e ramadan recommended deeds
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E Ramadan Recommended DeedsTRANSCRIPT
Ramadhan
Recommended Deeds
Ramadhan3 Parts
The holy month of Ramadhan is divided into three parts:
Rahmat : meaning "mercy of Allah”
Maghfirat : meaning "forgiveness of Allah“
Nijaat : meaning "salvation"
Ramadhan3 Parts
In the first part : Allah showers mercy and blessings, so that his servants may acquire all their needs
In the second part : the servants are purified
of past sins
In the third part : - Allah keeps them under His
benevolence and kindness - accepts prayers - keeps them safe from His wrath in the Hereafter
RamadhanDesired Actions
Good and desired actions specified for Ramadhan
.A. Careful performance of obligatory acts :
salaat fasting
RamadhanDesired Actions
.B. Increasing the supererogatory acts:
reading Quran performance of the Taraweeh prayer performance of the Tahajjud prayer giving charity itikaaf
Ramadhan
Significance
Hadith
Prophet Muhammadsaw said:
“Ramadhan burns the sins and faults,
just as the fire burns the wood.”
QuranSurah Al Baqarah: 183
Fasting was made obligatory for the followers of all the Prophets :
'ب% (ت ك %م%ا ك %ام( الص/ي (م( 5ك %ي ع%ل 'ب% (ت ك 5 (وا آم%ن ?ذ'ين% ال Aه%ا ي% أ %ا ي
?ق(ون% %ت ت (م5 ?ك %ع%ل ل (م5 'ك 5ل ق%ب م'ن ?ذ'ين% ال ع%ل%ى “O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed
for you, as it was prescribed for those who preceded you; that perhaps you will be mindful of God.”
RamadhanWhy is it important ?
The Holy Qur’an, The greatest favor upon humankind, was gifted in this month
It is the month of Quran
Ramadhan is declared by Allah as a month of blessings
RamadhanWhy is it important ?
An annual institution containing all conceivable attributes for human excellence
training for the body and soul
a renewal of life
encouraging the spirit of sharing and giving
Hadith
The importance of this divine month was reiterated by the Prophetsaw when he said,
“The Month of Ramadhan is the month of Allah (God), bringing His Mercy and Forgiveness.”
RamadhanMoral Significance
Month of obligatory fasting
Fast of Ramadhan commemorating the revelation of Qur'an
A time to reflect and refresh pledge of being perfect witnesses of the Prophets’ lifestyle
Time to look at one’s self critically
Abstinence and restrain practiced
RamadhanMoral Significance
Saum of Ramadhan instills Taqwa and fear of Allah
controls 2 aspects of body, which are the root causes of human downfall
- the stomach
- the private parts
RamadhanSocial Significance
Ramadhan is known as the month of invitations and visitations
Enhances and energizes friendships and family ties
The Prophetsaw called it a month of sympathy
Instills empathy for the indigent
An equalizer of rich and poor
RamadhanSpiritual Significance
The Prophet (pbuh) said that "When Ramadhan starts, the gates of paradise
are opened and the gates of Hell are closed and the Satans are chained. “
The Prophet (pbuh) has said in the meaning:
‘Woe to one, Ramadhan reached to him but he could not use it for forgiveness of his sins’
Allah denies access of Satans to believers deeds
so they can come closer to Him
RamadhanSpiritual Significance
Instills the essence of consciousness of Allah
increases moral courage guides the heart (Qalb) from spoilage and
moral indecency level of Taqwa is raised, the person avoids the
sins a believer becomes one with religion feels a genuine need to do good
RamadhanSpiritual Significance
The Prophet (pbuh) said
"Fasting is regarded as having acquired half of
patience"
Patience is the pinnacle of self-mastery, discipline and spiritual agility
Rigorous disciplining during Ramadhan
Leading of a more refined and introspective life
RamadhanSpiritual Significance
Increased generosity of Muslims
Increased Taqwa during Ramadhan
Allah accepts repentance
Acceptance of Dua’s
RamadhanSignificance for Health
Improves all aspects of health
Regularises life Moderates lifestyle Time to give up bad habits Control over addictions Detoxifies and purifies body Rests the digestive system (stomach, secretions) Beneficial for blood pressure, obesity Better mental health (less stress, more inner
peace)
RamadhanBlessings
Ramadhan is the period of purgation
The blessings of Ramadhan are not limited to fasting alone
any worship is rewarded many times over good deeds also a source of great Divine favor Muslims ask for Allah's blessings to make their
life meaningful
RamadhanAcceptance of Duas
In Ramadhan Allah answers the servant’s supplication
The Prophet, pbuh, said:
“To every Muslim is an answered supplication (du’aa) in Ramadhan.”
this particular time is at Iftar
RamadhanReading Quran
It is the duty of every Muslim to read Quran in Ramadhan
- try to understand meaning of the Quran & - gain insight into the Divine message
enshrined therein
It brings peace and illumination to the mind Imparts purity to the soul
RamadhanHistorical Importance
Of historical significance too :
the revelations of the Holy Qur'an commenced in this month
battle of Badr fought in Ramadhan
conquest of Mecca also took place during this month
Ramadhan
Ramadhan and The Quran
QuranSurah Al-Baqarah: 185
ه(دaى آن( 5ق(ر5 ال ف'يه' (نز'ل% أ ?ذ'ي% ال م%ض%ان% ر% ه5ر( ش%ه'د% ش% ف%م%ن ق%ان' 5ف(ر5 و%ال 5ه(د%ى ال م/ن% pات% /ن %ي و%ب ?اس' /لن ل
و5 % أ م%ر'يضaا %ان% ك و%م%ن %ص(م5ه( 5ي ف%ل ه5ر% الش? (م( م'نك
(م( 'ك ب uه( الل (ر'يد( ي (خ%ر% أ p ?ام %ي أ م/ن5 wف%ع'د?ة pف%ر س% ع%ل%ى5ع'د?ة% ال 5 (وا 5م'ل (ك 'ت و%ل ر% 5ع(س5 ال (م( 'ك ب (ر'يد( ي % و%ال ر% (س5 5ي ال
ون% (ر( ك %ش5 ت (م5 ?ك %ع%ل و%ل (م5 ه%د%اك م%ا ع%ل%ى uه% الل 5 وا /ر( %ب (ك 'ت و%ل
QuranSurah al Baqarah: 185
Ramadhan is the (month) in which the Qur'an was sent down, as a guide to mankind, also clear (Signs) for guidance and judgment (Between right and wrong). So every one of you who is present (at his home) during that month should spend it in fasting…“
Ramadhan and QuranThe Link
This Quranic verse explains the inseparable link between Quran and Ramadhan
The revelation to Prophet Muhammadsaw began in this month
The night in which the Qur'an was revealed is known as The Night of Power or The Night of Destiny.
Ramadhan A Celebration
Ramadhan can be said to be a celebration of the revelation
A celebration of the Quran as a living guidance to humanity
A proof of the divinity of Allah A proof of the authenticity of the Prophethood
of Muhammadsaw
Proof of the supremacy of revelation over all else
RamadhanKey facts about the Quran
Revelation Over 23 years
No. of surahs 114
Revealed in Mecca 86
Revealed in Medina 28
Total no. of verses 6239
Longest surah Al Baqarah, 286 verses
Shortest surah Al Kawthar, 3 verses
RamadhanLaylat ul Qadr
5ق%د5ر' ال %ة' 5ل %ي ل ف'ي %اه( 5ن ل %نز% أ ?ا 'ن إ
Lo! We revealed it on
the Night of Predestination
RamadhanLaylat ul Qadr
Importance attached to this night
A time for especially fervent and devoted prayer
Rewards and blessings are manifold
Praying throughout this one night is better than a thousand months of prayer
RamadhanFinding Night of Power
No one knows exactly which night it is; it is one of God's mysteries
The Prophetsaw instructed Muslims to search for it during the odd nights of the last 10 days of Ramadhan without specifying any day
Many scholars believe it to be on the 27th
Ramadhan and QuranThe Link
Highly meritorious to complete reciting the Quran in Ramadhan
It was recited to the Prophet (peace be upon him) by Jibreel (alayhi salaam) over a period of 23 years
Thus, Quran literally means 'recitation' or 'proclamation'
Ramadhan and QuranThe Link
Muslims encouraged to read the Quran regularly and more so in Ramadhan
The Prophetsaw used to recite the whole Quran to Gabriel once every Ramadhan and twice in the year in which Hesaw died
This practice emulated by completing the recitation of Quran at least once Ramadhan - especially in Tarawih prayers
Ramadhan
Fasting
HadithMuslim
Hadith Qudsi
I swear by the One in Whose Hand is the soul
of Muhammad, the breath of the faster is sweeter to Allah on the Day of Judgment than the scent of musk.
Ramadhan
The Principle
The principle behind Saum
is to understand the plight of the poor and
needy
pledge to live a more significant and
meaningful life
Hadith
Prophet Mohammedsaw said "if a person observing fast does not shun
untruth, his having given up eating and drinking is of little value. Such a person starves for nothing. And those who rise in the midnight to recite prayers but do not give up untruth and evil deeds, lose their sleep for
nothing”
RamadhanThe Fast
For thirty days
abstain from food, drink, evil thoughts and sensual indulgences
from shortly before sunrise to shortly after sunset
due reward for fasting
one who takes this obligation lightly is a sinner
RamadhanThe Niyyat
Intent of fasting
could be verbal and in any language preferable to make Niyyat during night i.e. prior to Subah Sadiq without Niyyat, Saum is mere starvation
(time limit for validity of Niyyat for Saum is before the time of
Nisfun-Nahar i.e. midday in terms of the Shariah)
RamadhanMeals
Special meals of the Saum : Suhoor before the Fajr prayers
Iftar evening meal
often eaten communally often including dates
QuranSurah al Baqarah: 187
HهJالل NبNتNك ا Nم TواHغNتTاب Nو YنHوه Hر بNاش[ Nاآلن Nف HمHكNل NنYيNبNتNي تYى Nح TواHب Nر TاشNو TواHلHك Nو TمHكNل
د[ Nو TسNاأل يTط[ NخTال Nم[ن HضNيTبNاأل HطTي NخTال
“...And now associate with them and seek what Allah has ordained for you and eat and drink until the white thread of dawn appears to you distinct from its black thread.”
HadithAhmed
The Messenger of Allahsaw said :
"Sahuur is a blessed meal, do not neglect it even if it is a mouthful of drink. For Allah and the Angels bless those who observe it."
RamadhanA Special act
Of all the pillars of Islam, none is more special than siyaam/ fasting
no possibility of Riya or show in fasting
only Allah knows the one really abstaining
fasting is considered a special worship
RamadhanBenefits
Why fast?
to develop patience and self-control
to learn sympathy for the deprived
to cleanse the body and mind
RamadhanBenefits
Why fast?
to gain appreciation for Allah's bounty
to demonstrate the depth of one's commitment
to protect against sin.
RamadhanHadith
The Holy Prophetsaw said :
"Satan runs in the circulatory system of the son of Adam in the same way blood circulates in our system; so tighten his passages with hunger“
Bukhari and Muslim
RamadhanThe 3 Grades of Fasting
Ordinary Fasting abstaining from food, drink and sexual satisfaction
Special Fasting abstinence and keeping ears, eyes, tongue, hands
and feet and allorgans free from sin
RamadhanThe 3 Grades of Fasting
Extra-special Fasting
abstinence & total disregard of everything but Allah
- this kind of Fast broken by thinking of worldly matters - consists of utmost dedication to Allah
To this third degree belongs fasting of Prophets, the awliya and intimates of Allah
RamadhanHadith Qudsi
"All services of the son of Adam are for him except fasting. It is for Me, and I will reward him for it. Fasting is a shield. On the day you fast, do not use obscenity, nor yell at others, nor act ignorantly towards them. However, if anyone abuses you verbally or attempts to draw you to fight with him, say 'I am fasting' two times. The Prophet (saas) then states: I swore by the One (Allah) in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the breath of the faster is sweeter to Allah on the Day of Judgment than the scent of musk. The faster experiences enjoyment twice: he is pleased when he breaks his fast, and he is pleased when he meets his Maker"
(Muslim)
RamadhanFasting
Fasting is a shield
protects believer from sin (ma'asi)
eating increases blood flow and energy levels
making easier for Satan to use ones own energy level to tempt to commit sins
RamadhanA test
The fast is the single most important device to test
the Iman
the depth of sincerity
commitment to the concept of Tauheed
HadithTirmidhi
The Messenger of Allahsaw has been reported as saying:
"There are three categories of people
whose supplications will not be rejected: - the person who observes the fast until he
breaks it, - a just ruler, - and a person who has been oppressed."
RamadhanSunnahs of Fasting
6 duties in fasting known as Sunnahs - Sehri or predawn meals
- Iftar immediately after sunset - Tarawih Salaat at night - Feed the poor and hungry - Increased reading of the Holy Quran - I’tikaaf during the last ten days of Ramadhan
RamadhanMustahabs of Fasting
To partake of Sehri
To delay the Sehri upto a little Subha Sadiq
To break one's fast immediately after sunset
To break one's fast with dates and water
To make Niyyat at night
HadithBukhari, Fath ul Baari No.1933
"If he forgets (about the fast) and eats or drinks absent-mindedly, then he should continue his fast, because it was Allah
who fed him."
In another narration, "and there is no
day owed nor expiation required."
RamadhanMakroohat of Fasting
To chew gum, rubber, plastic items etc
To taste food/drink and spit it out (If husband very ill-tempered, permissible for wife
to taste food without swallow it)
Collecting saliva in the mouth and swallowing it to quench thirst
Delay a bath that has become FARZ knowingly until after Subha Sadiq
RamadhanMakroohat of Fasting
Using paste/tooth powder. (Miswaak permitted) Complain of hunger and thirst
Taking water too much up the nostrils (when cleaning the nose)
To gargle more than necessary
To quarrel, argue, use filthy or indecent words
To backbite, tell a lie and swear etc. are sinful acts
RamadhanRegarding Children
The normal rule
After age 7 : order child to observe Saum
No Qadha if child breaks the fast
By age 10 : compel child to fast in Ramadhan
RamadhanQaza saum
Compensate unobserved fasts
are Wajib without needless delay make Niyyat at night i.e. before Subah Sadiq omission due to Haidh/Nifaas must be made
up Qadha saum need not be consecutive Fidyah wajib if Qaza saum not posiible
RamadhanKaffarah
Penalty for deliberate nullification of Sawm of Ramadhan
fasting 60 consecutive days
those unable to fast can feed 60 needy 2 meals a day or pay the amount in cash (Sadaqah
Fitr)
or give 2kgs flour per poor
Ramadhan
Taraweeh
HadithSihah Sitta except Tirmidhi
Hazrat Aishahra says:
"The Prophet offered salah in the mosque and many people prayed with him. The next day he did the same and more people prayed with him. Then the people gathered on the third night but, the Prophet did not come out to them. In the morning, he said to them:
'Surely I saw what you did, and nothing prevented me from coming out to you, save that I feared that [that prayer] would be made obligatory upon you.’
And that was during Ramadhan."
RamadhanTarawih
The Prophetsaw passed away and Tarawih salaat remained a sunnah Hazrat Umarra revived the Sunnah of Tarawih
prayer in congregation
RamadhanTarawih
Tarawih (تراويح) is an Arabic word for extra prayers at night in Ramadhan The Prophetsaw encouraged special prayers
during Ramadhan without commanding them as obligatory and said:
"Whoever prays during the nights of Ramadhan
[taraweeh] with a firm belief and hoping for reward, all of his previous sins would be forgiven.”
(Sihah Sitta)
RamadhanTarawih
Sunnah Muakkadah for men and women Tarawih with Jamat is Sunnah muakkadah
for men after obligatory isha & before witr prayers prayed in sets of 2 rak'at each customary to recite whole Quran in Ramadhan by reciting at least a juz per night
If one cannot recite entire Quran, recite Surahs that one knows
Ramadhan
Last Ashra
RamadhanLast Ashra
Last 10 days are the most spiritually charged days of the month
a time of special spiritual power
Ramadhan enjoys an intrinsic superiority over all other months
it's last Ashra superior to both earlier Ashras
Lailatul Qadr or the Night of Power falls in it
RamadhanLast Ashra
Hazrat Ayeshara related that : “ The Apostle of Allah (peace & blessings upon
him) strove harder and took greater pains to observe prayer etc., during the last ten days of Ramadhan than during the other days.”
Muslim
RamadhanLast Ashra
Night of Power
The night on which the first verses of the Quran were revealed to the Prophetsaw
Generally taken to be the 27th night of the month
Muslims spend the entire night in prayer
RamadhanLast Ashra
Hazrat Aishara said:
I asked the Messenger of Allah: 'O Messenger of Allah, if I know what night is the night of Qadr, what should I say during it?' He said: 'Say: O Allah, You are pardoning and You love to pardon, so pardon me.' “
Ahmad, Ibn Majah, and Tirmidhi
Transliteration of Dua is "Allahumma innaka `afuwwun tuhibbul `afwa fa`fu `annee"
RamadhanLast Ashra
last ten days hold a special status
reflected in recommendations/practices of the Prophetsaw and the Sahabasra
3 major practices increased praying
Itikaf in the Masjid seeking Lailat ul Qadr
Ramadhan
Laylat al Qadr
QuranSurah al Qadr
'' ح'يم الر? ح5من' الر? الله' ' م 'س5 ب
5ق%د5ر' ال %ة' 5ل %ي ل ف'ي %اه( 5ن ل %نز% أ ?ا 'ن إ5ق%د5ر' ال %ة( 5ل %ي ل م%ا اك% د5ر%
% أ و%م%ا pه5ر ش% %ل5ف' أ م/ن5 w5ر ي خ% 5ق%د5ر' ال %ة( 5ل %ي ل
(ل/ ك م/ن /ه'م ب ر% 'ذ5ن' 'إ ب ف'يه%ا وح( Aو%الر %ة( 'ك ئ 5م%ال% ال ل( %ز? %ن تpم5ر
% أر' 5ف%ج5 ال %ع' م%ط5ل ?ى ح%ت ه'ي% wم ال% س%
QuranSurah al Qadr
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
Lo! We revealed it on the Night of Predestination Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Night of
Power is! The Night of Power is better than a thousand months The angels and the Spirit descend therein, by the
permission of their Lord, with all decrees
(The night is) Peace until the rising of the dawn
HadithBukhari, Muslim
In a Hadith related by Abu Hurairahra
The Messenger of Allahsaw said:
"He who spends the night in prayer on the Night of Power, as a sign of His faith, and seeking rewards from Allah, his previous sins will be forgiven."
RamadhanLaylat al Qadr
lit. the night of destiny (is the night of revelation and the night of
judgment)
Pious Muslims spend the night (when possible for 10 days) in the mosques
Devote themselves to extra prayers and study of the Quran
HadithAhmed, Nasaae and Bayhaqi
Abu Hurairahra relates The Messenger of Allahsaw said when one
Ramadhan came:
"A blessed month has arrived. Observing it in fasting is mandated on you (the believers). During this month, the gates of Paradise will be opened and the gates of Hellfire will be closed. The evil ones (Shayaatin) will be handcuffed. In it there is one night, during which worship is better than worship in a thousand months. Whoever is denied its blessings has been denied the biggest blessing."
RamadhanLaylat al Qadr
This night lends Ramadhan its special character
The Prophetsaw was first taught Quranic verses
by Jibril, and the teaching continued for 10 days
Allah determines the course of the world for
the coming year
RamadhanLaylat al Qadr
No consensus which night of Ramadhan is Laylat al Qadr
Could be any odd numbered night from 21st to the 29th
Traditionally, celebrated throughout the night of the 27th (i.e. the night between the 26th and 27th)
RamadhanLaylat al Qadr
The Night of Al-Qadr has a Fixed Date: The best night in Ramadhan is the Night of Al-
Qadr, based on the Prophet's saying: "Whoever performs the night prayer on the
Night of Al-Qadr with firm faith and while seeking reward, his past sins will be forgiven."
RamadhanLaylat al Qadr
Hadeeth of Zurr Ibn Hubaysh Ubay Bin Ka'ab ra said: "May Allah have mercy on him, his intention
was that the people not (grow lazy) and depend solely (on just one night). By the One of whom there is no deity worthy of worship beside Him, it is indeed in Ramadhan. And by Allah I know on which night it is. It is on the night that Allah's Messengersaw commanded us to perform the Night Prayer. It is on the twenty-seventh night. Its sign is that the sun rises on its following morning bright with no rays."
RamadhanSearching Laylat al Qadr
One of the odd numbered nights of the last 10 days of Ramadhan
i.e. 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th or 29th.
It has been emphasized that it is
most likely to be the 27th night
RamadhanSearching Laylat al Qadr
Signs of Laylat al Qadr are :
Early sunrise without rays
Rainfall either at night or during the day of that night
Nightsky will be slightly foggy
Slightly lighted sky without reflections or rays
The angels and Gabriel descend to earth for many purposes
RamadhanLaylat al Qadr
Allah has hidden knowledge of its occurrence
out of mercy that one can increase actions in the search for it during these honorable nights
by praying making dhikr supplicating Allah’s test to distinguish who struggles to
find it and who is lazy and negligent
RamadhanObserving Laylat al Qadr
Collective/individual observance of :
- Recitation of the Quran
- Prayers : Nafl after Tarawih
- Remembrance of Allah or zikr
- Supplication or Du'a for self and others
- Reading books of Hadeeth
RamadhanObserving Laylat al Qadr
Collective/individual observance of :
- Reading Tafseer of Quran - Explaining Islam for benefit others
- Giving charity - Pondering and contemplating "...and they contemplate the (wonders of) creation in the heaven and the
earth…."(3:191)
Ramadhan
Itikaaf
HadithBukhari, Volume 3,Book 33: 260
Observing it in Ramadhan is established in the Hadith of Abu Hurairahra :
"Allah's Messengersaw would make 'Itikaaf for ten days in every Ramadhan. But when it was the year in which he died, he made 'Itikaaf for twenty days."
RamadhanWhat is Itikaaf ?
Seclusion in masjid for a specific purpose
which is to worship Allah
it is a Sunnah best time is Ramadhan, sp last 10 days best in Masjid where Friday prayers also held cannot be done at home
no kaffarah if voided, but reobserve it
RamadhanPrerequisites of Itikaaf
4 prerequisites :
Islam
Sane (person should not be mad)
Taharat (be free from Hadath e Akbar)
Niyyat (Intention)
RamadhanDuring Itikaaf
A Mutakif should engage himself in Ibaadat Recital of the Holy Quran
Nafl Salaat and Zikr
Durood Sharif and Istighfaar
Remembrance of Allah
Learn or teach the knowledge of deen
RamadhanBenefits of Itikaaf
Immense hidden benefit
protection from effects of excessive socializing
protection from evil consequences of talking and sleeping too much
concentrated devotion enhances spiritual growth
RamadhanBenefits of Itikaaf
Acts of Itikaaf
turning to Allah by praying Qiyam ul Layl (Night prayers) reading Quran making Dhikr reciting duas
RamadhanTypes of Itikaaf
3 types according to Hanafi school of thought
Wajib Itikaaf
when a person makes it obligatory upon himself
eg after fulfillment of a prayer
RamadhanTypes of Itikaaf
Sunnah Itikaaf
seclusion in a Masjid for last 10 days of Ramadhan
(as per the practice of Rasulullahsaw)
Nafil Itikaaf no special time/specific number of days Imam Abu Hanifahra states that it must be for ‘at
least one full day’
HadithSahih Abu Dawood 2135
Aishahra said: "The Sunnah for the one doing Itikaaf is that
he should not go out (of the masjid) except for some need that he must fulfill. He should not witness a funeral, nor should he touch his wife, or have intercourse with her. And there is no Itikaaf except in a masjid that establishes the Jama’ah (congregational prayer). And the Sunnah for the one doing'Itikaaf is that he should be fasting (on the day he makes Itikaaf)."
RamadhanConditions of Itikaaf
The sunnah is that
one does not visit the sick during itikaaf does not answer the invitation nor fulfill the needs of his family not witness the funeral (by following it) not go to work outside the masjid not touch his wife not leave to fulfill a need except that which is
necessary
RamadhanItikaaf for Women
Permissible for women to do Itikaaf
if their guardians grant them permission place must be free from any fitnah no intermingling with men
Ramadhan
Eid ul Fitr
HadithSahih Ahmad, 3/103
Eid - a Mercy of Allah
The Prophetsaw told the people of Madina :
“I came to you and you had in Jahiliyah 2 days of play and amusement. Indeed, Allah has replaced them for you by that which is better than them:
The day of Nahr (slaughtering) and the day of Fitr (breaking fast).”
RamadhanEid ul Fitr
celebrated on the first day of Shawaal
Eid means recurring happiness/festivity al Fitr means breaking of the fast
10th month of Muslim calendar Marks end of month of fasting Salat ul Eid (Eid prayers) offered Zakat ul Fitr Greetings of "Eid-Mubarak" /"a blessed Eid"
exchanged
RamadhanEid ul Fitr
This happy day designed by Shariah
as sign of gratitude on accomplishment of Ramadhan
as an immediate reward by Allah for those who spent Ramadhan fasting and in other ibadah
haraam to fast on this day day of forgetting grudges and ill will
RamadhanEid ul Fitr
Islam has prescribed a simple yet graceful way to observe the happy day
- mandatory on well-off Muslims to start the day
by paying Zakat ul fitr - proceed to an open place to offer Eid prayer
collectively
- After Eid prayer, rejoice in a responsible
manner
Eid Greetings(Fath al Baree 2/446)
Jubair bin Nufair said: “The Companions of Allah's Messengersaw when
they met on the day of Eid, would say to each other:
‘Taqabbala Allahu minna wa minkum’ (“May Allah accept it from you and us”)
RamadhanThe Night Preceding Eid ul Fitr
Named in a Hadith as the Night of Reward (Lailatul Jaiza)
The Prophetsaw would not sleep in the
night preceding the day of Eid ul fitr Allah rewards those who spent Ramadhan by
Shariah, and all their prayers in this night are accepted
Desirable to perform nafl prayers in this night
HadithIbn Majah
The Prophetsaw is reported to have said:
Whoever stands up (in worship) in the nights preceding the two Eids expecting rewards from his Lord, his heart will not die when the other hearts will die.
RamadhanRecommended Acts
Following acts are Sunnah at the beginning of the day of Eid ul Fitr before
the Eid prayer
rising early in the morning brushing the teeth bathing for Eid after the Fajr prayer Wearing the best available dress
Use of perfume
RamadhanRecommended Acts
personal adornment and decoration give Zaka-ul-Fitr before going to the Eid
ground eating something sweet before going for Eid
Prayer reaching Eid ground early walking to the Eid ground one way and
returning by another Takbir on the way in a low voice
RamadhanTakbeer
Alla-u Akbar, Allah-u Akbar Allah is greatest Allah is greatest
La-Ilaha ill-Allah There is no God but Allah
wa-Allah-u Akbar, Allah-u Akbar and Allah is greatest Allah is greatest
wa-lillah-il-hamd and all praise is for Allah
Ramadhan
Zakat ul Fitr
Zakat ul FitrMeaning
Zakat ul Fitr also referred to as Sadaqah al
Fitr
Fitr means the same as Iftaar : breaking a fast
From same root word - Futoor : meaning breakfast Islamically, Zakat al-Fitr is the charity which
is distributed at the end of the fast of Ramadhan
HadithAbu Dawud, Eng. transl. vol. 2, p. 421, no. 1605
In a hadith reported by Ibn Abbasra
"The Messenger of Allahsaw has mandated the obligation of fast breaking alms as a cleanser of the faster from (what one may have done) mistakes or obscene acts, and to provide for the poor. Whoever gives it before Eid prayer, it is an accepted alms, but whoever gives it after Eid prayer, it is only a charity like any ordinary charity."
Zakat ul FitrWhen to pay ?
A special charity of the month of Ramadhan
should be given during Ramadhan anytime before the Eid-ul-Fitr prayer
Because it can be given until Eid-ul-Fitr time, it
is called Zakat-ul-Fitr The Prophetsaw urged Muslims to pay this
charity in the month of Ramadhan
HadithMuslim, English transl. vol. 2, p. 469, no. 2155
Abu Sa'eed al-Khudree said : "On behalf of our young and old, free men and
slaves, we used to take out during Allah's Messenger's (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) lifetime one Saa` of grain, cheese or raisins".
Zakat ul FitrWho must pay ?
Waajib on every Muslim as long as one has the means to do so
poor or rich, man or woman, sane or insane
amount of this zakat must be enough to feed a poor or needy person
the head of the household may pay the required amount for the other members
Zakat ul FitrWhy pay it ?
meant to expiate for any mistakes or wrongdoings a person may have done during this blessed month
helps the poor and needy takes care of their needs in the month of
Ramadhan makes it possible for them to celebrate Eid
with other Muslims
HadithBukhari, Volume 2, Hadith No. 579
Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with
them both, said :
"The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, enjoined the payment of one Sa’ of dates or one Sa’ of barley as Zakat ul Fitr on every Muslim, young and old, male and female, free
and slave."
Zakat ul FitrHow much ?
The amount is the same for everyone
regardless of their different income brackets minimum amount is one Saa` (two handfuls )
of food, grain or dried fruit for each member of the family
This calculation is based on Ibn Umar's report
Zakat ul FitrHow much ?
The amount fixed by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
incumbent on every Muslim who possesses one Sa` (2.176 kilograms or 4.797 pounds) of dates or barley
which is not needed as a basic food for himself or his family
for the duration of one day and night
Some jurists allow paying equivalent in cash
Zakat ul FitrWhen to pay ?
Should be given during Ramadhan any time but before the Eid prayer should be given to the poor and needy
Individuals can make payments to Islamic charitable organizations
These organizations then should distribute these funds soon and to the needy people on time
Zakat ul FitrVirtues
Declared by the Prophetsaw a perquisite for the acceptance of fasting
Meant to :
cement relationship between members of Muslim society
alleviate pain of the poor cultivate sense of brotherhood and solidarity
HadithAbu Dawud & Tirmidhi
The Holy Prophetsaw has said :
"Have mercy upon those on earth, and those in heaven will have mercy upon you."
Zakat ul FitrImportant Points
permissible for a wealthy woman to pay Zakat to her husband, who is poor, however the opposite is not permissible
Zakat ul Fitr not required from one who does
not possess a day’s worth of food
Whoever possesses more than a day’s worth of food and he gives it (as his Zakat-ul-Fitr), this will suffice him
Ramadhan
Salaat of
Eid ul Fitr
RamadhanEid Prayer
It is a Wajib salaat
can be performed any time between the Ishraq and Zawal
Hazrat Umarra said:
“The prayer of Eid and al-Adhaa is two complete rak’ahs, not shortened. This is according to the words of your Prophet, and the liar is doomed.”
RamadhanEid Prayer
No Iqaamah or Azaan
Six extra Takbeers
The prayer comes before the khutbah
No nafl prayers before or after the Eid prayer
If Eid prayer in a mosque, pray 2 rak’ahs Tahiyat al-Masjid before sitting down
RamadhanEid Prayer
In this Salah, Khutbah is a Sunnah
is delivered after the Salah listening to the Khutbah of Eid Salah is wajib
Eid prayer in an open field and not in a mosque
If difficult, can be performed in a big mosque
HadithSahih Muslim, 878
Al-Nu’maan ibn Bishr said:
“The Messenger of Allaah (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) used to recite on the two Eids and on Fridays, Sabbih isma rabbika’l-a’laa [al-A’laa 87:1] and Hal ataaka hadeeth al-ghaashiyah [al-Ghaashiyah 88:1].”
Ramadhan
Conclusion
RamadhanConclusion
The believer knows that : - the Lord of Ramadhan is also Lord of other
months - that He is the Lord of all times and places - so he is steadfast upon the Shariah of Allah until he meets Him while He is pleased with
him
RamadhanConclusion
Righteous actions are for all times and all places
Reading Quran and contemplating, is not only
for Ramadhan but for all times One must continuously be : - obedient to Allah, - firm upon His Shariah, - steadfast upon His Deen, - so that one is not of those who worship
Allah only during one month or only in one place
RamadhanConclusion
From signs that one's deeds are accepted, is improvement in obedience to
Allah`azza wa jall
“And remember when your Lord proclaimed, 'If you are grateful, I will
surely increase you [in favor]…” (Quran, surah Ibrahim: 7)
So if the servant is truly thankful to his Lord, you will see him guided to more obedience and distanced from sinfulness
RamadhanThankfulness is leaving sins
Hين الTيNق[ NكNت[يT يNأ تYى Nح NكYب Nر TدHبTاعNو
“And worship your Lord until there comes you to the certainty [i.e. death].”
Quran surah al Hijr: 99