Unit 50 Towns

• A. City and town

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The words, c__________ and t________, are

sometimes used interchangeably but a

__________ is generally large with a wider

range of facilities.

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The words, city and town, are sometimes used

interchangeably but a city is generally large

with a wider range of facilities.

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This is a description of Cork, one of Ireland’s

main cities. Which words or phrases might be

useful for describing your own or another town?

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Cork c__________ is the major

metr__________ of the south, indeed with a

p__________ of about 135,000 it is the second

l__________ in the Republic.

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Cork city is the major metropolis of the south,

indeed with a population of about 135,000 it is

the second largest in the Republic.

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The m__________ business and sh__________

c__________ of the town lies on the island

created by two channels of the R__________

Lee, with most places within w__________

d__________ of the centre.

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The main business and shopping centre of the

town lies on the island created by two channels

of the River Lee, with most places within

walking distance of the centre.

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• The b__________ tend to be

overcr__________ and the __________ - way

tr__________ system is fiendishly*

complicated.

/ f̍i n̍.dɪʃ.li/ (adv informal; syn. : extremely : fiendishly

difficult)

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The buses tend to be overcrowded and the one -

way traffic system is fiendishly* complicated.

/ f̍i n̍.dɪʃ.li/ (adv informal; syn. : extremely :

fiendishly difficult)

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In the h__________ a__________ of the city is

the famous Shandon Steeple, the b__________ -

tower of St Anne’s Ch__________, built on the

s_________ of a church destr__________ when

the city was besieged by the Duke of

Marlborough.

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In the hilly area of the city is the famous

Shandon Steeple, the bell - tower of St Anne’s

Church, built on the site of a church destroyed

when the city was besieged by the Duke of

Marlborough.

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Back across the River Lee lies the city’s

cath__________, an i__________sing 19th

century building in the French Go__________

style.

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Back across the River Lee lies the city’s

cathedral, an imposing 19th century building in

the French Gothic style.

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Cork has two m__________. Neither caters

specifically for tou__________ but those who

enjoy the atmosphere of a real working

m__________ will appreciate their

char__________.

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Cork has two markets. Neither caters

specifically for tourists but those who enjoy the

atmosphere of a real working market will

appreciate their charm.

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The Crawford A__________ G__________ is

w__________ w__________ a visit.

It regularly mounts adventurous

e__________ by con_________ a__________.

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The Crawford Art Gallery is well worth a

visit.

It regularly mounts adventurous exhibitions

by contemporay artists.

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The fash__________ res__________ districts

of Cork city overl__________ the

har__________.

There are other res__________ ar__________

on the outs__________.

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The fashionable residential districts of Cork

city overlook the harbour.

There are other residential areas on the

outskirts.

• B. Facilities

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Sports :

sw__________ p__________

sp__________ centre

golf c__________

tennis c__________

football p__________

skating r__________

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Sports :

swimming pool

sports centre

golf course

tennis courts

football pitch

skating rink

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Cultural :

th__________

o__________ house

co__________ h__________

radio s__________

a__________ g__________

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Cultural :

theatre

opera house

concert hall

radio station

art gallery

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Educational :

school

coll__________

university

li__________

a__________ e__________ centre

mus__________

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Educational :

school

college

university

library

adult education centre

museum

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Catering, accommodation and night - life :

restaurant

nightcl__________

take - __________

B & __________ (b__________ and

b__________)

y__________ h__________

dis___________

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Catering, accommodation and night - life :

restaurant

nightclub

take - away

B &B (bed and breakfast)

youth hostel

disco

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Catering, accommodation and night - life :

est__________ ag__________

hous__________ est__________

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Catering, accommodation and night - life :

estate agency

housing estate

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Transport :

bus s__________

taxi r__________

car h__________

car p__________

p__________ meters

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Transport :

bus service

taxi rank

car hire

car park

parking meters

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Other :

h__________ centre

l__________ courts

reg__________ office

c__________’ advice bureau

j__________ centre

b__________ bank

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Other :

health centre

law courts

registry office

citizens’ advice bureau

job centre

bottle bank

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Other :

d __________ store

che__________’s

ga__________ centre

police __________

Town or City __________

sub__________s

industrial e__________

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Other :

department store

chemist’s

garden centre

police station

Town or City Hall

suburbs

industrial estate

C. Typical problems of large cities now

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problem :

tr__________ j__________

effect :

tr__________ very slow

co__________ get very stressed

cause :

too much tr__________ especially in the

r__________ - hour

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problem :

traffic jams

effect :

traffic very slow

commuters get very stressed

cause :

too much traffic especially in the rush - hour

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problem :

sl__________

effect :

h__________ in a bad condition

cause :

p__________ - people don’t have money to

spend on housing

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problem :

slums

effect :

housing in a bad condition

cause :

poverty - people don’t have money to spend on

housing

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problem :

vand__________

effect :

pointless destruction of pr_________

cause :

pov__________ , lack of hope

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problem :

vandalism

effect :

pointless destruction of property

cause :

poverty, lack of hope

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problem :

overcr__________

effect :

difficult l_________ conditions

cause :

too m__________ people living in one place

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problem :

overcrowding

effect :

difficult living conditions

cause :

too many people living in one place

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problem :

pol__________

effect :

deterio__________ in h__________

cause :

traffic and industrial

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problem :

pollution

effect :

deterioration in health

cause :

traffic and industrial

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problem :

cr__________

effect :

See Unit 61

cause :

po__________, ineq_________

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problem :

crime

effect :

See Unit 61

cause :

poverty , inequality

• D. Useful adjectives for describing towns

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• pict__________ (adj. especially of a place, attractive in

appearance, especially in an old-fashioned way : the

pict__________ narrow streets of the old city)

• histo_________ (adj important or likely to be important in

history : histo__________ buildings)

• spac__________ (adj approving large and with a lot of

space : a spac__________ house/living room; spac_____

accommodation)

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• picturesque / p̍ɪk.tʃərˈesk/ (adj. especially of a place,

attractive in appearance, especially in an old-fashioned way : the

picturesque narrow streets of the old city)

• historic /hɪˈstɒr.ɪk/ (adj important or likely to be important

in history : historic buildings)

• spacious / s̍peɪ.ʃəs/ (adj approving large and with a lot of

space : a spacious house/living room; spacious accommodation)

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• eleg__________ (adj. graceful and attractive in

appearance or behaviour : an eleg__________ woman; an

eleg__________ dining room)

• magn__________ (adj very good, beautiful or deserving

to be admired : a magn__________ view)

• atmosph__________ (adj. MOOD approving creating a

special feeling, such as mystery or romance : atmosph__________

lighting/music; I quite like fog because it's atmosph__________

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• elegant / e̍l.ɪ.gənt/ (adj. graceful and attractive in

appearance or behaviour : an elegant woman; an elegant dining

room)

• magnificent /mægˈnɪf.ɪ.sənt/ (adj very good, beautiful

or deserving to be admired : a magnificent view)

• atmospheric/æt.məs f̍er.ɪk/ (adj. MOOD approving

creating a special feeling, such as mystery or romance : atmospheric

lighting/music; I quite like fog because it's atmospheric.)

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• qua__________ (adj. attractive because of being unusual

and especially old-fashioned : a qua__________ old cottage)

• li__________ (adj. having or showing a lot of energy and

enthusiasm, or showing interesting and exciting thought ; a

li__________ city)

• hec__________ (adj full of activity; very busy and fast : a

hectic schedule; The area has become a haven for people tired of the

hectic pace of city life.)

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• quaint /kweɪnt/ (adj. attractive because of being unusual and

especially old-fashioned : a quaint old cottage)

• lively / ˈ laɪv.li/ (adj. having or showing a lot of energy and

enthusiasm, or showing interesting and exciting thought ; a lively

city)

• hectic / h̍ek.tɪk/ (adj full of activity; very busy and fast : a

hectic schedule; The area has become a haven for people tired of the

hectic pace of city life.)

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• des__________ (adj. empty If a place is des__________

there are no people in it : a des_________ building/street; The

coastal resorts are des________ (= do not have many visitors) in

winter.)

• bust__________ (adj If a place is bust________ it is full

of busy activity .; This used to be a bust_________town but a lot of

people have moved away over recent years.; The house, usually

bustl________ with activity, was strangely silent.)

• cro__________ (adj. If a place is cro__________it is full of

people ; By ten o'clock the bar was cro________.)

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• deserted /dɪˈzɜˈ.tɪd/ (adj. empty If a place is deserted,

there are no people in it : a deserted building/street; The coastal

resorts are deserted (= do not have many visitors) in winter.)

• bustling / b̍ʌs.lɪŋ/ (adj If a place is bustling, it is full of

busy activity .; This used to be a bustling town but a lot of people

have moved away over recent years.; The house, usually bustling

with activity, was strangely silent.)

• crowded / k̍raʊ.dɪd/ (adj. If a place is crowded, it is full of

people ; By ten o'clock the bar was crowded.)

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• pac__________ (adj. completely full : The train was so

pac__________ that I couldn't find a seat.; This book is

pac__________ with useful information.)

• fil__________ (adj. extremely or unpleasantly dirty : Wash

your hands - they're fil__________!)

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• packed /pækt/ (adj. completely full : The train was so packed

that I couldn't find a seat.; This book is packed with useful

information.)

• filthy/ f̍ɪl.θi/ (adj. extremely or unpleasantly dirty : Wash

your hands - they're filthy!)

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• r__________ - down (adj. describes buildings or areas

that are in very bad condition : a r__________-down

building/cemetery

• sh__________ (adj. looking old and in bad condition

because of being used for a long time or not being cared for : Her

home is a rented one-bedroom flat in a sh__________ part of

town.)

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• run- down / r̍ʌnˈdaʊn/ (adj. describes buildings or areas

that are in very bad condition : a run- down building/cemetery

• shabby / ʃ̍æb.i/ (adj. looking old and in bad condition

because of being used for a long time or not being cared for : Her

home is a rented one-bedroom flat in a shabby part of town.)