dunia led presentation 2014
TRANSCRIPT
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Presentation
Save Enegry to Save Enegry to Save Enegry to Save Enegry to LLLLeeeeaaaadddd
the world better !the world better !the world better !the world better !
1
the world better !the world better !the world better !the world better !
DUNIA-LED
Ruko Market Place PR-1 No. 09
Grand Wisata Bekasi - Jawa Barat
Phone. +62 87880806072 Fax. 021-29080079
Email : [email protected]
Website : www.dunia-led.com
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…A Brief History of Lighting
1879Edison Light
Bulb
1901Fluorescent
Tube1919
SodiumVapor Lamp
1970sFirst Red
LED
~1990“High Brightness”
Red, Orange, Yellow, & Green LEDs
1995“High Brightness”Blue, Green LEDs
2000White LED Lamp
demonstratesIncandescent
Efficacy (17 lm/W)
2005White LED Lamp
demonstratesFluorescent
Efficacy (70 lm/W)
2009Production White
LED LampExceeds 100 lm/W
U.S. 223,898
Efficacy (70 lm/W)
• Current lighting technology is over 120 years old
• LEDs began as just indicators, but are now poised to become
the most efficient light source ever created
Calculators and
Indicators
Monochrome
signs
Full Color Signs
Solid State Lighting
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LED Lighting – Why Now?
• Technology has advanced dramatically to deliver value to new and emerging
applications– Reliability and lifetime are advantages for LEDs
– Lumens/watt has improved significantly
– White light quality & stability near incumbent technology
• Economics are starting to make sense– LED light can deliver Total-Cost-of-Ownership (TC)) savings through:
• Maintenance avoidance• Maintenance avoidance
• Energy saving
– Improved lumens/$ means lower initial fixture cost
• Regulatory & Green impact– Title 24 : Energy Star
– Incandescent light bulb bans
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Basic Advantages of LED Light
• Advance technology � semiconductor base, work with solar
• Energy efficient � 140 LPW (still improving)
• Directional � No wasted light
• Long Lifetime � > 50,000 hours to 70% LM
• Rugged � No filament to break
• Start instantly � nanoseconds vs. minutes (HID)
• Enviromentally sound � no Hg, Pb, heavy metals
• Low temperature � comfortable, warm not hot
• Dimmable, controllable � New lighting features, power savings
• Love cold temperature � No cold starting issues
LEDs can replace any incumbent lighting technology
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One teaspoon of mercury can
contaminate a 20 acre lake.
.
Effects of Mercury on the Environment
Forever.*
* www.lightbulbrecycling.com
Each year, an estimated 300 million
fluorescent lamps are disposed of in
Indonesia. landfills amounting to 7,500
Kg of mercury waste.*
The mercury from one fluorescent bulb
can pollute 24,000 litter of water
beyond safe drinking levels.*
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Disadvantages of LED Light
� New Technology
� no standard, lack of knowledge, high expectation
� Expensive
� price gap with conventional is big
� Technology LeapTechnology Leap
� race on LPW, and other things
� Color Rendering Index
� less than Halogen or incandescent, different RGB peaks
� Heat Control
� limit its application on certain area (explosion, hot area, etc)
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Recommendations
You must convert to LED if you want:� Comply to Green Regulation
� ISO 14000, OHSAS, etc
� Energy Savings:
� Electrical Tariff � Rp/Kwh
� Operating hours �Hours/Day� Operating hours �Hours/Day
� Reduce Maintenance Cost
� Lamp positions, operation’s concern, etc
� Special purpose
� Better CRI (tube, Hibay, etc), heat control, design, etc
Otherwise, You should not use LED
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LEDmanufacturingLED
manufacturingmanufacturingmanufacturing
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LED structures
• Initially red mass produced from 1969– GaAsP, Gallium arsenide Technology
– Produced red, amber, and yellow
– Early green produced by IR and phosphor
– GaAlA, Gallium Aluminum Arsenide High brightness red LEDs from 1984
• Shuji nakamura of Nichia 1993– InGaN, Indium Gallium Nitride Technology
– Produced Blue and Green
• Allowed development of White LED
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Led chips production
Good Wafer = Good LEDs = Good Lighting
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Binning
• The most important aspects
of LEDs
• At the end of production
line measurements made:– Fraction of a second, Device at
room temperature 25 C, Fully room temperature 25 C, Fully
automated process
• First stage of quality control
– Possibly the most important!
• Aspects tested:
– Colour
– Lumen output
– Forward voltage
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Led Assembly
• Simple & easy process
– Everyone join this business
– 30% collapsed in 2012
– Predicted another 30% collapsed
in 2013
• Tough competition• Tough competition
• Tough Quality Control
– Chips selection
– Heat control
– Burnt test
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LEDknow howLED
know howknow howknow how
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• Temperature in die
– Determine LED life
– Determine operating life
– Determine light output
• LEDs may become “dim” or not even illuminate if there is no control in
thermal or temperature
1. HEAT/THERMAL CONTROL
– Determine light output
– Determine efficiency
• Higher the temperature
– Lower the life
– Lower light output
– Lower the efficiency
In general, “product lifetime decreases as temperature increases (US Energy dept – June 2011)
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The heat path
The heat flow
HEAT/THERMAL IN LED LIGHTING
The heat flow
How to measure?
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Controlling the heat
• Board Materials • Copper Area
• LED Placement • Heatsink
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VTWM - Heatsink
Value of Thermal resistance Weight Multiplier
LED Lamp with VTWM below 1 signifies optimum
minimization of weight and temperature
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2. POWER SUPPLY/DRIVER LIFESPAN
• Driver/ Power Supply consist :
• capacitors, inductors,
• transformers, opto-isolators,
• and other electrical components
• all of those components have
different design lifetime, are affected
by operating and ambient
temperature, and are vulnerable to temperature, and are vulnerable to
electrical operating parameter
variations from surge, spikes, etc.
• Electrolytic Capacitor is the weakest,
where the life will cut by half if
temperature increase 10 oC
External Driver: require re-wiring in installation, but good in long run.
Internal driver: easy in installation, but not good in long run
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Driver Selection
• Must use double Electrolysis Capacitor or one Solid Capacitor
• Use famous brand only
� Meanwell, Inventronics, FSP, ERA
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Lifetime is 50,000 hours ??
This chart is for LED Chips, measure at 25 C, inside a lab
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ACTUAL TEST DATA
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3. Current APPLIED
• Many companies claimed
their products have high
lumen per watt: ie 100
lumens/watt
• Most claims are based on:
– Temp 25 C
– Lab scale
• Many used other • Many used other
companies data
• Lumens affected by
temperature.
• Higher temperature �
lower lumens
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Other design Energy LED design
(A) (B)
4. Material & Design
(C) (D) Shark finAluminum PCB
Heatsink must warm (not hot or cold) when you touched.
Means heat dissipation is working well
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PC/glass cover
PC Fluoride Coating Diffuser
Normal PC cover will be yellowed by UV
rays. Occurred yellowing state decreases
Luminous Efficacy, and then the cover
turns black, hole forms and loses its
waterproof function.
Depending on the installation environment,
diffuser plate can be required to reduce
glareness
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� Must check the following parameters
� Lumen per Watt
� Actual watt/Efficiency
� Chips selection
� Heat Dissipation
BRIGHTER IS BETTER ??
Heat Dissipation
� PC Cover Type
� Diffused
� Stripe
� Clear
� Beam Angle
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DIP LED60-70lm/watt
SMD LED80 lm/watt
High Power/
Big LED Chip90lm/watt
Multi COB LED120 lm/watt
5. LED CHIPS TECHNOLOGY
60-70lm/watt
Normal TL52lm/watt
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LED Lighting Evolution
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Fast changing technology
• The most important is:
– Return Of Investment
– Break Even Point
• Race on Lumen per Watt (May 2012: 231 LPW)
• Predicted life cycle is 3 years
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warranty time
• Too many factors, hard to control
• Claim procedure is uncertain
Use ROI/BEP as absolute reference!!
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6. Area of application
Works well in low temperature
T8 efficiency is 90 lumen/w at 25 °°°°C, 40 lumen/w at 7 °°°°C
(by Lighting Research Center)
Fluorescent Lamp LED Light Tube
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Corrosive area
• The life-shortening of LED lamps due to corrosion depends on the
installed environment.
• For example, if install by the beach, pool or factory emitting
poisonous gas, the lifespan will greatly shortened
• While aluminum-made heatsink is easily corroded, stainless steel
and copper give good protection
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All LED Lightings are the same???
• It is different!!
• Depends on many
factors:
– LED chips selection
– Power supply
– Optics
– Heat sink
– Know how
– etc
• Be careful!!
Different Manufacturer = Different Performance
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International Standards
• Needed to ensure common language, test methods, fair competition,
public safety, environmental protection
ISO
ANSIU.S.
CIE IEC NEMA IESNA UL
ANSI
DOE EPA
U.S. Standards
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Still on progress made by Industrial Ministry and National Certification Body (BSN)
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Sample Of Certification