NATIONAL AND REGIONAL GROWTH

Early Industries and Inventions

The Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution- the economic changes of the late 1700s, when manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work.

Factories Rise in New England

Samuel Slater- builder of the first water powered textile mill in America

Factory system- method of production using many workers and machines in one building

The Lowell Mills Hire WomenLowell Mills- textile mills located in the factory town of Lowell, Massachusetts.

New Manufacturing Methods Spread Interchangeable parts- speed up

production, made repairs easy, and was easier to produce by less skilled workers.

New Inventions Improve Life- Transportation and Communication Robert Fulton- inventor of

America’s first widely successful steamboat

Transportation and Communication Continued: Peter Cooper- builder of

America’s first successful steam-powered locomotive

Transportation and Communication Continued: Samuel F.B. Morse- inventor of

the telegraph

Technology Improves Farming Threshing machine- a device that separates kernels of wheat from their husks

Mechanical reaper- a device that cuts grains

How did the War of 1812 cause economic changes in the United States?

How did interchangeable parts transform the manufacturing process?

PLANTATIONS AND SLAVERY SPREAD

The Cotton Boom Cotton gin- machine that made

cleaning seeds from cotton faster Eli Whitney- inventor of the cotton

gin

Southern Support for Slavery

African Americans in the South

Slave Rebellions

Nat Turner- leader of an 1831 slave rebellion in Virginia

A Common Culture

Spirituals- religious folk songs

Religion was a cornerstone of African American culture in the South.

How did the rise in cotton production affect slavery?

What was family life like for enslaved people?

NATIONALISM AND SECTIONALISM

The American System Henry Clay- nationalist

Representative from Kentucky

American System- plan introduced in 1815 to make American economically self-sufficient

Protective tariff- a tax on imported goods, that protects a nation’s businesses from foreign competition

The Era of Good Feelings

James Monroe- fifth president of the United States, who proclaimed the Monroe Doctrine

Transportation Links Cites Erie Canal- waterway that

connected New York City with Buffalo, New York

Sectional Interests Sectionalism- loyalty to the

interests of one’s own region or section of the country

The Missouri Compromise Missouri Compromise- laws

enacted in 1820 to maintain balance of power between slave and free states.

Settling Boundary Issues

Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817 limited each sides naval forces on the Great Lakes.

49th parallel as the U.S. and Canada border

The Monroe Doctrine

Monroe Doctrine- U.S. policy opposing European interference in the Western Hemisphere

How did the Erie Canal help the nation to grow?

How did the Missouri Compromise attempt to resolve a conflict between the North and the South?