earthquakes and seismotectonics of taiwan: an overview yi-ben tsai geosciences department, pacific...
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Earthquakes and Seismotectonics of Taiwan: An Overview
Yi-Ben TsaiGeosciences Department, Pacific Gas and Electric Company,
San Francisco, USA
September 22, 2009
The Next Generation of Research on Earthquake-induced Landslides: An International Conference in Commemoration of 10th Anniversary of the Chi-Chi Earthquake, 2009
http://www.ncor.ntu.edu.tw/ODBS/depth/taidbmv6/2dshad/2dshad.html
Seismicity of Taiwan, 1990-2008(USGS)
(CWB)
(Wu et al., 2007)
Three-dimensional view of the relocated seismicity of Taiwan (1991-2005)
(Chang, 2000)
GPS velocity field and strain rate (1993-1999)▼ Dilatation and principal strain rate axes ▼ Interseismic velocity relative to S01R
(Yu et al., 2003)
1991.01.01-1999.9.21: 107 1999.9.21-2001.12.31: 401
(Chiang, 2005)
Active faults in Taiwan
Davidson (1903)
(Chen and Tsai, 2008)
Damaging earthquakes in Taiwan (1901-2000)
(http://www.cwb.gov.tw/)
(3276)
(2535)
(1275)
(106)
(355)
Area Total households Collapsed households Collapse rate
Fault zone 1,743 1,084 62.192%
East of fault zone 1,040 803 77.212%
West of fault zone 1,092 891 81.593%
Over all 3,875 2,778 71.690%
1935 Shih-tan fault
Area Population Death toll Fatality rate
Fault zone 10,380 196 1.888%
East of fault zone 6,146 28 0.456%
West of fault zone 8,149 124 1.522%
Over all 24,675 348 1.410%
1935 Shih-tan fault
Area Total households Collapsed households Collapse rate
Fault zone 3,220 1,889 58.665%
South of fault zone 1,094 505 46.161%
North of fault zone 5,814 1,655 28.466%
Over all 10,128 4,049 39.978%
1935 Tun-tze-chiao fault
1935 Tun-tze-chiao fault
Area Population Death toll Fatality rate
Fault zone 22,075 1,292 5.853%
South of fault zone 7,694 140 1.820%
North of fault zone 38,589 402 1.042%
Over all 68,358 1,834 2.682%
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Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the Figure 1. Contours of horizontal peak ground acceleration in gals and the number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or city due to the Chi-Chi, Taiwan number of fatality in each county or 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earthquake of September 21,1999. earthquake of September 21,1999.
Chelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu faultChelungpu fault
E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°E122.05°
E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°E119.36°
N25.41°
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N21.78°
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Iso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in galsIso-seismic intensity in gals
County boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundariesCounty boundaries
Number of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatalityNumber of fatality88888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888
PGA(gal)
(Ouchi et al., 2001)
Collapsed unreinforced houses
Area Total households Collapsed households Collapse rate
Fault zone 59,971 8,719 14.539%
East of fault zone 28,124 8,271 29.409%
West of fault zone 85,830 8,348 9.726%
Over all 173,925 25,338 14.568%
Area Population Death toll Fatality rate
Fault zone 226,227 543 0.240%
East of fault zone 102,203 565 0.553%
West of fault zone 307,120 333 0.108%
Over all 635,550 1,441 0.227%
Seismic Zoning Map (1974) Seismic Zoning Map (1982)
(Lee et al., 2001)
CHY080
1 10 100 1000
C losest d istance to rupture surface (km )
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Hor
izon
tal P
eak
Gro
und
Acc
eler
atio
n (g
)
Cam pbell fo rm for PG A
STD
Site c lass-B
S ite c lass-C
S ite c lass-D
S ite c lass-E
ILA
TAP
HW A
upper s ta tions
M ultip ly by 0.55C am pbell form (1997)
C H I-C H I Earthquake M w 7.6
1 10 100 1000
C losest d istance to rup ture surface (km )
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
Ve
rtic
al P
eak
Gro
und
Acc
eler
atio
n (
g)
C am pbell fo rm for PG A
STD
Site c lass-B
S ite c lass-C
S ite c lass-D
S ite c lass-E
ILA
TA P
H W A
upper s ta tions
M ultip ly by 0.40
C am pbell form (1997)
C H I-C H I Earthquake M w 7.6
1 10 100 1000
C losest d istance to rupture surface (km )
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Hor
izon
tal P
eak
Gro
und
Vel
ocity
(cm
/sec
)
C am pbell form for PG V
STD
S ite class-B
S ite class-C
S ite class-D
S ite class-E
ILA
TAP
H W A
upper stations
M ultip ly by 2.18C am pbell form (1997)
C H I-C H I Earthquake M w 7.6
1 10 100 1000
C losest d istance to rupture surface (km )
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Ver
tical
Pea
k G
roun
d V
eloc
ity (
cm/s
ec)
C am pbell fo rm for PG V
STD
Site c lass-B
S ite c lass-C
S ite c lass-D
S ite c lass-E
ILA
TAP
H W A
upper s tations
M ultip ly by 2.40C am pbell form (1997)
C H I-C H I Earthquake M w 7.6
Chiou and Youngs (2008)
0 . 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0Distance (km )
4
5
6
7
8
Mag
nit
ud
e
Previous Data
0 . 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0Distance (km )
4
5
6
7
8
Mag
nit
ud
e
New Data
Attenuation Relationships for subduction zone earthqukes
Lin (2009)
Different focal mechanisms Different Vs30’s
New Generation of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Maps for Taiwan:California as an Example
New Generation of Attenuation Relationships
+
Thank you for your attention
中央地質調查所資料
車籠埔斷層逆衝造成的破壞:豐原中正公園附近樓房傾斜
Collapse rate
Death rate
(內政部, 1997) (國家地震工程研究中心, 1999)
Seismic Zoning Map (1997) Seismic Zoning Map (1999)