What to Know Terms

Monotheism Polytheism Karma Moksha Dharma Caste System Reincarnation Diaspora Apostle

Concepts Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path Five Pillars Sunni Islam Shi’a Islam

• People• Jesus• Moses• Abraham• Muhammed• Siddhartha

Gautama, Buddha• Asoka • Allah• Yaweh

• Places• Mecca• Medina• Jerusalem• Israel• Palestine• India• Babylon• Dome of the Rock

• Texts/Writings• 10 Commandments• New Testament• Torah• Koran (Quran)• Vedas• Upanishads

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Where are the Religions?

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Judaism Early History ~1950 BC, Abraham’s

Covenant Travel to Canaan then to

Egypt Slavery in Egypt Moses & the Exodus Moses on Mt. Sinai

The 10 Commandments (p. 32)

The Torah Pentateuch

Old Testament Abraham’s History

Mishnah Writings of the Prophets

Talmud Other Writings of the Jewish

Tradition

Abraham & Isaac

Moses & the 10 Commandments

Torah

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Settlement and Diaspora Settlement in Palestine

1250 BC – 1050 BC Worship of Yahweh

Ethical Monotheism: God’s Laws are our Laws

Jerusalem: The Holy City

586 BC: Solomon’s Temple Destroyed

Diaspora Deported to Babylon 2nd Temple destroyed

in 70 AD Rabbi’s (Teachers)

carry the faith throughout the world

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Jerusalem by Matisyahu[Chorus]

Jerusalem, if I forget you,fire not gonna come from me tongue.

Jerusalem, if I forget you,let my right hand forget what it's

supposed to do.

In the ancient days, we will return with no delay

Picking up the bounty and the spoils on our way

We've been traveling from state to stateAnd them don't understand what they say

3,000 years with no place to beAnd they want me to give up my milk and

honeyDon't you see, it's not about the land or the

seaNot the country but the dwelling of his

majesty

Chorus

Rebuild the temple and the crown of gloryYears gone by, about sixty

Burn in the oven in this centuryAnd the gas tried to choke, but it couldn't choke me

I will not lie down, I will not fall asleepThey come overseas, yes they're trying to be free

Erase the demons out of our memoryChange your name and your identity

Afraid of the truth and our dark historyWhy is everybody always chasing weCut off the roots of your family tree

Don't you know that's not the way to be

ChorusCaught up in these ways, and the worlds gone craze

Don't you know it's just a phaseCase of the Simon says

If I forget the truth then my words won't penetrateBabylon burning in the place, can't see through the

hazeChop down all of them dirty ways,

That's the price that you pay for selling lies to the youth

No way, not ok, oh no way, not ok, heyAint no one gonna break my strideAint no one gonna pull me downOh no, I got to keep on moving

Stay alive

http://youtu.be/H8ULIw0Zgaw

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Beliefs and Customs “I keep the lord always before

me.” All of life is and act of worship

Religious Customs Prayer 3 x a day Worship on the Sabbath day

Saturday Whole Torah (Pentateuch) is

read each year Diet

Food must be Kosher Holy Days & Festivals

Passover (spring) Shabouth (fall) Rosh Hashanah

Yom Kippur, the day of Atonement

Hannukkah (Winter) Purim (March)

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The Nicene

Creed We believe in one God,the Father, the Almighty,maker of heaven and earth,of all that is, seen and unseen.

We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ,the only son of God,eternally begotten of the Father,God from God, Light from Light,true God from true God,begotten, not made,of one being with the Father.Through him all things were made.For us and for our salvationhe came down from heaven:by the power of the Holy Spirithe became incarnate from the Virgin Mary,and was made man.

• For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate;he suffered death and was buried.On the third day he rose againin accordance with the Scriptures;he ascended into heavenand is seated at the right hand of the Father.He will come again in gloryto judge the living and the dead,and his kingdom will have no end.

• We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,who proceeds from the Father [and the Son].With the Father and the Sonhe is worshipped and glorified.He has spoken through the Prophets.We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.We look for the resurrection of the dead,and the life of the world to come. AMEN.

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Basic Christianity History 2000 yrs ago The Apostles Christ’s Death Council of Nicaea, 325

Texts The New Testament

Beliefs The Holy Trinity Immaculate Conception The Afterlife

Customs & Holidays Weekly Worship Holy Week

Palm Sunday Maundy Thursday Good Friday Easter

Christmas

Icon depicting the First Council of Nicaea

Christ on the Cross, Velazquez

The Holy Trinity, Albrecht Duerer

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Judaism Christianity Islam

1.      Book 

1. Book 1. Book

2.      Founder 

2. Founder 2. Founder

3.      Belief 

3. Belief 3. Belief 

4.      Holy Places 

4. Establishment of Doctrine/Beliefs

4. Holy Places

5.      Location 

5. Location 5. Location

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Islam: The 5 Pillars1. Faith

There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger

2. Prayer (Salat) 5 x daily

3. Charity (Zakat) All Things belong to

God so we should donate to the Needy

4. Fast During Ramadan,

form sun up to sundown.

5. Pilgrimage (Hajj) Once in a lifetime trip

to Mecca and the Ka’ba 11

Hinduism Buddhism

Number of gods 

1. Location

•Goal 

2. Goal

•Belief 

3. Belief

Class system 

4. Founder

Reincarnation based on 

5. Path to Nirvana

•Location 

6. Asoka

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Hinduism 4000 – 2500 BCE

Aryan Peoples Oral Tradition

Vedas & Upanishads

Aryan Caste System Brahmins: Priests Ksatriyas: Warriors &

Rulers Vaisyas: Merchants,

Farmers, Artisans Sudras: Manual Laborers Untouchables: Dirty Work

Hindu Beliefs: Hamster Wheel Brahman Atman Reincarnation Karma Moksha

Hindu Gods: Many Forms of One God

Brahma: The Creator

Siva: The Destroyer Vishnu: The Preserver13

Buddhism Siddartha Gautama, 560-490 BCE

The Buddha: The Enlightened One

Buddhist Beliefs No Real Gods or Deities Goal: Nirvana not Brahma

Four Noble Truths1. Life is Suffering2. Suffering is caused by desire &

resistance to change3. We can end suffering by ending

desire4. We can end desire and suffering by

following the eightfold path

Eight Fold Path1. Right Understanding2. Right Thought3. Right Speech4. Right Action5. Right Livelihood6. Right Effort7. Right Mindfulness 8. Right Concentration

Asoka: 273-232 BC14

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BREAK!

Christianity

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-Early on in Pax Romana, a new religion, Christianity emerged in a distant corner of the Empire-Many different religions in the empire-By 63 B.C., Romans had conquered Judea where most Jewish people lived.

Christianity

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-Romans allowed Jewish people to worship their one god

-Many Jews reluctantly lived under Roman rule, however, some wanted a revolt against Rome and believed a messiah would come to lead their people to freedom

Jesus

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-Born in 4 B.C. in Bethlehem -worshipped God and followed Jewish law-at 30 began preaching to villagers, used parables-short stories with simple moral lessons to communicate his ideas-Recruited 12 disciples to help him spread his ideas, called apostles, in Jerusalem-Some Jews in Jerusalem welcomed Jesus, many of the priests felt he threatened their leadership-Roman authorities felt Jesus would lead the Jews in a revolt against their rule

Christianity Spreads

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-Followers called Christians-Disciples preach the messages of Christianity throughout the Roman world-Peter established Christianity in Rome itself-Paul played the most influential role in spreading Christianity

Christianity Spreads

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He spread Christianity throughout the Mediterranean

-His letters became part of the New Testament in the Bible

Christians Oppressed

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-Romans were not tolerant towards Christians because:

-they refused to honor the emperor with sacrifices-they refused to worship Roman gods to

protect the state-Christians were used as scapegoats, blamed for social and economic problems-Many Christians became martyrs- or people who suffer or die for their beliefs-However, Christianity continued to spread due to the fact that all people were welcome

Early Christian Church

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-Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in A.D. 313.

-The Edict granted freedom of worship to all citizens of the Roman empire

-By the end of the century, Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the official religion of the Roman empire

Structure of the Church

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The Christian Clergy

Bishop Bishop Bishop

Pope/Patriarch

DiocesePriest+

Community

DiocesePriest+

Community

DiocesePriest+

Community