Earth, Moon, and Sun

CHAPTER

the BIG ideathe BIG idea

CHAPTER OUTLINE

Earth and the Moon move in predictable ways as they orbit the Sun.

Earth rotates on a tilted axis and orbits the Sun.2.12.1

The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.2.22.2

Positions of the Sun and Moon affect Earth.2.32.3

NEW CHAPTER

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

Earth rotates on a tilted axis and orbits the Sun.

2.12.1

SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE

revolution

axis of rotation

Earth’s rotation in sunlight causes day and night.

The changing angles of sunlight on Earth cause seasons.

season

equinox

solstice

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

mare

The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.2.22.2

SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

The Moon’s near side always faces Earth.

Dark-colored maria formed from

lava-filled craters.

Light-colored highlands are old and cratered.

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

mare

The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.2.22.2

SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

The Moon’s near side always faces Earth.

The Moon has layers.

core

mantle

crust

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

Positions of the Sun and Moon affect Earth.2.32.3

SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

Lunar phases are different views of the Moon’s sunlit half.

Moon

Earth

umbra

eclipse

penumbra

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

Positions of the Sun and Moon affect Earth.2.32.3

SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

Lunar phases are different views of the Moon’s sunlit half.

Shadows cause eclipses.

umbra

penumbra

umbra

eclipse

penumbra

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

Positions of the Sun and Moon affect Earth.2.32.3

SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE

Lunar phases are different views of the Moon’s sunlit half.

Shadows cause eclipses. umbra

eclipse

penumbraThe Moon’s gravity causes tides as Earth turns.

Moon

low tide

High tide

rotation of Earth

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

I. Earth rotates on a tilted axis and orbits the Sun.

A. Earth’s rotation causes day and night.

3. Lengths of Days

2.12.1

KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY

Earth rotates on a tilted axis and orbits the Sun.

B. Earth’s tilted axis and orbit cause seasons.

1. Seasonal Patterns

2. Angles of Sunlight

revolution

axis of rotation

season

equinox

solstice

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

2.22.2

KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY

The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.

II. The Moon is Earth’s natural satellite.

A. The Moon rotates as it orbits Earth.

B. The Moon’s craters show its history.

1. Craters and Maria

2. Moon Rocks

C. The Moon has layers.

1. Structure

mare

2. Formation

VOCABULARY

KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

III. Positions of the Sun and Moon affect Earth.

A. Phases are different views of the Moon’s sunlit

half.

3. Crescent and Gibbous Moons

B. Shadows in space cause eclipses.

1. Waxing Moon

2.32.3

KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY

Positions of the Sun and Moon affect Earth.

2. Waning Moon

umbra

eclipse

penumbra

1. Lunar Eclipses

2. Solar Eclipses

C. The Moon’s gravity causes tides on Earth.