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Warm-up #5.2 (3.2&7.2) – While we wait to take the notes, work on the next crossword

5. Who founded Buddhism?

6. Buddhists believe that to achieve enlightenment, one must follow the _____ _____ path.

7. The four noble truths of Buddhism all deal with the concept of _______

8. The Buddhist version of moksha is _______

5. Siddhartha Gautama

6. Eight-fold

7. Suffering

8. Nirvana

Section 4 - Origins of Judaism

History Comes from the Torah (or

Pentateuch) first 5 books of the Old

Testament God chooses Abraham to be

the “father” of the Hebrews Promised him and his family

land that would be blessed. (covenant – a promise between God and man)

Abraham’s family wondered for many years to find that land

First major monotheistic (belief in one god) religion in world history

Moses and the Exodus

Hebrews went to Egypt because of drought/famineEventually forced into

slavery Fled Egypt around

1200 BC – led by Moses (Exodus / Passover)Moses (a Hebrew) was

raised by an Egyptian princess

Development After they left Egypt,

God gives Moses the 10 Commandments Became the basic for

religious and civil laws Introduced ethical

monotheism Taught that right

conduct and worship of one god go hand in hand

Israel Around 1000 BC, Hebrews

were at their strongest ever, led by Saul, David, and Solomon Saul and David expand and

unite the people Solomon creates the

Kingdom Capital city was Jerusalem Solomon’s projects

eventually cost so much that people revolted, splitting the Kingdom

Babylonian Captivity 738 BC – Both

Kingdoms begin paying tribute to Assyria

Babylon and Assyria take turns destroying Israel

Hebrews forced to go to Babylon in 586 BC

50 years later, Babylon is defeated and the Hebrews return to Jerusalem to rebuild

Persian Legacy to Religion

Persian Legacy Religion: Zoroaster (600

BC) taught people that the earth is a battleground between good and evil that everybody fights in Birth of the idea of Satan

and angels Considered the origin of

the 3 major monotheistic religions

Politics: Brought social order to the Middle East Preserved cultures, ideas

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Begin working on Judaism and Christianity Crossword

Warm-up #5.3 (3.4) – Due Today

9. What is the holy book of Judaism?

10. _____ is the “father” of the Hebrew people.

11. Judaism is significant because it is the first _______ religion.

12. Zoroaster introduced the concept of ______ vs ______ and earth as the battleground

9. Torah

10. Abraham

11. Monotheistic

12. Good; evil

CHAPTER 6 –EARLY CHRISTIANITY

The Life of Jesus Around 6-4 BC,

Jesus was born in northern Judea (just south of Jerusalem)Raised Jewish

Began his ministry at age 30personal relationship

to GodLoving everyone

Growth of the Movement Most of the

information about the teachings of Jesus are the four GospelsFirst four books of the

New Testament

Death and Beginning Around 29 AD, Jesus went

to Jerusalem, capital of Judaea

The Roman governor declared Jesus to be defying the authority of Rome because people were calling him king (“Messiah”) Punishment: crucifixion

According to Christianity, Jesus was resurrected from the grave (tomb) Followers/believers of Jesus

became Christians

Spread of Christianity Originated as a branch

of Judaism Slowly started

incorporating new ideas based more on his messages appealed to the poor

and oppressed because it completely ignored wealth/status

Very steady growth across the Roman Empire

Rebellion and Persecution

In 70 AD, the Jews in Judea revolted against the Romans In 132 AD, the Romans won once

and for all and dispersed all of the Jews out of Judea (“Diaspora”)

Christians persecutions increased at the time as well. Roman leaders left them alone but

people distrusted them and demanded action

Would not worship Roman deities (gods)

Crucified, burned, or used to entertain in the arenas○ To hide from persecution, Christians

worshipped in homes and catacombs

More Popularity Widespread Appeal:

Embraced all (men/women, rich/poor)

Promised eternal life after death

Rome’s roads allowed for ideas to spread easily

In 313 AD, Emperor Constantine became the first Christian Emperor Became the official

religion of Rome in 380

Divisions Initial structure had

a hierarchy with the pope at the top, located in Rome

Growth brought disagreements that resulted in the Nicene Creed (325)Defined the basic

beliefs of the Church

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