due wednesday, september 14 read section 2.1 and take...

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Life Science Homework Due Wednesday, September 14 Read section 2.1 and take notes as you read then answer the questions: Define: Stimulus - ______________________________________________________________________ Response - ______________________________________________________________________ Growth - ______________________________________________________________________ Cell - ______________________________________________________________________ Energy - ______________________________________________________________________ Answer: 1. List an example of a response. ___________________________________________ 2. What is the smallest unit of life? __________________________________________ 3. Why do all living things need energy? _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4. List the forms of energy on page 31 and include a brief description of each. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Read section 2.2 and take notes then answer the questions: Define:

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Page 1: Due Wednesday, September 14 Read section 2.1 and take ...lincolnprep.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/7/3/11734573/life_science... · Due Wednesday, September 14 Read section 2.1 and take

Life Science Homework

Due Wednesday, September 14❏ Read section 2.1 and take notes as you read then answer the questions: Define: Stimulus -

______________________________________________________________________

Response -

______________________________________________________________________

Growth -

______________________________________________________________________

Cell -

______________________________________________________________________

Energy -

______________________________________________________________________

Answer:1. List an example of a response. ___________________________________________2. What is the smallest unit of life? __________________________________________3. Why do all living things need energy? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. List the forms of energy on page 31 and include a brief description of each. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

❏ Read section 2.2 and take notes then answer the questions: Define:

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Life Science Homework

Tissue - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Organ - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Organ System - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Homeostasis - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Answer: 1. What is a basic unit of matter? __________________________________________2. Are all your molecules the same? ______ List what some do. _______________________________________________________________________________________3. What is a cell? _______________________________________________________4. How many cells make up your body? _____________________________________5. List four types of cells that make up your body.

____________________________________________________________________6. What is a group of specialized cells that perform a particular function called?

___________________________________________________________________7. What do tissues form? _________________________________________________8. List several organs.

____________________________________________________________________9. List several organ systems.

____________________________________________________________________10. At what level does homeostasis occur? ___________________________________11. Explain why we sweat. ________________________________________________

❏ Prepare for your lab: Print the following lab and READ over it before class.

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Life Science Homework

Homeostasis LabThe Effects of Exercise on Homeostasis

Purpose Students will

• identify conditions that need to stay constant to keep the body in equilibrium. • describe how organisms maintain stable internal conditions while living in changing

external environments. Materials thermometer stopwatch

Background Exercise causes many factors of homeostasis to kick in to maintain internal equilibrium. How exercise affects some of these factors can be determined by measuring and observing certain conditions of the human body. Some of these conditions are:

• change in skin color on arms and face • perspiration level • external body temperature • breathing rate • heart rate

Pre lab Notes 1. Working in groups of 3 or 4, select a student that will be able to perform jumping

jacks well and will be able to maintain jumping for 8 minutes. The group member jumping will stop just long enough for the needed measurements and observations to be collected.

2. Record the resting observations and values of the person jumping rope using the following:

• skin color of hands and face (pale, pink, red) • perspiration level (none, mild, medium, high) • external body temperature (place the thermometer under the subjects

arm pit for 1 minute; the thermometer should be directly against the skin)

• breathing rate (count the number of breaths in 1 minute) • heart rate (find the pulse at the wrist and count the number of beats in 1

minute)

Procedure 1. Make observations and measurements of the person do jumping jacks while they are

sitting down and resting. Record your observations on the data table.

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Life Science Homework

2. The student doing jumping jacks should begin jumping when the person with the stopwatch gives the signal and continue jumping for 2 minutes. After 2 minutes quickly make observations and measurements and record them on the data table.

3. The student will continue to exercise at 2 minute intervals until the 8 minute time period has been completed. After each 2 minute interval observations and measurements should be made.

4. When the 8 minutes is up, the student exercising will rest for 1 minute. After 1 minute, observations and measurements will be taken for the final time. Don’t forget to record the data on the data table.

5. Clean the thermometer with alcohol and return it and all other lab materials to the designated area.

6. Make a separate graph for each of the following: • External Body Temperature at Various Intervals of Exercise • Breathing Rate at Various Intervals of Exercise • Heart Rate at Various Intervals of Exercise

7. Answer the questions in the conclusion section to describe and explain the results of the lab.

Data: Observations and Measurements During Various Intervals of Exercise

Time Intervals

Body Color Perspiration Level

Body Temperature

Breathing Rate

Heart Rate

Rest

2 Minutes

4 Minutes

6 Minutes

8 Minutes

Rest After Exercise 1 Minute

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Life Science Homework

Graph Title ____________________________________________

!

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Life Science Homework

Graph Title ___________________________________________

!

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Life Science Homework

Graph Title ________________________________________________

!

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Life Science Homework

Conclusion:

1. List the changes you observed in the body color and perspiration level in response to?

2. Explain how the changes help the body adjust to maintain equilibrium (homeostasis)?

3. Speculate why a change in body temperature occurs?

4. Name which mechanisms your body uses to maintain a constant body temperature?

5. Explain why an increased breathing rate accompanies exercise?

6. Explain why does an increased heart rate accompanies exercise?

7. Write a paragraph about the conclusions you can draw about your body’s ability to maintain equilibrium (homeostasis). Be sure to include the answers to the questions above.

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Life Science Homework

Due September 21

❑Complete your lab report. Make sure it is neat and complete. You should take great care with your lab reports this year.

❑ Take the Section 2.1 - 2.2 Quiz - you will find a link to the quiz on the website:

❑http://lincolnprep.weebly.com/metro---wed-at-830.html

❑ Complete the chapter assessment on pages 41 - 42; the vocabulary and concepts sections. You may use your book to help you complete this.

❑Take the chapter 2 test which can be found on the website: http://lincolnprep.weebly.com/metro---wed-at-830.html ; this test is rather easy; do not expect all tests to be so easy.

❏ Read section 3.1, take notes as you read and answer the questions. Define: Taxonomy - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Species - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Scientific name - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Memorize: (a quiz should be expected)Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Complete the chart for important characteristics: Bacteria Protista Fungi Planate Animalia

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Life Science Homework

❑ Prepare for your lab: read and print the following lab.

Example: Example: Example: Example: Example:

Bacteria Protista Fungi Planate Animalia

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Life Science Homework

Lab: Observing epithelial cells

Purpose: ___________________________________________________________

Hypothesis: _________________________________________________________

Materials: microscope, slide, slide cover, eye dropper, toothpick, methylene blue

Procedure:1. Gather your materials. 2. One lab partner: open your mouth and use a toothpick to gently scrape the inside of your cheek.3. Place the material you scraped from your mouth on the center of the slide. Add a drop of methylene blue and place the cover slip on the slide.

4. Place your slide on the stage and view it under the lowest magnification. You may need to move the slide around a bit. When you think you see some cells, switch to the medium magnification and then, if necessary, the high magnification.

5. Draw a picture of one or two of the cells you see.

6. Clean up; wash your hands!

Drawing:

Write your conclusion on a separate sheet of paper.

______ magnification ______ magnification ______ magnification

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Life Science Homework

Due September 28

❏ Complete the lab report. Pay attention to the conclusion. It should be a complete paragraph with scientific words defined. You may use the one we wrote in class.

❑ Read section 3.2, take notes and answer the questions.

Dichotomous key - ______________________________________________________________________

1. How many choices are given in a dichotomous key? __________________________

2. Does a dichotomous key start off with a broad fact or specific one? ______________

3. What types of animals are dichotomous keys usually used to identify? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

❑ Complete the vocabulary section and concepts section for the chapter assessment on pages 57 - 58. You may use your book. We will check the answers in class.

❏ Prepare for your lab: read and print out the following lab. Read page 66 in Illustrated Guide to Home Biology Experiments.

Print and read over the lab.

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Life Science Homework

Lab: Preparing a Smear Mount slide and observing cellsPurpose: ______________________________________________________________Hypothesis: ____________________________________________________________Materials: Microscope, slides and slide covers, toothpick, distilled water, flame source

Procedure:1._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. Using the edge of a slide held at a 45 degree angle spread the specimen into a think

layer the same thickness as a coverslip.4. ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________________

Data:

Conclusion: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

Due October 5

❏ Complete the lab report.

❏ Complete the quiz for section 3.2 - it is on the website.

❏ ❏ Take the chapter 3 - study first!

❏ Read section 4.1 and take notes. Answer the questions:

Define:Element - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Compound - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Molecule - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Chemical reaction - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. What are the ‘building blocks’ for life? _____________________________________2. List the three elements that mostly make up your body. ____________________________________________________________________________________________3. Is the atmosphere alive? ________________________4. What is a substance called that contains two or more different elements that are

chemically joined? ____________________________________________________5. Fill in the chart:

element compound mixture

define

example

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Life Science Homework

6. How many elements are there? ________________________________________7. When 2 Hydrogen molecules are combined with 1 Oxygen molecule what are the

products? _________________________________________________________8. True or False. Life is basically a series of chemical reactions.9. List the three properties of water that help sustain life.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

❏ Prepare for your lab print and bring a copy:

draw

element compound mixture

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Life Science Homework

Lab: _______________________________________________

Purpose: ____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Hypothesis: __________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Materials: 6 Clear cups, Measuring cup,thermometer, 3 Alka-Seltzer tablets, stopwatch,

water, ice cubes, graph paper, measuring beakers

Procedure:

A. Hot Water

1 Run water from the hot tap until it is as hot as possible. Fill a clear glass with exactly 8 oz. of hot water.

2 Use the thermometer to take the temperature and record it on your data sheet.3 Remove 1 Alka-Seltzer tablet from its package. Drop it into water. Measure the time

required for tablet to fully dissolve. Be prepared to start and stop on time. The reaction will take less than 15 seconds. Record the time.

B. Room Temperature Water1 Fill a clear glass with exactly 8 oz. of room temperature or lukewarm water.

2 Use the thermometer to take the temperature and record it on your data sheet.3 Drop 1 Alka-Seltzer tablet into the water. Measure the time required for the reaction to be

completed. Record the time.C. Cold Water

1 Fill a clear glass with 4 oz. of water and add enough ice to adjust the level to 8 oz. Stir the ice water for about 15 seconds so the temperature will come to equilibrium.

2 Use the thermometer to take the temperature and record it on your data sheet. (Leave the ice cubes in the water!)

3 Drop 1 Alka-Seltzer tablet into the water. Measure the time required for the reaction to be completed. Record the time.

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Life Science Homework

Data:

Graph your results.

water temperature - C° Time - in seconds

Hot

Room

Cold

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Life Science Homework

Due October 12

❏ Complete lab report

❏ Complete the 4.1 quiz which can be found on the website.

❏ Read and take notes on section 4.2 and answer the questions.

❏ Biorama Project is due November 9 - information is on the website.

Define:Carbohydrates - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lipids - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Proteins - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Nucleic acids - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Life as we know it is ________________________________ which means that most of the compounds contain _____________________________________.

2. Carbon compounds are classified into four groups; list them (know them): ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. From where do you get the compounds that make up your cells? _______________4. Foods contain (3 things): _______________________________________________5. What elements make up carbohydrates?

____________________________________________________________________6. Carbohydrates are classified into groups: ______________ and ________________7. Which is longer of the two above? ________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

8. What elements make up lipids? __________________________________________9. Lipids include: ________, ___________, and _______________.10. What do lipids do for your cells? _________________________________________11.What lipid makes up part of the outer cell membrane of your cells.

____________________________________________________________________12.What molecules make up proteins? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________13. What is an enzyme? __________________________________________________14. What organ makes digestive enzymes? ___________________________________15. How many amino acids are used to make proteins? _________________________16. From what are nucleotide made? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________❏ Read section 4.3 and take notes. Then answer the questions: Ecosystem - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Habitat - ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. What is the biosphere? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. Each organism is made up of systems. What two things help define it?

____________________________________________________________________3. True or False An ecosystem includes only the living things. 4. List the physical variable for a land habitat._______________________________________________________________________________________________________5. List two reasons why soil is vital. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________6. Which allows for better drainage of water? Sand or Clay7. How much oxygen is in the air we breathe? ________________________________8. How much of earth’s surface does water cover? ____________________________9. What does pH measure? ______________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

10. What is a good amount of dissolved oxygen for most aquatic life? _____________11.What are the results of too much nitrate and phosphates on aquatic life?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. How many grams of salt are there per liter of seawater? ______________________13. Complete the chart for ocean zones:

❏Complete the Chapter Assessment vocabulary and concepts section. We will go over the answers in class. - You will get a 100% homework completion grade for completing this.

Depth range Sunlight Average temps

pressure

Sunlight zone

Twilight zone

Dark zone

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Life Science Homework

Name _________________________________

TESTING FOR ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN COMMON FOODS

PURPOSE: 1. To learn the chemical tests for certain organic molecules including sugars, starches, proteins,

and lipids. 2. To perform tests on known solutions of organic compounds to learn the positive tests for

these organic compounds. 3. To test several different foods of unknown composition to determine what organic

compounds they contain.

PROCEDURE:

PART I: DETERMINING THE POSITIVE TEST FOR AN ORGANIC COMPOUND

In part I, you will be testing known solutions to learn the positive tests for the various organic compounds. The positive test indicates that the compound is present. If the test is negative, the compound is not present. A color change usually indicates the positive test. If no change occurs, the test is negative.

Follow the instructions given below to test for starch, sugar, protein, fat, and vitamin C.

STARCH: Put one half inch of starch solution in a test tube. Add one drop of iodine. Observe.

What does the positive test for starch look like? __________________________

What would the negative test for starch look like? ________________________

GLUCOSE: Put one half inch of the glucose solution in a test tube. Add about 5-7 drops of Benedict's solution. Put the test tube in the hot water bath and heat until you observe a color change.

What does the positive test for glucose look like? __________________________

What would the negative test for glucose look like? ________________________

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Life Science Homework

PROTEIN: Put one half inch of the protein mixture in a test tube. Add 5-7 drops of Biuret solution. Slightly shake the tube. Observe.

What does the positive test for protein look like? __________________________

What would the negative test for protein look like? ________________________

FAT: Get a small piece of brown paper. At one side, smear a small drop of oil on the paper. On the other side of the paper, smear a drop of water. Wait until the small drop of water dries. Observe after the water dries.

What is the appearance of the paper where you put the oil? _________________________________________

What is the appearance of the paper where you put the water? _______________________________________ VITAMIN C: Put one half inch of the vitamin C solution in a test tube. Add 4 drops of indophenol. Observe.

What does the positive test for vitamin C look like? __________________________

What would the negative test for vitamin C look like? ________________________

Questions:

How will you test a food to see if it contains starch?

How will you test a food to see if it contains sugar?

How will you test a food to see if it contains protein?

How will you test a food to see if it contains fat?

How will you test a food to see if it contains Vitamin?

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Life Science Homework

PART II: TESTING FOODS FOR ORGANIC MOLECULES

Test each food to see what organic compounds it contains. Fill in the data below as you go.

FINAL QUESTIONS:

1 Study your chart carefully. Did you find compounds in any of the test substances that you did not expect to find? If so, list the substance and give the compound you did not expect to find.

2 What two compounds were only found in animal cells? What two compounds were only found in plant cells?

Animals:

Food Starch Sugar Protein Fat Vitamin C

Milk

Egg White

Egg Yolk

Celery

Orange Juice

Potato

Cereal

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Life Science Homework

Plants:

3 Sometimes tests for organic molecules are difficult to perform. For example, the color of the materials to be tested can affect the validity of the test. What would be the problem in testing grape juice for protein?

4 What compound was found in nearly all of the foods tested? Account for this.

5 Your brown lunch bag has a large, translucent spot on the bottom. What explanation could you give for this occurrence?

6 What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

7 What are the building blocks of proteins?

8 What are the building blocks of fat?

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Life Science Homework

October 19

❏Complete Lab Report ❏ Complete the 4.2 - 4.3 quiz ❏ Study and take the chapter 4 test. ❏ Read section 5.1 and take notes and answer the questions. ❏ Biorama project - is due on November 9. Information is on the website.

Define:Producer- _____________________________________________________________

Consumer - ___________________________________________________________ Herbivore -____________________________________________________________ Carnivore - ____________________________________________________________ Omnivore - ____________________________________________________________ Decomposer - __________________________________________________________

Answer:

1. What is the first type of energy to enter an ecosystem? ________________________

2. Through what process does a plant use the sunʼs energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates? _____________________________________________

3. What is another word for producer? _______________________________________

4. What is a common producer in a tropical rainforest? __________________________

5. What is another word for consume? ______________________________________

6. What else could you call decomposers? “Natureʼs ___________________________”

7. List several nutrients that are cycled through the ecosystem. ___________________ _____________________________________________________________________

*** Copy the cycle on page 87 into your notes.

❑Read Section 5.2 and take notes and answer the questions.

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Life Science Homework

Define:Energy pyramid - ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Food Web - ______________________________________________________________________

Answer the questions:

1. What is the most plentiful member of a field ecosystem? _______________________

2. What is there always more of - producers or carnivore? _______________________

3. Some of the energy an herbivore eats becomes of part of its body; what happens to the rest? ___________________________________________________________

4. As you move up the food pyramid, does the amount of energy lost become greater or less (read this carefully, I am asking how much is lost)? ______________________

❏ Go to this website and complete the activity: http://glencoe.mheducation.com/sites/dl/free/0078757150/383926/BL_02.html

❏ Prepare for the lab - print out and read the following lab.

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Life Science Homework

Name ________________________

Title: Starburst Energy Pyramid

Introduction: When you eat dinner, how much of the food energy in the dinner goes to increase your biomass? 100% efficiency would mean that every pound you ate would add a pound to your weight. As you may know and be thankful for, this does not happen. Ecological efficiency refers to the percentage of energy passed on from one organism to the next in a food chain or pyramid. In this activity you will use a model to discover the amount of energy lost as it moves up the food chain.

Procedures: 1. Your teacher will assign you to play an important part in the food chain. Stand where directed. Make sure you understand how many steps you are allowed to take.

• Producers take no steps (just like trees) • Primary Consumers may take one step • Secondary Consumers may take two steps • Tertiary Consumers may take three steps

2. Make sure that you throw the candy over your shoulder and don’t look at where it is going. 3. Participate in the class discussion that takes place outdoors. 4. You may be asked to model the scenario again. 5. Record the data and answer the analysis questions.

Data:

Analysis:

Trophic Level Round 1 Round 2

Sun

Producer

1st Consumer

2nd Consumer

3rd Consumer

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Life Science Homework

1. What happened to the number of Starbursts (the energy) as they moved through the food chain?

2. To calculate the percentage of energy lost at each level, divide the energy that was available at the start (in this example, 20,126 Kcal) by the amount of energy on the level. In this example, the producer level has 100%, although you know that all the available sun energy has NOT been captured. The next level is calculated by dividing 1,996 by 20,126 and multiplying by 100%. Using a calculator and rounding off, 10% of the energy remains on this level. Fill in the boxes for the 2nd and tertiary consumers:

!

3. Calculate the percentage of energy transferred for our model:

! 3. Why is the box at the base of the food pyramid larger than the top level?

4. A huge portion of the energy in the world is lost. For example sunlight: only about 20% of the sunlight even makes it to plants and algae. Most of the energy from the

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Life Science Homework

sun is lost in space, reflected by clouds and water, or absorbed by the earth itself. How much energy is lost on average for the energy pyramids above?

5. Explain how ninety percent of the energy is lost from a cow before it ever even reaches you.

______________________________________________________________

As organisms die and decompose in the soil, their energy is not gone. For example, a dead tree can be cut and burned to produce heat, a different type of energy. Write three other example of dead organism providing energy long after it is gone.

1)_______________________________________________________________

2)_______________________________________________________________

3)_______________________________________________________________

6. The starburst demonstration was a model of how an energy pyramid can work. Like all models it has weaknesses that make it unrealistic in some respects, name at least one.

___________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

October 26 ❏Complete Lab report ❏Complete the quiz for sections 5.1 and 5.2. ❏ Your biorama project is due on November 9 and counts as a test grade ❏Read section 5:3 and answer the questions.

Define: Competition - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Predators - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Prey - ________________________________________________________________ Symbiosis - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Population - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Growth rate - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Pollutant - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

1. What happens when there is too much competition?

__________________________________________________________________

2. Explain the relationship between predator and prey.

__________________________________________________________________

3. Explain the relationship between animals that have a symbiotic relationship.

__________________________________________________________________

4. What does a population need to grow? ___________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. How can an invasive species change a population? __________________________

______________________________________________________________________

6. List the three things that often determine how harmful a pollutant can be.

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Life Science Homework

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

7. What happens when sulfur dioxide and water react? __________________________

______________________________________________________________________

8. Why is mercury harmful to an ecosystem? __________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

9. What can toxins cause? ________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

10. Why are the top members of the food chain more affected by toxins?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

11. How do scientists test water quality?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

12. What happens when nitrates and fertilizers end up in ponds or lakes?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

13. What should water measure on the pH scale? ______________________________

❏ complete the Chapter 5 assessment - the Vocabulary and Concepts sections only.

❏ print and read lab

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Life Science Homework

Water and Air Quality Testing Labs

Over the course of the next two weeks we will complete 9 experiments testing the air

and water quality near Church of the Apostles. Please dress accordingly: CLOSED TOE

SHOES MUST BE WORN. If you are not prepared for the lab, your grade will reflect it.

The labs vary greatly: some are partner work, some are small group work, some are

whole group work, some labs take minutes to complete, some labs take days to

complete.You are responsible for writing results for each and every lab. You will write

two complete lab reports for this lab - one each week. You will follow the procedure for

writing lab reports that we have discussed in class. Please take notes during class.

Permission Slip - You must bring this completed to class.

To be filled out by parent/guardian Please complete and return by: _________________________________

Student Name: ___________________________________________

___ My child has permission to attend the field trip. ___ My child does not have permission to attend the field trip.

CONSENT

If any emergency medical procedure/treatments are required by the student during the trip, I consent to the trip’s supervisor taking, arranging for, or consenting to the procedures or treatment at his or her discretion. I further release and waive any claim which I or any other person, firm, corporation, or entity may have or claim to have, known or unknown, directly or indirectly, from any losses, damages or injuries arising out of, during, or in connection with the student’s participation in the activity, any trip associated with the activity, or the rendering or emergency medical procedures/treatment, if any. ______________________________________ ______________ Signature(s) of Parent(s) or Guardian(s) Date

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Life Science Homework

November 2

❏Complete one Lab Report with the data you have collected.

❏Take the chapter 5 test

❏ work on your biorama which is due on November 9 and counts as a test grade

❏ Read section 6.1 and answer the questions.

Define:

climate -

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

biome -

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

1. What does weather describe?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. What do we call the changes in these conditions?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

3. How many biomes does earth have? ________ List them _____________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

4. What is relative humidity?

______________________________________________________________________

____________ and to what is it related? _____________________________________

5. Why are temperatures hottest near the equator and colder at the poles?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

6. What are variables that affect climate? _____________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

7. How is a biome characterized?

______________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

8. How have Jackrabbits adapted to the heat of the desert?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

❑Read section 6.2 and answer the questions.

Define:

Desert - _______________________________________________________________

grassland - ____________________________________________________________

1. Where are most deserts found? _________________________________________

2. How much more solar radiation do desert receive? _________________________

3. Why does the Sahara and Australian deserts receive so little rain?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

4. Why does the desert in eastern Washington receive little rain?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

5. What is a fog desert and where is one?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

6. What continent does not have grasslands? ________________________________

7. What two seasons occur in savannas?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

8. What event usually follows the drought season? ____________________________

9. What does that keep from growing? ______________________________________

10.How do small mammals survive the fires?

___________________________________________________________________

11. Where do temperate grassland thrive?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

12. When do they receive most of their rainfall and how much rain?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

❑ We will continue working on our air and water testing lab from last week.

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Life Science Homework

November 9

❑Complete one lab report - make sure it is neat and complete. Redo any parts that are

sloppy.

❑Complete the quiz for 6.1 - 6.2

❑Your ‘biorama’ is due November 9. Twenty points will be deducted to any project

turned in on November 16th, and a zero will be given to any project not turned in by

November 16.

❑ Read section 6.3 and answer the questions.

Define:

temperate deciduous forest - _____________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

deciduous - __________________________________________________________

tropical rainforest - _____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

1. What is the range of temperatures in temperate forests? ___________________

rainfall? _________________

2. List common trees of this forest. _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

3. Between what degrees latitudes would one find tropical rainforests? ____________

4. What is the average rainfall in a rainforest? _____________ temperature? _______

5. What percentage of the earth do tropical rainforests cover? ___________________

6. How much of the world’s animal and plant species are found there? ___________

7. How do trees keep the temperature cooler? _______________________________

____________________________________________________________________

8. What happens as the rainforest is destroyed? _______________________________

______________________________________________________________________

9. List the ways that temperate rainforests are different from tropical rainforests?

______________________________________________________________________

_________________________AND how are they different from temperate forests?

______________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

______________________________________________________________________

❏Read section 6.4 and answer the questions.

Define:

taiga - ________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

tundra - _______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

1. What others names can one call a taiga?

___________________________________________________________________

2. Between what latitudes does the taiga fall in the northern hemisphere?

___________________________________________________________________

3. What is the average temperature for at least 6 months of the year?

______________ how does this impact animal life? __________________________

______________________________________________________________________

4. What is the most common tree found in the taiga? ___________________________

5. How does the cone shape help the trees survive? ____________________________

______________________________________________________________________

6. Explain how a thick layer of snow acts as an insulator.

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

7. What does the word tundra mean in Finnish? _______________________________

8. What are the two types of tundra?

______________________________________________________________________

9. How long is the growing season in the tundra? ______________________________

10. What is permafrost and from what depth does it occur?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

11. Why don’t trees grow in the tundra?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

12. What does permafrost store?___________________________________________

13. Explain the process.

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

14. Where would one find an alpine tundra?

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

15. Describe the weather conditions of an alpine tundra.

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

❑complete the chapter 6 assessment; we will go over the answers in class (I will give

you 100% for completion)

❑ There is no lab this week. Instead you will present your projects.

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Life Science Homework

November 16

❑ complete the quiz for 6.3 - 6.4 - not open notes

❑ Read section 7.1 and answer the questions.

Define:Cell theory - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Cell membrane - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Organelle - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Cytoplasm - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ prokaryotic cell - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Eukaryotic cell - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Answer:1. How are all cells similar? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________2. Who discovered cells? _________________ when? __________________________3. Which two scientists concluded all plants and animals are made of cells? ____________________________________________________________________4. About how many different types of specialized cells make up the tissues and organsof your body? _____________5. Copy the chart- figure 7.5 on page 140 below

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Life Science Homework

6. Draw an example of a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell with four parts labeled (on page 140).

❑ Read section 7.2 and answer the questions. Define:Mitochondria - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Vacuole - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Endoplasmic reticulum - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Ribosome - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Golgi body - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Lysosome - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Cytoskeleton - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Chloroplast - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Cell wall - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Answer:Science Homework

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Life Science Homework

1. What does the cell membrane do? ____________________________________________________________________2. What is the cell membrane made of? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________3. What is the “control center” of a cell? ______________________________________4. What acts as a storage area for material that are used by other organelles? ____________________________________________________________________5. What are called the “powerhouses” of cells? ________________________________and they can only work if they have _______________________________________.6. What is the storage area of the cell? ________________________; how many doplants have? ________ What is stored there? ______________________7. What is a series of tunnels that transport proteins form one part of a cell to another? ____________________________________________________________________8. What are the little bumps on top of the ER? ______________ What do the make? ______________________9. What do the Golgi bodies do? __________________________________________10. Which cell would have more Golgi bodies - skin cells or cells found in your stomach?________________ why? ____________________________________________________________________11.What can lysosome pick up? ____________________________________________12.What provides structure to the cell? _______________________________________13. What do plant cells have that animal cells do not? (3 things) ____________________________________________________________________

❏Complete the section assessment. We will go over it in class (you get 100% for completion).

❏ Print and read the following lab.❏Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cj8dDTHGJBY❑Read pages 217 - 219 in Illustrated Guide to Home Biology

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Life Science Homework

Lab: Observing Specialized Eukaryotic CellsPurpose: Our purpose today is to observe eukaryotic cells. Hypothesis: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Materials: forceps, slides, eosin Y, Gramʼs iodine, Huckerʼs crystal violet, Methylene blue, Safranin O, Suddan III, ______________, _______________, _____________Procedure:**work with a partner and have one make the onion slide and the other the Elodea1. Obtain a fresh onion or Elodea leaf scale. Snap it in two by bending it in half to leavethe epidermal side (moist) exposed. At the broken edge of the scale, the epidermisshould be visible and paper thin.2. Use the forceps to gently pull a small portion of the epidermis being careful to notcrush, fold, or wrinkle it; transfer the a piece of the epidermis and make a wet mountslide.3. Observe under the microscope and observe at different magnification. Look and notefor organelles and cell structures such as the nucleus and the nuclear envelope, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuoles, and plastids. Sketch and label what you observed.4. Repeat step 2 using methylene blue stain. After you have positioned your cover slip, place one drop of methylene blue stain at the edge of the coverslip. Use the corner of a paper towel at the opposite edge of the coverslip to draw the stain under the coverslip. Allow the stain to work for several minutes to penetrate the cell. While you wait prepare the next set of slides.5. Repeat step 4 using eosin Y, Gramʼs iodine, Huckerʼs crystal violet, safranin O, and Sudan III stains.6. Observe the slides under the microscope and note which cell structures are stained by each stain. Sketch your observations.7. Compare and contrast your results.Conclusion:Write on another sheet of paper. Include your illustrations. Go back and re-read the lab in the Illustrated Guide To Home Biology Experiments.

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Life Science Homework

Due November 30

❑Complete your lab report. Pay careful attention to the structure of the lab; you will be responsible for more and more on your own.

❑Complete the quiz for 7.1 - 7.2

❑Study and complete the chapter 7 test. (It is hard!)

❑Read section 8.1 and answer the questions.

Define:Diffusion - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Osmosis - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Active transport - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Answer:1. What is a cell membrane compared to in the first paragraph? _________________What characteristics do the two share? ____________________________________________________________________2. List the three functions of the cell membrane. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________3. Lipids form a _________ layer which creates a ________ , ___________ layer.4. What can move around within this layer?______________________________5. What do some of the carbohydrates serve as? ___________________________ sothey can _______________ each other.6. How much of the cytoplasm is water? ___________________________________7. What must there be for diffusion to occur? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________8. When will diffusion not occur? ___________________________________________9. When you put a cell in a solution one of three things might occur - list them? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

10.What happens if animal cells take in too much water? ________________________; what happens to plant cells? ____________ why? ____________________________________________________________________11. Does diffusion or osmosis require energy from the cell? ______________________ 12.How do larger molecules like sugars, starches, and proteins diffuse? _____________________________________________________________________________________ does it require energy? _______________________________ 13.Does active transport require energy? _________14.Describe how active transport works. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Explain how a cell can take in larger food particles by engulfing them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Why are cells so small? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

❑ Read section 8.2 and answer the questions. Define:Color - ________________________________________________________________ Pigment - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Chlorophyll - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Cellular Respiration - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ATP - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Answer:1. Where does the plant cell convert energy; where does photosynthesis occur? ___________________________________________________________________2. What do plants use to make glucose? _______________ and __________________and it only occurs in the presence of ______________________________________.3. What are the colors that make up sunlight called? ___________________________4. What are two forms of light we cannot see? _________________________________and ________________________________________________________________5. How do we describe waves; by their ______________________________________6. Red light has the ___________ energy and _____________ has the highest.7. Why do plants look green? ____________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

____________________________________________________________________8. Study the figure 8.8. Explain it. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________9. Why do leaves change color? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

10. What does your digestive break food down into? __________________________11. Your cells then convert those molecules into a form of _____________ they can use.12. What is cellular respiration?____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ where does it take place? ____________________________________________________________________13. How is the respiration of breathing similar to cellular respiration? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________14. Where is energy stored? ________________________________________________15. Why is your body warm? _______________________________________________

❑ EXTRA CREDIT - complete the potato experiment on page 172 and write a lab report (+5 on your lowest test grade)❏ Print and read the lab carefully.

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Life Science Homework

Lab title: Observing Osmosis Lab

Purpose: To observe osmosis through diffusion.Background: Diffusion is defined as the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane is known as osmosis. Selectively permeable means that some molecules can move through a membrane and others cannot. Movement through membranes is called transport. Diffusion and osmosis are passive forms of transport which means they do not need energy to move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Active transport require energy. Gummy bears are a candy made of gelatin, starch, and sugar.

In this lab we will soak gummy bears in different liquids: water, distilled water, and salt water.

Hypothesis: If gummy bears are soaked in different solutions, then the gummy bear soaked in tap water will… (complete for distilled and salt)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Materials: gummy bears, plastic cups, metric ruler, distilled water, tap water, saturated salt solution, paper towels, scale, tape, pencil

Procedure:1. The day before the teacher will have measured and weighed the gummy bears and

recorded it. She will then place the gummy bears in the carefully measured solution to soak for 24 hours.

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Life Science Homework

2. The next day, the gummy bears will be carefully removed from the solution and placed on a paper towel.

3. Students will carefully measure the bears in centimeters and find the volume. 4. Students will carefully weigh the bears and paper towel. Then remove the bear from

the paper towel and subtract the difference to find the true weight of the bear in grams.

Data:

Now calculate the percent change in volume after each step.

% change in volume = Final volume - starting volume x 100 starting volume

Repeat for change in weight using the same formula but substituting weight for volume.

Using graph paper make a bar graph.

Conclusion: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Tap Water Distilled Water Salt Water

Starting bear’s volume

Starting bear's weight

Finished bear’s volume

Finished bear's weight

Tap water Distilled water Salt water

% change in volume

% change in weight

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Life Science Homework

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Extra credit: Complete the experiment at home using tap water and a sugar solution. You will need to write a lab report entirely on your own to earn +5 on a test grade.

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Life Science Homework

Due December 7❑ Complete the science lab❑Complete the 8.1 - 8.2 quiz❑ Complete the section review for chapter 8. Check your answers below. ❑ Take the chapter 8 test - it is hard - study!❑ Read section 9.1 and answer the questions.

Define:Protozoan - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Ciliate - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Amoebas - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Flagellates - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Sporozoans - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Parasite - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Answer:1. A protozoa is a single-celled __________________ meaning that it has some animal- like characteristics.2. What type of environment do protozoans need to live in? ___________________ such as? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________3. What happens to them when they dry out? ________________________________ then what happens if they return to moist conditions? ________________________4. In what kingdom are they most often placed? _____________________________5. Draw and label figure 9.3 and tell what each part does.6. Explain how they move? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________7. Explain how they eat? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________8. Draw and label figure 9.4 and tell what each part does. 9. How are sporozoan different from other protozoans? ____________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

____________________________________________________________________10. Where does a parasite live? ____________________________________________________________________

❑ Print and read the lab.

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Life Science Homework

9A Protozoans What are the characteristics of protozoans? Most organisms in the Kingdom Protozoa consist of a single cell. How do these organisms move and gather food? In this investigation, you will examine amoeba, paramecium and euglena using the light microscope. You will observe their movement and characteristics. You will also develop a hypothesis about how each organisms gets food. Materials • Pond water • Depression slides • Coverslips • Corn syrup • Light microscope • Toothpicks • Dropper • Procedure:1. Place two drops of water into the chamber of the depression slide.2. Slowly place a dropper into the pond water. Be sure to place the dropper at the bottomof the culture since the amoeba will be located at the bottom of the jar.3. Remove the dropper and place a single drop of the water into the chamber of your compression slide.4. Carefully, place a cover slip on top of the chamber and place under the microscope. Usingyour medium power, bring the amoeba into view5. Once you have found the amoeba, switch to your high-power objective.6. Make a sketch of what you observe under the microscope.7. Observe the movement of the amoeba and record your observations.8. Repeat with drawing samples from the mid section and again with a sample from near the top. 9. Your goal is to find 3 Protozoans. You may need to observe other students’ slides.

Thinking about what you observed a.Describe the way each organism (amoeba, paramecium, and euglena) moves. Which ones have structures for movement? Do those structures look like?b. Do any of the organisms have a structure that resembles a mouth? Make a hypothesis about how each organism feeds.

(you will need to use this lab and write a lab report with a title, purpose, hypothesis, materials, procedure, data, and conclusion on your own; hopefully you took notes in class)

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Life Science Homework

Answers to the chapter 8 assessment:

Vocabulary - 1. active transport 2. osmosis 3. diffusion 4. ATP 5. photosynthesis6. chlorophyll 7. cellular respiration 8. pigment.

1. Check your sketch with the one on page 156. 2. Carbohydrates that are attached to some proteins face outward and serve “ID” cards so cells

can recognize each other. 3. Diffusion is the passive process of water and other materials passing through semipermeable

membrane. Osmosis is the passive diffusion of only water passing through a semipermeable membrane (like a cell membrane). In both, molecules travel from a higher concentration to a lower concentration and do not use ATP energy.

4. a. diffusion b. osmosis (could be diffusion) c. diffusion d. Active Transport e. osmosis or diffusion f. diffusion5. The chlorophyll in the chloroplasts reflects green light and appears green. 6. When you breathe in, you are taking in oxygen that is needed for cellular respiration. When you exhale, you are getting rid of carbon dioxide and water, the products of cellular respiration. 7. Yes, plants need to carry out cellular respiration so they can get carbon dioxide in their system to carry out photosynthesis. 8.

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

Definition Process where plants use sunlight to produce high energy molecules

process where high energy molecules are converted into a form of energy that cells can use

Reactants Carbon Dioxide, Water, Light glucose and oxygen

Products glucose carbon dioxide and water

Organisms that perform process

plants animals

Where it occurs chlorplasts mitochondria

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Life Science Homework

Due December 14❑Complete the lab (you are writing the full lab report like you have been in filling in all year)❑ Read section 9.2 and answer the questionsDefine:Bacteria - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Photosynthetic bacteria - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Anaerobic bacteria - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Aerobic bacteria - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Answer:1. What kind of cell are bacteria cells? _____________________________ meaning they do not have a ___________________________ and their cell was is ________.2. Where are archaebacteria found? ____________________________________________________________________3. How many times larger are eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells? ______________________________4. How are bacteria described? ____________________________________________Science homework weeks 12 - 16Complete:

6. How do bacteria move? ____________________________________________________________________7. List the ways that bacteria attain their food. ____________________________________________________________________8. What does “anaerobic” mean? ___________________________________________9. Where can you find anaerobic bacteria still today? ___________________________10. How is bacteria helpful? ____________________________________________________________________

cocci baccilli spirilla

shape

example

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Life Science Homework

____________________________________________________________________11. How does bacteria aid in in the nutrient cycle? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________12. List some harmful effects of bacteria. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

❑Read section 9.3 and answer the questionsDefine:Virus - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Host cell - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Immune system - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Antibodies - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Vaccine - ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Answer:1. A virus is made of ______________________ and __________________________2. Is a virus a cell? _______3. What does a virus do? _________________________________________________4. How much smaller is a virus compared to bacteria? __________________________5. What are the two ways a virus attach to a host cell? ____________________________________________________________________6. Once inside, the viral DNA changes the function of the cell and now the cell becomesa ___________________ to produce new _________________________7. What is the most common ʻtrickʼ that viruses use to get past the cell wall? ___________________________________________________________________8. What protects your body from unfamiliar objects like bacteria and viruses? ___________________________________________________________________9. How does a fever help? ____________________________________________________________________10.Once your body recognizes a virus, what does it make? ____________________________________________________________________

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Life Science Homework

11. Explain how a vaccine works? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________12. Why is there a new flu vaccine each year? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

❏ Complete the chapter 9 assessment; we will check it in class. ❏ The lab is a surprise this week. You will be responsible for writing a full lab report. I

will give you the information in class.

Our next class is in 2017! Your chapter 9 test and lab report are due your first day back; be wise and get it done before the break!!!