriostemon australasius X XSub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea XCyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X XPhormiaceae Dianella revoluta X XPoaceae Eragrostis brownii X X

Imperata cylindrica XRestionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Bunnerong Substation, Matraville


Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFox/rabbit controlClearing under power lines and along fencelinesPossible soil contamination from dumping of fill for construction at the high pointInappropriate plantingsErosion control

Main weed species notedChrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Lantana camara (Lantana)Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass)Chloris gayana (Rhodes Grass)


SpeciesDry



SpeciesDry

ESBSSub-Class MagnoliidaeCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XCunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum XCheilanthaceae Cheilanthus sieberi XDilleniaceae Hibbertia obtusifolia X

Hibbertia scandens XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Leucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X X

Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia XRicinocarpus pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X

Acacia terminalis subsp. angustifolia X XAcacia ulicifolia X X


Dillwynia retorta X XHardenbergia violacea X X

Halagoraceae Gonocarpus teucroides X XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Leptospermum laevigatum X XPittosporaceae Billardieria scandens X X

Pittosporum undulatum X



DryESBS

Proteaceae Banksia aemula X XBanksia integrifolia X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XThymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XViolaceae Hybanthus monopetalus XCyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X

Lepidosperma laterale X XLomandraceae Lomandra longifolia XPhormiaceae Dianella revoluta X XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Eragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XMicrolaena stipoides XThemeda australis X

Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Centennial Park

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 31/8/00. 21 species of native plant were noted within ESBS vegetation including17 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementAccessDog/rabbit controlErosion along informal path/bike tracksMowingOvershading by Radiata PineInappropriate plantings including Grevillea cultivars, Callistemon sp., Acacia falcata, Angophora hispida,Dodonea triquetra, Doryanthes excelsa and Platycerium bifurcata

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Protasparagus plumosus (Climbing Asparagus Fern)Araucaria cunninghamii (Hoop Pine)Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)Phoenix canariensis (Phoenix Palm)Salpichroa origanifolia (Pampas Lily-of-the-Valley)


SpeciesDry

ESBSTransition

zonesEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X

Monotoca elliptica X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- MimosoideaeMoraceae Ficus rubiginosa XMyrtaceae Kunzea ambigua X X

Leptospermum laevigatum X XMelaleuca nodosa X X


Banksia integrifolia X XBanksia serrata X XLambertia formosa X X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X XLiliaceae Dianella revlouta X XLomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Entolasia marginata XEragrostis brownii X XMicrolaena stipoides X

Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Eastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes

Site surveyed by D. Hirschfeld in May 1997. 66 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 35 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFill/water/nutrients from tees and greensFox/rabbit controlMowing/slashingErosion controlInappropriate mulching and plantingDumping of green waste and other materialAccess

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)


SpeciesDry

ESBSCheilanthaceae Cheilanthes seiberi XDennestaediaceae Pteridium esculentum X X


SpeciesDry

ESBSSub-Class MagnoliidaeApiaceae Platysace ericoides XCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fascicularis X X

Hibbertia linearis XHibbertia obtusifolia X

Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X XLeucopogon ericoides X XLeucopogon virgatus X XMonotoca elliptica X XMonotoca scoparia X XWoollsia pungens X X

Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada XRicinocarpos pinifolius X X


Acacia ulicifolia X XFabaceae Aotus ericoides X - Faboideae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X

Bossiaeae scolopendria X XDillwynia retorta X XGlycine microphylla XHovea linearis XKennedia runbicunda X



DryESBS

Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta XHypericaceae Hypericum gramineum XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Baeckea ramosissima XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum laevigtaum X XLeptospermum trinervium XMelaleuca nodosa XMelaleuca thymifolia X

Proteaceae Banksia aemula X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia paludosa XGrevillea sericea XHakea dactyloides XLambertia formosa X XPersoonia lanceolata X XXylomelum pyriforme X

Rhaminaceae Cryptandra amara XRubiaceae Opercularia aspera X

Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Eriostemon australasius X XThymelaeaceae Pimelea curviflora X

Pimelea linifolia X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Cyathochaeta diandra X X

Cyperus polystachyos XIsolepis nodosa XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus ericetorum X X

Iridaceae Patersonia sp. XHaemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XLomandraceae Lomandra cylindrica X

Lomandra glauca XPhormiaceae Dianella revoluta X XPoaceae Aristida racemosa X

Dichelachne crinita X XEchinopogon caespitosus XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrheaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Jennifer St (Aboriginal Land Council Land), Little Bay


Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementDumping of rubbish and carsAccessRabbit control

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass)


speciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X XLindsaeaceae Lindsaea linearis X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. X XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris microphylla X X XEpacris longiflora X X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X XWoollsia pungens X X

Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X

Acacia ulicifolia X XFabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X- Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X XHalagoraceae Gonocarpus tetragynus X

Gonocarpus teucrioides X XLoganiaceae Mitrasacme polymorpha XMyrtaceae Calytrix tetragona X

Darwinia fascicularis X XLeptospermum laevigatum X XMelaleuca nodosa X X

Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Transitionzones

Proteaceae Banksia ericifolia X XConospermum taxifolium X XHakea gibbosa XHakea teretifolia X XKunzea ambigua X XPersoonia lanceolata X XPetrophile pulchella X

Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera XPomax umbellata X X

Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X XEriostemon buxifolius X

Scrophulariaceae Veronica plebeia XSterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Baumea sp. X

Cyathochaeta diandra X X XGahnia sieberana XIsolepis nodosa XLepidosperma laterale X X

Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XLiliaceae Dianella caerulea XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X XPoaceae Eragrostis brownii X X

Paspalidium distans XRestionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X X X

Lepyrodia scariosa X X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X X

The ROTAP listed Platysace stephensonii was noted at the site on 17/5/01 by Kevin Mills (Kevin Mills &Associates Pty Ltd)


Jennifer Street (Telstra Land), La Perouse

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 4/7/01. 79 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including45 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementDumping of rubble and rubbishWeed grasses spreading from the lawn areasClearing under the cables and around fencelinesFox/rabbit control

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass)

Class PsilopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Psilotaceae Psilotum nudum X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Sellaginellaceae Sellaginella uliginosa X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X XLindseaceae Lindsea linearis X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Apiaceae Platysace stephensonii* XXanthosia pilosa X X

Asteraceae Actinotus helianthii X XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X

Hibbertia scandens XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris longiflora X XEpacris microphylla X X XEpacris obtusifolia X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X XWoollsia pungens X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

TransitionZones


Acacia ulicifolia X XFabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X

Bossiaea scolopendria X X- Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X

Gompholobium glabratum XGoodeniaceae Goodenia sp. XMyrtaceae Callistemon citrinus X X

Callistemon rigidus XCalytrix tetragona XCorymbia gummifera X XDarwinia fascicularis X XDarwinia leptantha X XLeptospermum arachnoides XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca nodosa X XMicromyrtus ciliata X X

Oleaceae Notolaea sp. XPittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X XProteaceae Banksia ericifolia X X

Banksia integrifolia X XBanksia serrata X XHakea gibbosa XHakea teretifolia X X XKunzea ambigua X XLambertia formosa X XPetrophile pulchella XPersoonia laevis XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X

Eriostemon buxifolius XZieria laevigata X


Cyathochaeta diandra X XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus brevifolius XSchoenus ericetorum X X

Dasypogonaceae Lomandra glauca XLomandra longifolia X X

Orchidaceae Acianthus fornicatus XCryptostylis sp. X

Phormiaceae Dianella sp. XDianella revoluta X X

Poaceae Aristida racemosa XEntolasia stricta XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XPaspalidium distans X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Transitionzones

Poaceae Stipa sp. XThemeda australis X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XLeptocarpus tenax X XRestio planifolius X

Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X* ROTAP listed species 3RC-


Malabar Headland East

Site surveyed by the NPWS between July 2000 and July 2001. 91 species of native plants were noted withinESBS vegetation including 41 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementErosion and damage to plants along informal access tracks (trail bikes, horses, pedestrians)Water and wind erosion on steeper slopesRabbits (erosion and grazing)Horses (spreading weed propagules and nutrients in faeces, erosion of tracks)Dogs and foxes (nutrients in faeces, erosion and threat to fauna)Possible soil contamination and disturbance from past building construction, military and sewage works.Dumping of vehicles and rubbish

Main weed species notedPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Sporobolus indicus var. capensis (Parramatta Grass)Paspalum dilatatum (Paspalum)Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass)Cortaderia selloana (Pampas Grass)


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

TransitionZones



SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

TransitionZones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X XLindsaeaceae Lindsea linearis X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

TransitionZones

Aizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens XApiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X

Xanthosia pilosa X XPlatysace lanceolata X

Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X


Droseraceae Drosera sp. XEpacridaceae Astroloma humifusum X

Astroloma pinifolium X XBrachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris microphylla X XLeucopogon ericoides X XLeucopogon parviflorus XMonotoca elliptica X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

TransitionZones

Proteaceae Woollsia pungens X XEuphorbiaceae Amperea xiphodada X

Phyllanthus hirtellus XRicinocarpus pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X- Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X


Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X- Faboideae Bossiaea scolopendria X

Dillwynia floribunda XDillwynia retorta X XKennedia rubicunda X

Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta XLamiaceae Westringia fruiticosa XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Baeckea imbricata X XCallistemon citrinus XCallistemon linearis XCallistemon rigidus XDarwinia fascicularis X XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum arachnoides XLeptospermum juniperinum XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum squarrosum XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca armillaris XMelaleuca ericifolia XMelaleuca nodosa X XMicromyrtus ciliata X

Proteaceae Banksia aemula X XBanksia ericifolia X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia robur XBanksia serrata X XConospermum ellipticum XConospermum taxifolium X XHakea gibbosa XHakea teretifolia X XLambertia formosa X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Rutaceae Correa reflexa XEriostemon buxifolius XPhilotheca salsolifolia X X

Sterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineumvar. ferrugineum

X

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Baumea juncea X

Caustis pentandra X XCyathochaeta diandra X XGahnia sp. X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

TransitionZones

Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus ericetorum X

Juncaceae Juncus krausii XLomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X

Lomandra glauca XPhormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X

Dianella sp. XThelionema umbellata X

Poaceae Entolasia sp. XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XPaspalidium distans XThemeda australis X

Restionaceae Empodisma minus XHypolaena fastigiata X XLeptocarpus tenax X XRestio fastigiatus X

Typhaceae Typha sp. XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Malabar Headland West

Site surveyed by NPWS between July 2000 and July 2001. 116 native plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 51 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed control (particularly Bitou Bush)Fire managementErosion and damage to plants along informal access tracks (trail bikes, horses, pedestrians)Water and wind erosion on steeper slopesRabbits (erosion and grazing)Horses (spreading weed propagules and nutrients in faeces, erosion of tracks)Dogs, cats and foxes (nutrients in faeces, erosion and threat to fauna)Dumping of green waste, fill and rubbleConstruction of ‘cubbies’ by local children

Main weed species notedPennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Lantana camara (Lantana)Cortaderia selloana (Pampas Grass)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass)Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass)Pittosporum undulatum (Sweet Pittosporum)Paspalum sp.Acacia saligna


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X XGleicheniaceae Sticherus flabellatus X

Gleichenia dicarpa XLindseaeceae Lindsea linearis X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Transitionzones

Apiaceae Actinotus helianthii X XCentella asiatica XPlatysace lanceolata X XPlatysace stephensonii* XXanthosia pilosa X X

Asteraceae Helichrysum elata XOzothamnus diosmifolius X

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XCunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum XDilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X


Droseraceae Drosera sp. XFamily Botanical Name ESBS Dry Moist Transition


Species ESBS ESBS zonesElaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris longiflora X X XEpacris microphylla X XEpacris obtusifolia X XLeucopogon ericoides X X XLeucopogon parviflorus XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X XWoolsia pungens X X X

Euphorbiaceae Amperia xiphoclada XRicinocarpus pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X- Faboideae Bossiaea scolopendria X X X

Dillwynia floribunda X XDillwynia retorta X XHardenbergia violacea X X

Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X- Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X X

Acacia suaveolens X XAcacia terminalis X XAcacia ulicifolia X X

Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta XGoodenia ovata XGoodenia stelligera X

Haloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus XGonocarpus tetragynus XGonocarpus teucrioides X X

Myrtaceae Angophora costata XCallistemon citrinus XCallistemon linearis X XCallistemon rigidus XCalytrix tetragona X XCorymbia gummifera X XDarwinia fascicularis X X XEucalyptus botryoides XKunzea ambigua X X XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum squarrosum XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca nodosa X X XMelaleuca squamea X

Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X XPittosporum undulatum X

Proteaceae Banksia aemula X XBanksia ericifolia X X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia oblongifolia XConospermum taxifolium X XHakea gibbosa XHakea teretifolia X X XLambertia formosa X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Transitionzones

Proteaceae Lomatia silaifolia XPersoonis laevis XPersoonia lanceolata X X XPetrophile pulchella XXylomelum pyriforme X

Rhamnaceae Cryptandra amara var amara XRubiaceae Opercularia aspera X

Pomax umbellata X X XRutaceae Boronia floribunda X

Boronia parvifolia X XBoronia rigens XCorrea reflexa XEriostemon australasius X XEriostemon buxifolius X X

Stackhousiaceae Stackhousia viminea XThylmelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Baumea sp. X

Cyathochaeta diandra X XGahnia seiberana XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus brevifolius XSchoenus ericitorum X

Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca XLomandra longifolia X X

Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium XIridaceae Patersonia glabrata XLiliaceae Dianella congesta X

Thelionema umbellatum XOrchidaceae Cryptostylis erecta X

Pterostylis erecta XPoaceae Aristida ramosa X

Danthonia sp. XDichelachne crinita X XEntolasia stricta XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XMicrolaena stipoides XPaspalidium distans XStipa sp. X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigatia X XRestio fastigiatus X X X

Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X X* ROTAP listed species, ‘Rare, 3RC-‘


Maroubra Reservoir, Maroubra

Site surveyed by NPWS on 27/2/01. 17 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 11characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementPast plantingsFill and rock embankment above the site

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou bush)Mixed exotic grassesAcacia saligna


SpeciesDry

ESBSSub-Class MagnoliidaeCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X XMyrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X X

Melaleuca armillaris* XPittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum XProteaceae Banksia integrifolia* X X

Banksia serrata* X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Thylemaceae Pimelea linifolia X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Isolepis nodosa XPoaceae Danthonia sp. X

Entolasia stricta XEragrostis brownii X X

Restionaceae Restio fastigiatus X X*Some or all of the individuals of these species may have been planted


New South Wales Golf Club, La Perouse

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 12/12/00. 113 species of native plants were notedwithin ESBS vegetation including 46 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFill/water/nutrients from tees and greensErosion controlFox/rabbit controlMowing, slashing, removal of overstoreyPath constructionInappropriate plantingDumping of green waste, sand and rubbishAccess

Main weed species notedCynodon dactylon (Couch)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Lantana camara (Lantana)Protasparagus plumosus (Climbing Asparagus)Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu)Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass)Pelargonium capitatum (Pelargonium)Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb)


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS



SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X XGleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Sub-Class MagnoliidaeAizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens XApiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X

Centella asiatica XPlatysace lanceolata XXanthosia pilosa X X

Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea XAsclepiadaceae Marsdenia suaveolens XAsteraceae Epaltes australis XCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XCentrolepidaceae Centrolepis fascicularis XChloanthaceae Chloanthes stoechadis XConvolvulaceae Dichondra repens X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Cunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum XDilleniaceae Hibbertia acicularis X

Hibbertia fasciculata X XHibbertia linearis XHibbertia scandens X

Eleaocarpaceae Eleaocarpus reticulata XEpacridaceae Atsroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris microphylla X X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X X

Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada XBreynia oblongifolia XRicinocarpus pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X- Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X



Bossiaea scolopendria X XDillwynia glaberima XDillwynia retorta X XHardenbergia violaceae X X

Geraniaceae Pelargonium australe XGoodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X

Goodenia paniculata X XHalagoraceae Gonocarpus teucrioides X XMyrtaceae Acmena smithii X

Angophora costata XBaeckea imbricata XCallistemon citrinus XCallistemon linearis XDarwinia fascicularis X XEucalyptus botryoides XEucalyptus globoidea XEucalyptus robusta XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum juniperinum XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca nodosa X X XMelaleuca armillaris X

Oleaceae Notelea ovata XPittosporaceae Billardieria scandens X X

Pittosporum undulatum XProteaceae Banksia aemula X X

Banksia ericifolia X X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia serrata X XConospermum taxifolium X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Hakea dactyloides XHakea teretifolia X X XIsopogon anemonifolius XPersoonia lanceolata X XXylomelum pyriforme X

Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera XOpercularia varia XPomax umbellata X X

Rutaceae Correa alba XCorrea reflexa XEriostemon australasius X XPhilotheca salsolifolia X X

Sapindaceae Dodonea triquetra XSolanaceae Solanum aviculare XSterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum

Var. ferrugineumX

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XViolaceae Hybanthus monopetalus XVitaceae Cissus hypoglauca XSub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea XCyperaceae Baumea juncea X

Isolepis nodosa XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus ericetorum X

Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XLiliaceae Thelionema umbellata XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X

Lomandra longifolia X XPhormiaceae Dianella caerulea X


Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X XEntolasia stricta XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XMicrolaena stipoides XPaspalidium distans XStipa sp. XThemeda australis X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XRestio fastigiatus X X

Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorhoea resinifera X X


North Head, Manly

Site surveyed by the NPWS between September 2001 and January 2002. 76 species of native plants were notedwithin ESBS vegetation including 43 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFox/rabbit controlErosion controlInfrastructure maintenance and constructionDumping of rubbishDrainage from roads

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)


SpeciesDry

ESBSTransition

zonesDennestaediaceae Pteridium esculentum X XGleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa XLindsaeaceae Lindsea linearis XSchizaeaceae Schizea bifida X


SpeciesDry

ESBSTransition

zonesApiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X

Actinotus minor X XPlatysace lanceolata XXanthosia pilosa X X

Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia dentata X

Hibbertia scandens XHibbertia fasciculata X XHibbertia linearis X

Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus XEpacridaceae Astroloma humifusum X

Astroloma pinifolium X XBrachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris longiflora X XEpacris obtusifolia X XLeucopogon microphyllus XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X XWoollsia pungens X X

Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada XGlochidion ferdinandi XRicinocarpos pinifolius X X


Acacia ulicifolia X X



DryESBS

Transitionzones

Fabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Bossiaeae scolopendria X X

Dillwynia retorta X XMyrtaceae Angophora hispida X

Darwinia fascicularis X XEucalyptus camfieldii XKunzea ambigua X XKunzea capitata XLeptospermum laevigtaum X XLeptospermum squarrosum XMelaleuca armillaris XMelaleuca nodosa X X


Banksia ericifolia X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia marginata XBanksia oblongifolia XBanksia serrata X XConospermum ellipticum XConospermum taxifolium X XGrevillea buxifolia XGrevillea speciosa sp.Speciosa

X

Hakea gibbosa XHakea teretifolia X XLambertia formosa X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X

Eriostemon buxifolius XZieria laevigata X


Cyathochaeta diandra X XGahnia sieberana XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus ericetorum X X

Iridaceae Patersonia glabrata XPatersonia sericea X

Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X XOrchidaceae Galeola cassythoides X

Pterostylis anemonifolius XPoaceae Eragrostis brownii X XRestionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X

Restio fatigiatus X XXanthorrheaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Pioneers Park, Malabar

Site surveyed by NPWS on 22/8/00. 18 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 12characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementAccessFox/rabbit control

Main weed species notedLantana (Lantana camara)Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana)African Love Grass (Eragrostis curvula)


SpeciesDry



SpeciesDry

ESBSApiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X XAsteraceae Helichrysum elatum XDilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens XEpacridaceae Leucopogon ericoides X X

Monotoca elliptica X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- MimosoideaeHaloragaceae Gonocarpus teucrioides X XMyrtaceae Kunzea ambigua X X

Leptospermum trinervium X XPittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum XProteaceae Banksia ericifolia X XRubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XSmilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X XLomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X

Lomandra multiflora XPoaceae Entolasia stricta X


Prince Henry Hospital, Little Bay

Site surveyed by NPWS between July and August 2000. 54 species of plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 33 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFox and rabbit controlDumping of rubbishInappropriate plantings nearby eg Melaleuca quinquenerviaMowing of lawn and ‘tidying’ of the areaAccess

Main weed species notedChrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Lantana camara (Lantana)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)


SpeciesDry

ESBSTransition

zonesApiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X XAizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris microphylla X XEriostemon buxifolius XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X XWoollsia pungens X X

Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X XFabaceae Bossiaea scolopendria X X- Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X

Dillwynia glaberrima XGompholobium glabratum X

Myrtaceae Angophora costata XCalytrix tetragona XCorymbia gummifera X XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca nodosa X XMicromyrtus ciliata X

Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X XPittosporum undulatum X

Proteaceae Banksia ericifolia X XBanksia integrifolia X X



DryESBS

Transitionzones

Proteaceae Conospermum taxifolium X XHakea teretifolia X XPersoonia lanceolata X XPetrophile pulchella X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Boronia rigens XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Cyathochaeta diandra X X

Isolepis nodosa XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus ericetorum X

Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca XLomandra obliqua X

Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XPhormiaceae Dianella caerulea X

Dianella revoluta X XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Entolasia stricta XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XPaspalidium distans XStipa sp. X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Randwick Environment Park, Kingsford


Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementBuilding of ‘cubbies’ by local childrenAltered hydrology and nutrient status (drainage from fill bank, sports fields and residential areas)Flooding of lakeInappropriate plantingsErosion controlDumping of rubbishFox/rabbit controlAccess

Main weed species notedChrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Lantana camara (Lantana)Bryophyllum spp (Mother of Millions)Gazania rigens (Gazania)Acacia salignaEragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta)


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X XGleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia viridis X X


Acacia terminalis ssp. terminalis X XAcacia ulicifolia X X

Fabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Dillwynia glaberrima X

Dillwynia retorta X XGlycine clandestina X

Myrtaceae Corymbia gummifera X XDarwinia fascicularis X XKunzea ambigua X X XLeptospermum laevigtaum X X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Myrtaceae Leptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca armillaris X X

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X XProteaceae Banksia integrifolia X X

Conospermum taxifolium X XHakea teretifolia X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X

Lepidosperma laterale X XLiliaceae Dianella revoluta X XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Eragrostis brownii X XStipa sp. X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X


St. Michaels Golf Course, Little Bay


Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementFill/water/nutrients from tees and greensInappropriate mulching and plantingHerbicide overspray during weed control workTrimming/removal of bushesFox/rabbit controlDumping of green wasteErosion controlAccess

Main weed species notedLantana camara (Lantana)Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Acetosa sagittata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb)Protasparagus aethiopicus (Asparagus Fern)Senna pendula var. glabrata (Cassia)Erythrina x sykessi (Coral Tree)Mixed exotic grasses


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Histiopteris incisa XHypolepis muelleri XPteridium esculentum X X

Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X

Class CycadopsidaFamily Botanical Name ESBS

SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Zamiaceae Macrozamia communis X


SpeciesDry

ESBSMoistESBS

Sub-Class MagnoliidaeAizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens XApiaceae Actinotus helianthi X X

Xanthosia pilosa X XApocynaceae Parsonsia straminea XAsclepiadaceae Marsdenia suaveolens XAsteraceae Helichrysum elatum XCassythaceae Cassytha sp. XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XChloanthaceae Chloanthes stoechadis XDilleniaceae Hibbertia acicularis X

Hibbertia fasciculata X XHibbertia scandens X

Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X XBrachyloma daphnoides X XEpacris microphylla X XLeucopogon ericoides X XMonotoca elliptica X XStyphelia sp. XWoollsia pungens X X

Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada XBreynia oblongifolia XRicinocarpos pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Aotus ericoides X - Faboideae Bossiaea heterophylla X X

Bossiaea scolopendria X XDillwynia sp. XHardenbergia violaceae X XViminaria juncea X

Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X X- Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X


Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta XHaloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus X

Gonocarpus teucrioides X XLauraceae Endiandra sieberi XLobeliaceae Lobelia alata XLoganiaceae Mitrasacme polymorpha XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Baeckea imbricata X XCallistemon citrinus X XCallistemon linearis XCorymbia gummifera X XEucalyptus botryoides XEucalyptus globoidea XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum arachnoides XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum trinervium X XMelaleuca armillaris XMelaleuca nodosa X XMicromyrtus ciliata X

Oleaceae Notelaea longifolia XPittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X

Pittosporum undulatum XProteaceae Banksia aemula X X

Banksia ericifolia X X XBanksia integrifolia X XBanksia oblongifolia XBanksia serrata X XConospermum taxifolium X XHakea dactyloides XHakea teretifolia X X XLambertia formosa X X



DryESBS

MoistESBS

Proteaceae Persoonia lanceolata X XXylomelum pyriforme X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Correa reflexa X

Eriostemon australasius X XEriostemon buxifolius XZieria pilosa X

Sapindaceae Dodonea triquetra XSterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum X

Rulingia hermanniifolia* XThymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X XViolaceae Hybanthus monopetalus XSub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea XCyperaceae Baumea juncea X

Cyperus polystachyos XIsolepis nodosa XLepidosperma laterale X XSchoenus brevifolius X

Dasypogonaceae Lomandra glauca XLomandra longifolia X XLomandra multiflora X

Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XLiliaceae Dianella caerulea X


Orchidaceae Cryptostylis erecta XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Entolasia stricta X XEntolasia marginata XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica XMicrolaena stipoides XPaspalidium distans XStipa sp. XThemeda australis X

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XLeptocarpus tenax X X

Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


The Lakes Golf Course, Eastlakes

Site surveyed by D. Hirschfeld in May 1997. 27 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetationincluding 16 characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed controlFire managementMowing and /or slashingFill/water/nutrients from tees and greensInappropriate mulching and plantingFox/rabbit controlErosion controlAccess

Main weed species notedEragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Lantana camara (Lantana)Erythrina x sykessi (Coral Tree)Acacia salignaMixed exotic grasses


SpeciesDry

ESBSDennestaediaceae Pteridium esculentum X X


SpeciesDry

ESBSSub-Class MagnoliidaeCampanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis XCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X

Allocasuarina littoralis XEpacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X

Monotoca elliptica X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X XFabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - FaboideaeMyrtaceae Callistemon citrinus * X

Eucalyptus sp. * XKunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum laevigtaum X X


Banksia integrifolia * X XBanksia paludosa XLambertia formosa X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Sub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Cyperus polystachyos X

Isolepis nodosa XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X

Lomandra longifolia * X X



DryESBS

Poaceae Entolasia marginata XEragrostis brownii X XImperata cylindrica X

Xanthorrheaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X* Some individuals of these species may have been planted.


Wassell Street, Matraville

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 22/8/2000. 30 native species were noted within ESBS vegetation including 22characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesWeed control and fire managementAccessFox/rabbit controlWater & nutrients from road and houses above the site

Main weed species notedChrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush)Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass)Cynodon dactylon (Couch)Lantana camara (Lantana)


SpeciesDry



SpeciesDry

ESBSCasuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X XDilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens XEpacridaceae Leucopogon ericoides X X

Monotoca elliptica X XEuphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia X

Glochidion ferdinandi XRicinocarpus pinifolius X X

Fabaceae Acacia suaveolens X X- Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X XFabaceae - Faboideae Aotus ericoides XMyrtaceae Angophora costata X

Corymbia gummifera X XEucalyptus piperita XLeptospermum laevigatum X XLeptospermum trinervium X X

Pittosporaceae Billardieria scandens X XPittosporum undulatum X

Proteaceae Banksia aemula X XBanksia ericifolia X XPersoonia lanceolata X X

Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X XRutaceae Eriostemon australasius X XSub-Class LiliidaeCyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X XHaemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X XLomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X XPhormiaceae Dianella revoluta X XPoaceae Entolasia sp. XRestionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X XXanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


York Road, Bondi Junction

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 22/8/00. 31 species of native plants were noted in ESBS vegetation including 19characteristic ESBS species.

Management IssuesFire managementWeed controlOvershading by Radiata PinesSupression of germination by Pine needle mulchInformal access tracks - erosion & damage to plantsDumping of rubbish – litter, building debris etc.

Main weed species notedCynodon dactylon (Couch)Pinus radiata (Radiata Pine)Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta)Protasparagus aethiopicus (Asparagus Fern)Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass)Lantana camara (Lantana)Tradescantia fluminensis (Wandering Jew)Cortaderia selloana (Pampas Grass)Erythrina x sykessi (Coral Tree)Ipomea cairica (Morning Glory)Yucca


SpeciesDry

ESBSAspleniaceae Asplenium flabellifolium XSchizeaeceae Cheilanthes sieberi X


SpeciesDry

ESBSApiaceae Xanthosia tridentata X

Xanthosia pilosa X XEpacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X

Brachyloma daphnoides X XLeucopogon ericoides X XLeucopogon juniperinus XMonotoca elliptica X X

Euphorbiaceae Micrantheum ericoides XFabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X- Faboideae Dillwynia glaberrima X

Dillwynia retorta X XFabaceae Acacia sophorae/longifolia X X- Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X

Acacia ulicifolia X XMyrtaceae Eucalyptus botryoides X

Kunzea ambigua X XLeptospermum laevigatum X X

Proteaceae Banksia integrifolia X XBanksia serrata X XPersoonia lanceolata X X



DryESBS

Sub-Class LiliidaeCommelinaceae Commelina cyanea XCyperaceae Isolepis nodosa XLomandraceae Lomandra glauca X

Lomandra longifolia X XPhormiaceae Dianella revoluta X XPoaceae Dichelachne crinita X X

Eragrostis brownii X XMicrolaena stipoides XStipa sp. X

Species recorded at this site in previous surveys are listed in “York Road Bushland, Queens Park Survey ofRemnant Vegetation & Fauna Habitat on Lots 1 (DP 701512), and 22 and 23 (DP 879582)”. This report wasprepared by Urban Bushland Management Consultants in February 2000 for the Moriah War Memorial Collegeas part of a Development Application to Waverley Council.

Additional species listed in that report but not recorded during the NPWS survey are:

Bossiaea scolopendriaCampylopus introflexusDanthonia sp.Hibbertia scandensMelaleuca armillarisMonotoca scopariaMuellerina celastroidesPanicum similePittosporum undulatumPterostylis sp.Sprengelia sp.Stipa pubescensWahlenbergia gracilis


Appendix 4: Site maps

The following maps of known ESBS sites are provided as a guide for land managers to indicate the presence andapproximate extent of ESBS in October 2002. Any future assessment of potential environmental impacts mustre-survey the relevant area to determine the exact extent of ESBS.


Course

Golf

Australian

Winburn Ave

Day AveTu

nsta

ll A

ve

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Australian Golf Course

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. This map is not guaran teed to be free from erro r or omission. The NSW N ational Parksand W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the informat ion in t he map and any consequenc es of s uch acts or omissions .

N

EW

SCadastreESBS (0.27 ha)

0 5 10 MetresNB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessment


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Banksmeadow Primary School

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaranteed to be free from erro r o r omission. The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the info rmat ion in t he map and any consequenc es o f s uch acts or omissions .

N

EW

S

Banksmeadow

Primary School

Step

hen

Road

0 10 20 Metres

Cadastre

ESBS (0.27 ha)NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessment


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Bonnie Doon Golf Course

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaranteed to be free from erro r o r omission. The NSW N ational Parksand W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the info rmat ion in t he map and any consequenc es o f s uch acts or omissions

N

EW

SESBS (2.50 ha)Cadastre

Heffron Rd

Wentworth Ave

Bonnie

Doon

Golf

Course

Mutch

Park

Doon

Bonnie

Course

Golf

0 50 100 Metres

(see Botany Wetlands Map 3)

NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessment


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Botany Wetlands Map 1

Copyr ight NSW Nat ional Parks and Wildlif e Serv ice August 2001. This map is not guaranteed to be freefrom erro r o r omission. The N SW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claim liability

for any act done on the in fo rmation in t he map and any c onsequences of s uch ac ts o r omissions.

N

EW

S

WetlandESBS (2.17 ha)

Sout

hern

Cro

ss D

ve

Pond 4 - 5

Pond 6

0 50 100 Metres

The

Lake

sG

olf

Cour

se

Eas

tlake

Gol

f

Cou

rse

(see Botany Wetlands Map 2)



Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):

Botany Wetlands- Map 2

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences o f s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

WetlandESBS (4.00 ha)CadastrePond 3A

Pond 3

Sout

hern

Cro

ss D

rive

Wentworth Ave

0 25 50 75 100 Metres

Eastlake Golf Course


The Lakes Golf Course



Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences o f s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

S

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS):

Botany Wetlands- Map 3

Wentworth Ave

The Lakes Golf Course


Pond 1

Pond 1A

0 25 50 75 MetresSouthern Cross Drive

WetlandESBS (1.15 ha)


Cadastre


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Bunnerong Rd, Chifley

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2003 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

S

Wassell St.

Bunnerong Rd

Military

Rd

Cadastre

ESBS (1.79 ha)

0 20 40 Metres



N

EW

S

Copyright NSW National Parks and Wildli fe Serv ice August 2003. This map is not guaranteed to be freefrom error or omission. The NSW National Parks and W ildli fe Service and i ts employees disclaim liabi lity for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences of such acts or omiss ions

Eastern Suburbs Banskia Scrub (ESBS): Bunnerong Substation, Matraville

Bunnerong Substation

Bunnerong Substation

Military

Road

0 20 40 Metres

ESBS (1.54 ha)NB This map is indicative only and is not

intended for fine scale assessment


EasternSuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):Centennial Park- North

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

Grand Drive

Dickens Drive

Par kes D

ri ve

Loch

Ave

CENTENNIAL PARK

BusbysPond Lily Pond

RandwickPond Duck Pond

Willow Pond

Fly Casting

Pond

ModelYachtPond

0 50 100 Metres

ESBS (0.76 ha)

Cadastre

Wetland

see York Road

map



Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):Centennial Park- South

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

S

Grand Drive

Alison Rd

Children'sCycleway

Kensington Pond

Kensington Pond

ESBS (0.27 ha)

Cadastre

Wetland

CENTENNIAL PARK

0 25 50 Metres



Jenn

i fer S

t

Botany Bay

National Park

(Jennifer St

Bushland)

Botany

Telstra

Golf Driving Range

Botany

Bay

National

ParkBay

National

Park


Jennifer St


N

EW

S

0 50 100 Metres

ESBS (7.06 ha)

Cadastre


(see Little Bay - South map)



La Perouse - East

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

Botany Bay National Park

NSW Golf Course

(see Little Bay - South map)

0 50 100 Metres

OceanESBS (19.30 ha)Cadastre

Pacific Ocean

N.B. This map is indicative only and is not intended for for fine scale assessment

LakePerrie

BotanyBayNationalPark


Quadraplegic Association of Australia

Field

Sports

Prince Henry Hospital

Jenn

ifer S

t

Anza

c Pd

e

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Little Bay - North

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW National Park s and W ildlife Service and its employees disclaim liabilit y for any act done on the info rmat ion in t he map and any consequences of suc h acts or omiss ions

N

EW

S

0 25 50 MetresCadastre



0 20 40 60 80 Metres

Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):

Little Bay - South

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

ESBS (6.86 ha)Cadastre

St Michael'sGolf Course

(see La Perouse - East map)

Botany BayNational Park

(see La Perouse - East map)

St Michael'sGolf Course



0 50 100 150 Metres

N

EW

S

Malabar SewageTreatment Works

Pacific Ocean

Long Bay

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Malabar Headland - East

Copyr igh t NSW National Parks and Wild life Service August 2001. This map is not guarant eed to be f ree from erro r or omission. The N SW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claim liability

f or any act done on the inf ormation in the map and any consequences of such act s or omis sions

2020

30

10

40

NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessmentWaterbody

ESBS (17.43 ha)Contours


Anz

ac P

de

Pioneers

Park

Rifle

Range

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) Critical Habitat: Malabar Headland - West

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. This map is no t guaranteed to be free from error or omis sion . The NSW National Park s and Wild life Serv ice and it s employees disc laim liability f or any

ac t done on t he information in the map and any consequenc es of suc h acts or omiss ions

Broome St

0 50 100 Metres

N

EW

SCadastre

ESBS (5.45 ha)

40

3020




N

EW

SVanny Pl

Am

our A

v e

Storey St

Maroubra Reservoir

Fowle r S

t


Maroubra Reservoir

0 10 20 30 Metres

ESBS (0.06 ha)

NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for

fine scale assessment


0 50 100 Metres

Military Reserve

PacificOcean

N

EW

S

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaranteed to be freefrom erro r o r omission. The N SW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claim liabilit y fo r any ac t done on t he info rmation in the map and any consequenc es of suc h acts or omiss ions


North Head

Waterbody

Cadastre

ESBS (68.85 ha)

Sydney Harbour National Park



WETLAND

Argyle

Bundock St

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Randwick Environment Park

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servi ce August 2003. This map is not guaranteed to be free from error or omi ssion. The NSW National Parks and Wil dlife Service and its employees disclaim l iability for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences of such acts or missi ons

N

EW

S

Cresc

0 25 50 MetresWetlandCadastreESBS (3.6 ha)



Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): York Road

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaran teed to be freefrom erro r o r omission. The N SW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claimliabilit y fo r any ac t done on t he info rmation in the map and any consequenc es of suc h acts or omiss ions

N

EW

S

Moriah College

Centennial Park

York Road

0 10 20 Metres

Yo r

k R

o ad

Cadastre



Appendix 5: Summary of advice from the NSW Scientific Committee

Under Section 66A of the TSC Act (1995), recovery plans must include a summary of any advice given by theNSW Scientific Committee, details of any amendments made to the plan to take account of that advice and astatement of reasons for any departure from that advice. The Scientific Committee’s comments on the draftEastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Recovery Plan and details of the amendments made are tabled below.

Section Advice Response9.2 Delete ‘viable’. Given that less than 3% on the

original area remains and that because ofadjacent development we are unlikely to be ableto increase the area of the community, ourobjective should be to maintain all remnants insitu.

Amended

9.2.1 A recommendation for critical habitat should beprepared concurrently for the Commonwealthland under the EPBC Act. This should be donein the same time frame as for the TSC Act i.e.within a Year 1 of the Recovery Plan.

Amended

9.5.1 Research priorities need to be better defined. Amended

43 Bridge StreetHurstville 2220(02) 9585 6444

eastern suburbs banksia scrub endangered ecological … · eastern suburbs banksia scrub (esbs) is...

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