dynamic assembly of xml-based content for learning
DESCRIPTION
Dynamic Assembly of XML-based Content for Learning. Motivation – Need. Learners often have specific , immediate , and unique learning needs arising from their interests, personal goals, tasks, or assignments - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Learning Objects Initiative
Public | 19-192004 | http://www.research.ibm.com © 2004 IBM Corporation
Dynamic Assembly of XML-based Content for Learning
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
Learners often have specific, immediate, and unique learning needs arising from their interests, personal goals, tasks, or assignments
Web-based courses often aim toward a broad audience and miss these unique needs – or must be manually customized to an approximate target audience (an expensive process )
Learners often need small amounts of information scattered across documents, Web sites, content databases, and courses.
Web search engines are insufficient -- they do not organize related search results into a coherent whole for effective and efficient learning
Motivation – Need
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
The “Dynamic Assembly” Problem
How can a system assemble learning information and activities "on the fly" to meet the user's immediate and specific learning needs?
How can we efficiently create small, repurposable snippets of diverse content? (XML, Learning Object Compiler)
How can we improve search precision for learning objects? (Learning Object Metadata extensions, index both content and metadata)
How can we enabling pluggable learning object components in dynamic learning experiences? (LOM extensions for instructional role)
How can we generate a coherent collection of search results that address the user’s need? (directed RDF graph search)
How can we generate a logical learning progression? (uniform sequencing
policy)
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
System Architecture
Topic Graph, Topic
Sequence, and Instructional role
Sequence
Search Engine
DynamicAssembly
Engine
CoursePlayer
or LMS
LearningObject
Metadata
Query
Duration,Search Scope
Relevance ranking
Learning Object Organization
Web Resources Learning
ExperienceMetadata
Learning Time,Instructional role, &Topic Metadata
Per-User Data
Personal Custom Course Catalogs & Tracking Data per User
Learner
Custom Course
Learning Object
Compiler
Source Materials
Documents
Presentations
Web Graphs
Courses
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
Sources Docbook XML
SCORM SCOs
Potential XML Fragments Group & Tag
XML Learning Object Compiler
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
Pilot Study 7 large IBM Redbooks A series of “how-to manuals” Focused on the WebSphere product line
Over 5,000 pages of text and graphics
300,000 lines of text + 6,000 images Consistent presentation
and writing style No digital rights issues
Challenges: Multiple templates Logical chunks vary in size Dependencies/links Redundancies, coverage gaps
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
Content Recombination – Modularization and Metatagging
•27 experts •500 learning modules •2-4 hrs avg/expert •100-300 pp,/expert
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
<module xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <chapter id="454623" label="1."> <title>Overview of Web services</title> <sect1 id-=“458846” label=“1.1”> …. </sect1> </chapter></module>
Sample Learning Object Content XML
Learning Objects Inititiative
Dynamic Assembly of Learning Objects | PUBLIC © 2004 IBM Corporation
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <lom xmlns=http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1 imsmd_rootv1p2p1.xsd">
<general> <title> <langstring xml:lang="en">Overview of Web Services</langstring </title> </general> <typicallearningtime> <datetime>PT69S</datetime> </typicallearningtime>....</lom>
Sample Learning Object Metadata XML