dtm phuc thang chinh sua

8/6/2019 DTM Phuc Thang Chinh Sua

1/98

MC LC

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2/98

DANH MC CC THUT NG VIT TT

BOD5 - Nhu cu oxy sinh ha o 200C o trong 5 ngy

CBCNV - Cn b cng nhn vin

CHXHCN - Cng ha x hi ch ngha

COD - Nhu cu oxy ha hc

CTCC - Cng trnh cng cng

CTNH - Cht thi nguy hi

DO - xy ha tan

EC - dn in

T - ng tnhTM - nh gi tc ng mi trng

MPN - S ln nht c th m c (phng php xc nh vi sinh)

NTU - n v o c

PCCC - Phng chy cha chy

Pt Co - n v o mu (thang mu Pt Co)

QCVN - Quy chun Vit Nam

SS - Cht rn l lng

TCVN - Tiu chun Vit Nam

UBND - y ban Nhn dn

WB - Ngn hng th gii

WHO - T chc Y t Th gii

VOC - Cht hu c bay hi

XD - Xy dng

XLNT - X l nc thi

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3/98

M U

1. Xut x ca D n

a) Tm tt xut x ca D n

Cng vi s pht trin v nh hng pht trin kinh t x hi ca c nc

trong giai on cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc. Bnh Dng l tnh c s thu

ht u t mnh m trong v ngoi nc vi nhiu loi hnh kinh t sn xut, kinh

doanh, dch v mang li hiu qu kinh t cao cho tnh nh. Kinh t ngy cng pht

trin i sng ca ngi dn ngy cng nng cao, nhu cu s dng nhng sn phm

tin dng ngy cng tng, c bit l cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng.

T nhng yu cu th trng v kh nng nguyn liu di do phong ph (nhpkhu nc ngoi v trong nc), ngnh sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh,

g gia dng xut khu khng nhng m rng m cn chuyn hng a dng cc mt

hng, nng cao cht lng to ra cc sn phm c gi tr cao, tng bc chuyn cc

mt hng truyn thng nh hin nay sang xut khu mt hng cao cp tm kim th

trng mi, xut khu ra cc nc trn th gii.

Trc nhng thun li , Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng tin hnh u t

Nh my sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m ngh, g gia dng cng sut

120.000 sn phm/nm ti KCN Sng Thn 2nhm sn xut ra cc mt hng cht

lng cao vi mu m p v hin i, tng cng sc cnh tranh, gia tng th phn

ca Cng ty trn th trng khu vc v quc t.

Chp hnh Lut bo v mi trng do Quc hi Nc Cng ha X hi Ch

ngha Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005; Ngh nh s

29/2011/N CP ngy 18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph v quy nh nh gi mi trng

chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng. Thng t s

05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic

hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v

cam kt bo v mi trng. D n phi lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng trnh

Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng thm nh, ph duyt.

b) C quan, t chc c thm quyn ph duyt D n u t

Cn c theo Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCNVit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005, Ngh nh s 108/2006/N CP ngy

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4/98

22/09/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca

Lut u t; Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc CHXHCN Vit

Nam thng qua ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003; Ngh nh 12/2009/N CP ngy

10/02/2009 ca Chnh ph v qun l d n u t xy dng cng trnh; Ngh nh s

29/2008/N CP ngy 14/03/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh v KCN, khu ch xut v

khu kinh t; Thng t 08/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v

Mi trng quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng ngh cao,

khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip; Quyt nh s 751/TTg ngy 15/11/1995ca

Th tng Chnh ph v vic thnh lp Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh

Dng; Quyt nh s 19/2008/Q UBND ngy 12/06/2008ca UBND tnh Bnh

Dng v vic quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca Ban

qun l cc Khu cng nghip Bnh Dng. Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng phi

lp D n u t trnh Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh Dng thm nh, ph duyt.

2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng

(TM)

2.1. Cn c php lut v vn bn k thut

Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 c Quc hi Nc

CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005; Lut t ai s 13/2003/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam

thng qua ngy 26/11/2003;

Lut Xy dng s 16/2003/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit

Nam thng qua ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2003;

Lut Ti nguyn nc s 08/1998/QH10 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN

Vit Nam thng qua ngy 20/05/1998 v Ch tch nc CHXHCN Vit

Nam k lnh cng b ngy 01/06/1998;

Lut u t s 59/2005/QH11 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam

thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005;

Lut Ha cht s 06/2007/QH12 c Quc hi Nc CHXHCN Vit Nam

thng qua ngy 21 thng 11 nm 2007;

Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut ngy 29 thng 06 nm 2006;

Lut Phng chy cha chy do Quc hi nc Cng ha X hi Ch nghaVit Nam ban hnh ngy 29/06/2001;

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5/98

Ngh nh s 43/2010/N CP ngy 15/04/2010 ca Chnh ph v ng k

kinh doanh;

Ngh nh s 80/2006/N CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic

Quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi

trng;

Ngh nh s 21/2008/N CP ngy 28/2/2008 ca Chnh ph v Sa i,

b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N CP ngy 09 thng 08

nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh

mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 29/2011/N CP ngy 18/04/2011 ca Chnh ph v quy nh

v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam kt

bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 108/2008/N CP ngy 07/10/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh

chi tit v hng dn mt s iu ca Lut Ha cht 2007;

Ngh nh s 90/2009/N CP ngy 20/10/2009 ca Chnh ph v vic quy

nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong hot ng ho cht;

Ngh nh s 59/2007/N CP ca Chnh ph v qun l cht thi rn ban

hnh ngy 09/04/2007; Ngh nh s 174/2007/N CP ngy 29/11/2007 ca Chnh ph v ph bo

v mi trng i vi cht thi rn;

Ngh nh s 117/2009/N CP ngy 31/12/2009 ca Chnh ph v x pht

vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng;

Ngh nh s 88/2007/N CP ngy 28/5/2007 ca Chnh ph quy nh v

thot nc th v khu cng nghip;

Ngh nh s 29/2008/N CP ngy 14/3/2008 ca Chnh ph quy nh v

khu cng nghip, khu ch xut v khu kinh t;

Thng t s 09/2009/TT BXD ngy 21/5/2009 quy nh chi tit thc hin

mt s ni dung ca Ngh nh s 88/2007/N CP ngy 28/5/2007 ca

Chnh ph v thot nc th v khu cng nghip;

Thng t s 05/2008/TT BTNMT ngy 08/12/2008 ca B Ti nguyn v

Mi trng v vic hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc,nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng;

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6/98

Thng t s 08/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 15/7/2009 ca B Ti nguyn v

Mi trng quy nh qun l v bo v mi trng khu kinh t, khu cng

ngh cao, khu cng nghip v cm cng nghip;

Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B trng B Ti

nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi;

Thng t s 04/2009/TT BYT ngy 17 thng 06 nm 2009 v vic Ban

hnh quy chun k thut v cht lng nc n ung;

Thng t s 05/2009/TT BYT ngy 17 thng 06 nm 2009 v vic Ban

hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc sinh hot;

Thng t s 16/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 07 thng 10 nm 2009 v vic

Quy nh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Thng t s 25/2009/TT BTNMT ngy 16 thng 11 nm 2009 v vic Ban

hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Thng t s 39/2010/TT BTNMT ngy 16 thng 12 nm 2010 v vic

Quy nh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B Y

t v vic Ban hnh 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 05 nguyn tc v 07

thng s v sinh lao ng; Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B

Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v

mi trng;

Quyt nh s 04/2008/Q BTNMT ngy 18 thng 07 nm 2008 v vic

Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Quyt nh s 16/2008/Q BTNMT ngy 31 thng 12 nm 2008 v vic

Ban hnh quy chun k thut quc gia v mi trng;

Quyt nh s 751/TTg ngy 15/11/1995 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic

thnh lp Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng;

Quyt nh s 19/2008/Q UBND ngy 12/06/2008 ca UBND tnh Bnh

Dng v vic Ban hnh quy nh chc nng nhim v, quyn hn v c

cu t chc ca Ban Qun l cc khu cng nghip tnh Bnh Dng;

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7/98

2.2. Tiu chun, quy chun p dng

TCVSL 3733/2002/Q BYT ngy 10/10/2002 : Cht lng mi trng

khng kh trong khu vc sn xut.

QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc

sinh hot.

QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng

khng kh xung quanh.

QCVN 06 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v mt s cht

c hi trong khng kh xung quanh.

QCVN 07 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ngng cht

thi nguy hi.

QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng

nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c.

QCVN 20 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v kh thi cng

nghip i vi mt s cht hu c.

QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi

cng nghip.

QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.2.3. Ngun ti liu v d liu tham kho

Cc ti liu k thut ca T chc Y t Th gii (WHO) v Ngn hng

Th gii (WB) v xy dng Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.

Trn Ngc Chn. nhim khng kh v x l kh thi. Nh xut bn

khoa hc k thut, H Ni 3/2001.

Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 1 : Rapid

Inventory techniques in Environmental Pollution, WHO, Geneva 1993.

Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution, Part 2 :

Approaches for consideration in fomulating Environmental control

strategies, WHO, Geneva 1993.

Standard methods for water and waste water examination, New York,

1989.

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8/98

WHO (1979), Sulphur oxides and suspended particulate matter.

Environmental Health Criteria Document No.8, World health

Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Water Resources Engineering. Mc Graw Hill International Editions;

Air pollution control engineering. Noel De nevers. Mc Graw Hill

International Editions.

Society of automotive engineers. Exterior sound level measurement

procedue for powered mobile construction equipment SAE recommended

practice J188a, 1976.

Society of automotive engineers. Exterior sound level for engine

powered equipment SAE recommended practice J188a, 1976.

US. Department of transportation, Federal Highway Administration

FHWA roadway construction noise model users guide. FHWA HEP

05 054, January 2006.

Cc Website : http://www.nea.gov.vn.

2.4.Ngun ti liu, d liu do Ch d n to lp

D n u t ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.

3. Cc phng php s dng trong qu trnh nh gi tc ng mi trngThc hin bo co TM cho d n, Chng ti kt hp nhiu phng php

khc nhau. Bi v, mi phng php u c nhng u nhc im ring, khi kt hp

li s gip cho qu trnh nh gi cc tc ng mi trng pht sinh trong qu trnh

trin khai i vo hot ng ca d n. T , Chng ti c th nhn din v nh gi

ton din cc tc ng c th xy ra. C th, cc phng php s dng trong qu

trnh thc hin TM v lp bo co TM bao gm :

3.1. Phng php nhn dng

M t h thng mi trng.

Xc nh cc thnh phn ca d n nh hng n mi trng.

Nhn dng y cc dng thi, cc vn mi trng c lin quan

phc v cho cng tc nh gi chi tit.

3.2. Phng php iu tra, kho st hin trng

Kho st hin trng l iu bt buc khi thc hin cng tc TM xc nhhin trng khu t thc hin d n nhm lm c s cho vic o c, ly mu phn tch

8
http://www.nea.gov.vn/http://www.nea.gov.vn/


9/98

cng nh lm c s cho vic nh gi v xut cc bin php kim sot v gim

thiu nhim mi trng, chng trnh qun l mi trng, gim st mi trng,...

Do vy, qu trnh kho st hin trng cng chnh xc v y th qu trnh nhn

dng cc i tng b tc ng cng nh xut cc bin php gim thiu cc tc

ng cng chnh xc, thc t v kh thi.

3.3. Phng php o c, thu mu v phn tch mu

Vic ly mu v phn tch mu ca cc thnh phn mi trng l khng

th thiu trong vic xc nh v nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng

nn ti khu vc trin khai d n.

Sau khi kho st hin trng, chng trnh ly mu v phn tch mu s

c lp ra vi ni dung chng trnh nh : V tr ly mu, thng s o

c v phn tch, nhn lc, thit b v dng c cn thit, thi gian thc

hin, k hoch bo qun mu, k hoch phn tch,...

Cc phng php o c, thu mu v phn tch mu p dng cho tng

thnh phn mi trng (t, nc, khng kh,...) c trnh by r trong

phn ph lc.

3.4. Phng php phn tch h thng

y l phng php c p dng kh ph bin trong mi trng.

u im ca phng php ny l nh gi ton din cc tc ng, rt

hu ch trong vic nhn dng cc tc ng v ngun thi.

Xem xt cc ngun thi, ngun gy tc ng, i tng b tc ng,...

nh cc phn t trong mt h thng c mi quan h cht ch vi nhau. T

, xc nh, phn tch v nh gi cc tc ng.

3.5. Phng php lit k

c s dng kh ph bin (k t khi c C quan bo v mi trng quc gia ra

i mt s nc NEPA) v mang li nhiu kt qu kh quan do c nhiu u im

nh trnh by cch tip cn r rng, cung cp tnh h thng trong sut qu trnh phn

tch v nh gi h thng. Bao gm hai loi chnh :

Bng lit k m t : Lit k cc thnh phn mi trng cn nghin cu

cng vi cc thng tin v o c, d on v nh gi.

Bng lit k n gin : Lit k cc thnh phn mi trng cn nghincu c kh nng b tc ng.

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10/98

3.6. Phng php so snh

y l phng php khng th thiu trong cng tc TM, c s dng rng ri

trn th gii. Thng thng phng php ny c hai cch tip cn :

So snh vi gi tr quy nh trong tiu chun, quy chun.

So snh vi cc s liu o c thc t vi cc D n tng t.

3.7. Phng php nh gi nhanh

y l phng php ph bin trong cng tc TM.

Phng php ny rt hu dng xc nh nhanh v d bo hm lng v ti

lng cc cht nhim (khng kh, nc,...) da trn cc s liu c c t D n.

Phng php ny s dng cc h s pht thi c thng k bi cc c quan,

t chc v chng trnh c uy tn ln trn th gii nh T chc Y t Th gii (WHO),

C quan bo v mi trng ca m (USEPA), Chng trnh kim k cht thi ca c

(National Pollutant Inventory NPI).

3.8. Phng php k tha v tng hp s liu

y l phng php khng th thiu trong cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng

ni ring v cng tc nghin cu khoa hc ni chung.

K tha cc nghin cu v bo co c l thc s cn thit v khi s k tha

c cc kt qu t trc , ng thi pht trin tip nhng mt cn hn ch vtrnh nhng sai lm.

Tham kho cc ti liu, c bit l ti liu chuyn ngnh lin quan n d n, c

vai tr quan trng trong vic nhn dng v phn tch cc tc ng lin quan n hot

ng ca D n.

3.9. Phng php chuyn gia

Cc chuyn gia thuc nhiu lnh vc khc nhau (ti nguyn, qun l mi trng,

k thut mi trng, bn hc, chuyn ngnh sinh thi,...) s dng kin thc chuyn

mn ca mnh nhn dng, phn tch, nh gi cc tc ng c th ca D n.

4. T chc thc hin TM

Bo co TM cho D n : Nh mysn xut cc sn phm g th cng m

ngh, g gia dng cng sut 120.000 sn phm/nmdo Cng ty TNHH Sn xut

Phc Thng lm Ch u t c s t vn ca Cng ty TNHH Mi Trng Vn

Tng.Cc thng tin v n v t vn : Cng ty TNHH Mi Trng Vn Tng

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11/98

a ch : 69/7 Phan Vn Hn, P. Tn Thi Nht, Q.12,

Tp.HCM

i din : Th.S Trn Cao Tng

Chc v : Gim c

in thoi : 08. 35921486 0983355117

Fax : 08. 35921538

Bng 1 : Danh sch nhng ngi trc tip tham gia lp bo co TM cho d n

Stt Danh sch Chc v, n v Chuyn mn

1 Richard Forwood Gim c Cng ty TNHH Sn

xut Phc Thng

-

2 Th.S Trn Cao Tng Gim c Cng ty TNHHMi trng Vn Tng

Thc s miTrng

3 CN. Nguyn Th Minh Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH

Mi trng Vn Tng

C nhn mi

trng

4 CN. Trn Hu Phc Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH

Mi trng Vn Tng

C nhn mi

trng5 CN. Nguyn Th Din Nhn vin Cng ty TNHH

Mi trng Vn Tng

C nhn mi

trngCng vi cc thnh vin khc

11


12/98

CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N

1.1.Tn d n

NH MY SN XUT CC SN PHM G TH CNG M NGH, G

GIA DNG CNG SUT 120.000 SN PHM/NM

1.2. Ch d n

Ch d n : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.

Tn giao dch : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng.

Tn vit tt : PTC., LTD.

a ch : S 8, ng s 22, KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng.

Loi hnh doanh nghip : Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin.

i in : ng Richard Lockton Lewis Forwood. Chc v : Gim c

in thoi : 0650. 3742 165 Fax : 0650. 3742 202

Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng c Ban qun l cc KCN tnh Bnh

Dng cp Giy chng nhn u t hot ng ln u s 46212000823 ngy 27 thng

05 nm 2011 vi ngnh ngh kinh doanh : Sn xut cc sn phm g th cng m

ngh, g gia dng xut khu.

1.3. V tr a l ca D n

D n c xy dng ti s 8, ng 22 trong KCN Sng Thn 2, th x D An,

tnh Bnh Dng nm trn vng tip gip vi hai thnh ph l Bin Ha v Thnh

ph H Ch Minh; l ca ng quan trng i cc tnh min Trung, Ty Nguyn v

cc tnh pha Bc.

KCN Sng Thn 2 l mt khu cng nghip hon chnh v a ngnh, cc ngnh

cng nghip c b tr thnh 4 cm A, B, C, D vi din tch khong 442 ha, cch :

Trung tm Tp. H Ch Minh 20km v hng Ty Nam.

Trung tm Tp. Bin Ha 15km v hng ng Bc.

Trung tm th x Th Du Mt 20km v hng Ty Bc.

Sn bay Tn Sn Nht 15km v hng Ty Nam.

Cnh tuyn ng st Thng Nht, gip ga Sng Thn ( c quy hoch m

rng thnh ng Xuyn ).

Pha Nam gip xa l i Hn, pha Ty gip tuyn ng qun s (ni thng

tnh l 743 v gp xa l i Hn).12
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%AAn_H%C3%B2ahttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nguy%C3%AAnhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%AAn_H%C3%B2ahttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A0nh_ph%E1%BB%91_H%E1%BB%93_Ch%C3%AD_Minhhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nguy%C3%AAn


13/98

Nm gia ba cm dn c ln : Th c, D An v Li Thiu.

V tr tip gip ca Nh my trong KCN Sng Thn 2 nh sau :

Pha Bc gip vi Cng ty TNHH Seiwa Kaiun Vit Nam trong KCN Sng

Thn 2.

Pha Nam gip vi Cng ty TNHH Quc t Wimbledon trong KCN Sng

Thn 2.

Pha ng gip vi khu dn c.

Pha Ty gip vi ng s 22 KCN Sng Thn 2.

Ta ranh gii ca Nh my nh sau :

S hiu im 1 : X = 1205396,4; Y = 608204,0

S hiu im 2 : X = 1205391,0; Y = 608275,7 S hiu im 3 : X = 1205290,7; Y = 608277,1

S hiu im 4 : X = 1205287,9; Y = 608199,4

Khong cch t D n n cc nh my ang hot ng trong KCN l khong

10 m, khu vc dn c tp trung gn nht cch khu vc D n khong 50 m v vy s

c s tc ng cng hng ca D n vi cc nh my trong KCN gy nh hng n

mi trng khu vc xung quanh, cn phi c nhng bin php v mt qun l v k

thut nhm khng ch v gim thiu cc tc ng tiu cc khi D n i vo hot ng gp phn bo v mi trng cho KCN Sng Thn 2 ni ring v th x D An, tnh

Bnh Dng ni chung.

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14/98

Hnh 1.1 : S v tr ca Nh my Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng ti KCN

Sng Thn 2

1.4. Ni dung ch yu ca D n

1.4.1. Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh

Din tch ca Nh my ti KCN Sng Thn 2 l 12.943 m2. Cc hng mc cng

trnh chnh ca Nh my c trnh by trong bng sau :

Bng 1.1 : Cc hng mc cng trnh chnh ca Nh my

Stt Hng mc n v tnh Din tch T l (%)

1 Nh vn phng m2

200 1,552 Nh kho, xng m2 7.822 60,43

3 Cn tin m2 374 2,89

4 Nh bo v m2 16 0,12

5 Nh v sinh m2 90 0,7

6 Nh xe m2 200 1,557 Din tch t giao thng m2 1.601 12,378 Din tch khu vc lu tr tm

thi CTNH

m2 50 0,39

9 Din tch trng cy xanh m2 2.590 20

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15/98

Tng cng 12.943 100Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

Bn v b tr mt bng tng th D n c nh km trong phn ph lc.

1.4.2. Cc cng trnh ph tr v kh nng p ng

Cc cng trnh ph tr nh h thng cung cp in, nc, cy xanh, h thngx l nc thi, c Ch u t KCN Sng Thn 2 u t xy dng. Sau y l

tng hng mc cng trnh c th v kh nng p ng i vi hot ng ca D n.

1.4.2.1. H thng thot nc ma

H thng thot nc ma trong phm vi Nh my c Cng ty tch ring bit

vi h thng thu gom nc thi. H thng mng thot nc ma u c cc h ga v

np an. Nc ma ny c dn vo h thng thot nc ma chung ca KCN Sng

Thn 2, sau chy vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.

1.4.2.2. H thng thu gom nc thi

H thng thu gom nc thi tch ring h thng thot nc ma, c xy

dng bng cc cng b tng ct thp 100 200 thu gom nc thi sinh hot sau

x l ti cc b t hoi 03 ngn t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B sau mi

a v h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip tc x l t

QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thivo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.

H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 tip nhn v x l

nc thi t cc Nh my trong KCN v thng qua h thng cng thu gom khp

kn. Cng sut x l ca h thng vo khong 4.000 m3/ngy.m. Ta lc trn ng

DT743, v tr t h thng thun li cho vic thu gom nc thi t KCN SngThn 2.

Ngun nc u vo theo thit k phi t quy chun QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct

B sau khi qua x l nc thi u ra phi t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ngvi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9).

1.4.2.3. H thng cp nc

15


16/98

Ngun nc ca D n c ly t h thng cp nc ca KCN Sng Thn 2.

Lng nc cung cp cho ton b nhu cu s dng ca D n bao gm cp nc cho

sinh hot v hot ng khc (ti ng, cy xanh, PCCC,).

Cng sut Nh my cung cp nc sch ca KCN Sng Thn l khong 15.000

m3/ngy.

1.4.2.4. H thng cung cp in

Ngun cung cp in cho cc hot ng ca Nh my l ngun in 3 pha c

ko v t mng li in quc gia ca in lc th x D An tnh Bnh Dng thng

qua ng dy h th ca KCN Sng Thn 2.

ch ng trong hot ng sn xut Nh my, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01

my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15

lt/h.

1.4.2.5. Giao thng vn ti, thng tin lin lc

D n c xy dng trong KCN Sng Thn 2 thuc th x D An, tnh Bnh

Dng. Hin ti, D An c 5 Khu cng nghip i vo hot ng l Sng Thn 1,

Sng Thn 2, Bnh ng, Tn ng Hip A, Tn ng Hip B. D An c 3 tuyn

ng quan trng i qua l Quc l 1, Quc l 52 v tuyn ng st Bc Nam.

D An c 2 ga xe la quan trng l ga D An v ga Sng Thn; c nh my toaxe D An, mt nh my sn xut, sa cha u my v toa xe ln nht min Nam.

Trong tng lai s c mt tuyn ng st xut pht t ga Sng Thn i M Tho

chuyn ch hng ha, tri cy t cc tnh minTy Nam B v cc tnh minng

Nam B.

Nh vy D n nm ti khu vc c h thng giao thng tng i pht trin v

ang c xy dng hon chnh rt thun li cho vic vn chuyn nguyn liu v sn

phm ca D n.

Thng tin lin lc cng c u t xy dng, to s pht trin nhanh chng

trong thi gian qua v thi gian sp ti.

1.4.2.6. Cy xanh

D nh khi Nh my i vo hot ng, Cng ty quy hoch din tch trng cy

xanh thch hp vi din tch trng cy xanh khong 20% nhm to cnh quan xanh,

sch p v mt m cho Nh my. Vic trng cy xanh Cng ty chn la nhng cy

16
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_Thohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_Thohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Nam_B%E1%BB%99


17/98

xanh thch hp cho cnh quan v mt khc gim thiu nhng tc ng pht sinh t nh

my n cc khu vc ln cn.

1.4.2.7. Trm tp kt cht thi rn sn xut v sinh hot

i vi loi hnh hot ng v cng sut ca D n thnh phn cht thi rn

ch yu l bao b, giy loi, cc cht hu c d phn hy, thc n tha t cc hot

ng sinh hot thng ngy ca cn b k thut, nhn vin trong Nh my. Cht thi

nguy hi c th pht sinh l pin c quy, bao b, gi lau dnh du ha cht c hi, than

hot tnh qua s dng, Cng ty xy dng mt khu vc tp kt cht thi rn m

bo cha cht thi rn pht sinh t D n mt cch an ton v v sinh. Cc cht thi

rn pht sinh t D n c Cng ty b tr phn loi ti ngun. Ty vo thnh phn v

c tnh ca tng loi rc m Cng ty trang b bao nilon v thng cha rc ring. Tt

c cc cht thi rn pht sinh t D n c Ch u t k hp ng x l theo ng

quy nh.

1.4.3. Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ca D n

Cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my c trnh by nh sau :

Hnh 1.2 : Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my

17

Ch nhm

S ch

Tinh ch

Nguyn liu sy

Lp rp

Sn

Dn, v trang tr

Lm mu

BiCht thi rn

Bi, ting n

Cht thi rn

Thnh phm

BiTing n

Bi, ting nCht thi rn

Bi snDung mi hu c


18/98

M t quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ti Nh my

Nguyn liu g sy c Cng ty nhp v s cho qua cng on s ch

nguyn liu trc khi qua tip cng on tinh ch hon thin.

Cc nguyn liu sau khi tinh ch c cng nhn ca Nh my lp rp cc

nguyn liu ny li vi nhau to thnh sn phm.

Sau cng nhn tip tc ch nhm lm cho b mt sn phm sch, lng p

d dng cho cng on phun sn tip theo.

Sau khi b mt sn phm c sn th sn phm s c dn, v trang tr ln

trc khi c lm mu to thnh hng m ngh gi c.

Sn phm sau khi lm mu c ng gi thnh phm v lu vo kho cha

trc khi bn cho khch hng.

1.4.4. Danh mc cc loi my mc, trang thit b ti Nh my

Cc my mc, trang tht b phc v cho qu trnh sn xut c trnh by trong

bng sau :

Bng 1.2 : Danh mc cc loi my mc, trang thit b phc v cho Nh my

Stt Tn thit b S lng Cng sut Nm sn

xut

1 My bm cha chy v ph kinkm theo 2 10 KW 20102 H thng Camera quan st 1 08 Pcs 2010

3 My nn kh 1 50 HP 2010

4 My sy kh HYD 100, b lc khHYF 40A 40, b lc kh HYF40A 1

1 500 m3/h 2006

5 Bn phun sn 6000x2900x1300 1 650 W 2006

6 H thng bo chy theo PO 2118 1 - 2010

7 My chiu 3Mx24W, mn chiu,vt t thi cng

1 - 2010

8 My ch nhm bng TD 3300 1 5 HP 2006

9 My p Veneer & thit b km theo 1 1.000 tm/ngy 2010

10 My bm cha chy v cc thit bi km (PO 2919)

1 20 HP 2010

11 My phay g ng PO 3053 1 850 W 2006

12 My ch bin g qua s dng

(my Tubi nghing 1 trc)

1 300 kg/h 2006

13 My nh Canon G10 (BP. Sales) 1 - 2010

18


19/98

14 My ca lng TG CL600 cho BP.Sample (PO 3286)

1 500 W 2006

15 My lnh LG (phng p veneer) 1 2 HP 2010

16 My tri keo Vanees 1 350 W 2010

17 My ct Vanees 1 400 W 2010

18 My may Vanees 1 400 W 2010

19 My sy m g 1 500 W 2006

20 My pht in 3FA Mitsubishi 1 350 KVA 2010

21 My khoan ng EC 340 1 2,5 KW 2006

22 My bo 4 mt 1 23,75 KW 2006

23 My bn ct 1 300 W 2006

24 My nn kh PO4459 1 30 HP 201025 My ca nghing bn c bn y

MBS 300MIKIWAY1 5 HP 2006

26 My to mng m 02 u YOM 120YOWCHERNG

1 5 HP 2006

27 My Ripsaw li trn YFR 303YUHFARN

1 400 W 2006

28 My ch nhm thng BKM 37DA BOA BOARKE

1 600 W 2006

29 H thng ht bi cho Xng mu 1 - 2010

30 H thng ht bi sn 2 - 2010

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng

1.4.5. Nhu cu nguyn nhin liu phc v cho Nh my

1.1.1.1. Nhu cu nguyn liu

Bng 1.3 : Nhu cu nguyn liu phc v cho hot ng sn xut

Stt Nguyn liu n v S Lng

1 G Veneer m

2

/nm 24.3002 G MDF, Plywood sheet/nm 6.7033 Cc loi g nguyn liu khc m3/nm 190


1.1.1.2. Nhu cu s dng nhin liu

19


20/98

ch ng trong hot ng sn xut Nh my, Cng ty c b tr d phng 01

my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t khong 15

lt/h.

Vi khi lng ring ca du DO bng 0,85 kg/lt c th tnh ton c lng

du DO s dng l 12,75 kg/h.

Ngoi ra, Nh my cn s dng than hot tnh cho h thng x l kh thi ti

khu vc pha ch ha cht. Trung bnh nh k khong mt thng, Nh my tin hnh

thay lng than hot tnh qua s dng mt kh nng hp ph bng lng than hot

tnh mi. Khi lng than hot tnh s dng l 60 kg/thng tng ng 2 kg/ngy.

1.1.1.3. Nhu cu s dng ha cht

Nhu cu v ha cht s dng ti D n c trnh by trong bng sau :

Bng 1.4 : Cc loi ha cht ch yu phc v cho D n

Stt Nhin liu n v S lng Ngun cung cp1 30:77/A Sn lt PU-

F63FY0077-018.00KIPLt/nm 1.545 Cng ty ha cht

2 820-CDG-047-clear metalprimer

Lt/nm 1.034 Cng ty ha cht

3 Alcohol industry Lt/nm 4.000 Cng ty ha cht4 Axeton Lt/nm 9.870 Cng ty ha cht

5 Cane Sealer 370-CDG-055 Lt/nm 1.128 Cng ty ha cht6 Catalyt hard 30:45B (xctc cng 30:45B)-V66VN0045-004.50KIO


7 Cht ty W601/W602 Lt/nm 798 Cng ty ha cht8 DC-1122-21 LC Yellow 10

Sheen PT VieLt/nm 800 Cng ty ha cht

9 Expo ty sn Lt/nm 581 Cng ty ha cht10 Filler 611 Lt/nm 1.262 Cng ty ha cht11 Keo Glue 502 Lt/nm 21.595 Cng ty ha cht

12 Hardener PUH-1561-33 S Lt/nm 1.884 Cng ty ha cht13 Keo p g Tiebond original

(5 Gallon)Lt/nm 1.780 Cng ty ha cht

14 MEP 1924-03 Clear Base Lt/nm 835 Cng ty ha cht15 Sn lt NC 10:03 Lt/nm 1.169 Cng ty ha cht16 Sn nc weather Lt/nm 1.634 Cng ty ha cht17 Thinner 16:01C (dung mi

NC) -R07KY0101-200.00L9F



1.1.1.4. Nhu cu s dng in

20


21/98

Ngun cung cp in cho cc hot ng ca Nh my l ngun in 3 pha c

ko v t mng li in quc gia ca in lc th x D An tnh Bnh Dng thng

qua ng dy h th ca KCN Sng Thn 2.

Nhu cu s dng in ca Cng ty bao gm : Phc v sn xut v hot ng

vn phng khong 7.200 Kwh/nm tc khong 600 Kwh/thng.

1.1.1.5. Nhu cu s dng nc

Ngun nc cp cho hot ng ca D n s dng nc cp t nh my cung

cp nc ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Tng nhu cu s dng nc ca Nh my l khong

48 m3/ngy.m. Trong :

Nc cho sinh hot : 45 m3/ngy.m

Nc ti cy : 3 m3/ngy.m

Ngoi ra m bo tt cng tc phng chy cha chy ti Nh my, Cng ty

cng xy dng b cha nc d tr vi dung tch 100 m3 cp nc cu ha trong

trng hp xy ra s c.

1.1.2. Nhu cu nhn lc phc v cho nh my

D n s dng khong 450 cng nhn vin lm vic ti nh my, trong :

B phn sn xut : 420 ngi

B phn qun l, k ton, hnh chnh : 20 ngi B phn kinh doanh bn hng : 10 ngi

Nhm phc v cho cng tc hot ng ca Nh my, Cng ty TNHH Sn xut

Phc Thng a ra s t chc v qun l D n nh sau.

21

Gim c

Phng k hoch

k thut

Phng hnh chnh

k ton

Phng kinh

doanhLp k hoch lm vicPhn loiGiao hngTh kho

Qun l hnh chnhK ton ti chnh

Pht trin th trngKinh doanh thu mua

P. Gim c


22/98

Hnh 1.3 : S t chc v qun l D n

1.1.3. Sn phm, cng sut

Nh my ch yu sn xut bn, gh, ging, t, gng, gi c m ngh. Sn

phm ca Cng ty ch yu c xut khu khong 90% ra th trng M, Chu u.

Phn cn li c tiu th ti th trng trong nc.

Bng 1.5 : Sn phm v cng sut ca Nh my

Stt Tn sn phm n v tnh S lng

1Bn, gh, ging, t, gng,gi c m ngh

Sn phm/nm 120.000


1.1.4. Tin thc hin D n

Lp d n v trnh xt duyt : Thng 02/2011 05/2011 Lp h s u thu xy lp : Thng 06/2011 07/2011

B tr li Nh my v xy dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng : Thng

08/2011

Lp t cc my mc thit b : Thng 09/2011

Sn xut chnh thc : Thng 10/2011

1.1.5. Tng vn u t D n

Tng vn u tca D n l 16,5 t ng. Trong :

Vn c nh : 10 t ng

+ My mc, thit b : 4 t ng

+ Phng tin vn ti v vn chuyn : 4 t ng

+ Chi ph khc : 2 t ng

Vn lu ng : 6,5 t ng

22


23/98

CHNG 2

IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH TX HI

2.1. iu kin t nhin v mi trng

2.1.1. iu kin v a hnh, a cht

D n ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng nm ti KCN Sng Thn 2

c hon thin v c s h tng. Nn t khu vc quy hoch c cao thp nht l

+0,5m v cao nht l 1,2 1,5m. a hnh tng i bng phng, hng dc t pha

Ty thp dn v hng ng.

Nn a cht n nh do vic trin khai lp t my mc thit b v a Cng

ty i vo hot ng gp nhiu thun li.Theo s liu a cht ti hai h khoan (v tr h khoan 1 ti v tr cu trn Tnh

l 43 v v tr khoan 2 ti v tr cu trn ng Ng Ch Quc giao vi tuyn knh Ba

B) vi chiu su mi h khoan l 12m, khu vc nghin cu c bao ph bn trn

bi cc lp t thuc trm tch Pleitocen (aQ1-m) i din cc lp t st ct phn b

xen kp vi ct, ct st. a cht khu vc D n c phn thnh cc lp sau :

Lp 1 : Ct st ht mn trung mu xm vng nht, do.

Lp 2 : Dm si, xc thc vt mu xm xanh, xm en, ln st bt mu xm

xanh, trng thi do mm.

Lp 3 : St ct mu vng nht, xm vng, n xm trng, kp cc ct mn

trung, trng thi do cng.

Lp 4a : Ct th mu xm trng, xm vng, ln t bt st, trng thi ri rc

n cht va.

Lp 4b : Ct st ht trung mu xm trng, xm vng, nu vng, trng thi

do.

Lp 5 : St mu xm vng, xm xanh loang l, trng thi cng.

2.1.2. iu kin kh hu, thy vn

Tnh Bnh Dng nm trong vng kh hu nhit i gi ma nng m, phn b

thnh hai ma r rt trong nm : Ma ma t thng 5 11 v ma kh t khong

thng 12 nm trc n thng 4 nm sau. Ma ma lng ma chim khong 80

85% lng ma c nm, ma kh hu nh khng ma.

23


24/98

2.1.2.1. iu kin khng kh

Nhit khng kh trung bnh hng nm cao, n nh quanh nm v thng.

Bin thin nhit gia thng nng nht v thng lnh nht khong 4,6 oC . Tuy nhin,

bin thin nhit ngy th kh cao khong 10oC.

Nhit khng kh trung bnh nm : 26,7oC.

Nhit khng kh thng nng nht (thng 5) : 29,5oC.

Nhit khng kh thng lnh nht (thng 12) : 24,9oC.

2.1.2.2. m khng kh

m khng kh trong nm tng i cao v c s bin i theo ma kh r,

chnh lch m gia hai ma khong 7,8%. m trung bnh vo ma ma l

86,4% v m trung bnh vo ma kh l 78,6%.

2.1.2.3. Lng ma

Trong nhng nm gn y, lng ma Bnh Dng c khuynh hng gim

dn, lng ma bnh qun hng nm : 1.950 mm.

Ma ma t thng 5 n thng 11 chim 85 95% lng ma hng nm.

Ma nhiu nht vo thng 8 v thng 9 vi hn 300 mm.

S ngy ma hng nm khong 110 ngy.

Lng ma trung bnh hng nm : 1.860 mm (nm 2009) v 1.693mm(nm 2010).

Lng ma ngy nhiu nht trong nm: 102 mm (thng 5/2009) v 138,4

mm (thng 9/2010).

T thng 12 n thng 4 vo ma kh, lng ma rt thp : Thng c ma

cao nht trong ma ny khong 54,4 mm (thng 2/2009) v 56,2 mm (thng

4/2010).

Bng 2.1 : D liu lng ma nm 2009 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng

Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIILng

ma thng 3,8108,

3 37,3 188,2 380,1 124,2238,

8 222,9352,

1119,

5 85,6 -S ngy

ma 1 5 6 19 22 16 30 23 25 13 7 0Lng mangy max 3,8 54,4 24,2 52,8 102,0 36,6 39,8 64,7 52,5 30,0 26,0 0,0

Ngy 1 28 21 30 21 15 5 23 16 6 28 -

Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh DngBng 2.2 : D liu lng ma nm 2010 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng

24


25/98

Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIILng ma

thng31,1 - 31,3 118,8 36,4

172,5 226,2

221,5 303,2

248,2 303,6 -

S ngyma 6 0 2 6 8 18 19 22 21 21 19 0

Lng ma

ngy max

11,

8 0 28,3 56,2 20,2 43,9 56,2 77,2 138,4 66,3 63,3 0Ngy 19 - 28 30 3 14 16 14 11 10 17 -

Ngun : Trung tm kh tng thy vn tnh Bnh Dng

2.1.2.4. S gi nng

S gi nng trung bnh nm 2.340 gi.

S gi nng trung bnh ngy 6,4 gi.

S gi nng trung bnh trong thng cao nht 8,3 gi.

S gi nng trung bnh trong thng thp nht 3,5 gi.2.1.2.5. bc hi

bc hi trong nm tng i ln, c khi bc hi ln hn c lng ma

trong cng mt thi on, bc hi trung bnh nm vo khong 1.300 1.450 mm.

bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng nng nht v thng lnh nht c s bin i

rt ln, bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng nng nht l 108 mm (nm 2009) v

145,5 mm (nm 2010) v bc hi trung bnh ngy tnh cho thng lnh nht l 35,4

mm (nm 2009) v 60,2 mm (nm 2010).

Bc hi trung bnh ngy : 2,0 mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 3,0 mm/ngy (nm

2010).

Bc hi ngy ti a : 4,8 mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 6,3mm/ngy (nm 2010).

Bc hi ngy ti thiu : 0,1mm/ngy (nm 2009) v 0,6 mm/ngy (nm

2010).

Qua kt qu o c trong hai nm cho thy nhit khng kh ngy cng nngv lng bc hi nm sau cao hn nm trc.

Bng 2.3 : D liu bc hi 2009 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng

Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIITng

cng 104,7 94,1 108,7 75,8 56,0 60,8 44,5 56,6 35,4 55,1 83,1 105,4Trung

bnh 3,4 3,4 3,5 2,5 1,8 2,0 1,4 1,8 1,2 1,8 2,8 3,4

Cao nht 4,7 4,8 4,8 3,8 2,8 3,2 2,6 2,8 2,4 2,9 4,1 4,0Ngy 28 7 10 1 18 24 11 22 19 30 21 13

25


26/98

Thp nht 1,8 1,4 1,8 0,9 0,6 0,6 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,8 0,1 2,8Ngy 1 12 7 29 27 10 15 2 8 1 10 17


Bng 2.4 : D liu bc hi 2010 ti trm S Sao Bnh Dng

Thng I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XIITng

cng

104,

9 119,4 145,5 134,7 131,9 93,7 70,7 60,2 63,1 63,0 67,8 96,6Trung

bnh 3,4 4,3 4,7 4,5 4,3 3,1 2,3 1,9 2,1 2,0 2,3 3,1Cao nht 4,2 4,8 6,3 5,6 5,6 4,7 3,2 2,7 2,6 3,8 3,1 3,9

Ngy 7 7 18 14 18 2 12 5 21 30 14 25Thp

nht 1,8 3,6 3,6 3,2 2,2 2,3 1,1 1,0 1,5 0,6 1,6 2,1Ngy 20 6 4 20 4 19 25 20 17 11 1 1


2.1.2.6. Ch gi

Ch gi tng i n nh, khng chu nh hng trc tip ca bo v p

thp nhit i. Tc gi bnh qun khong 0,7m/s, tc gi ln nht quan trc

c l 12m/s. Bnh Dng c 2 hng gi ch o trong nm l gi Ty Ty Nam

v gi ng ng Bc. Gi Ty Ty Nam l hng gi thnh hnh nht trong ma

ma, cn gi ng ng Bc l hng gi thnh hnh trong ma kh. Tc gi

bnh qun thng khng k hng cao 2m so vi mt t c trnh by trong

bng sau :

Bng 2.5 : Tc gi bnh qun thng

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12V (m/s) 2,06 2,30 2,62 2,62 2,22 2,46 2,54 2,70 2,38 1,98 1,91 1,82


2.1.2.7. bn vng kh quyn

Cc cht gy nhim khng kh c dng ht (bi) v dng kh. Yu t quyt

nh kh nng pht tn bi v kh l bn vng kh quyn. Cc cht nhim c

pha trn v kh nng pht tn cao nht trong iu kin kh quyn thuc nhm A, B, C.

Khi bn vng kh quyn thuc loi A, B, C th nng cht nhim cao

hn khi gi c tc ln.

bn vng kh quyn trung ha loi D hoc bn vng loi E, F th kh nng

khuch tn cht nhim l thp nht.Vo ma kh mc pht tn cht nhim cao hn ma ma.

26


27/98

Bng 2.6 : bn vng kh quyn

Tc gi

(m/s)

Bc x ban ngy che ph ban m

Mnh Yu Trung bnh t my Nhiu my2 4 A B B C E F

4 6 B B C C D EGhi ch :

A : Rt khng bn vng D : Trung ha

B : Khng bn vng loi trung bnh E : Tng i bn vng

C : Khng bn vng loi yu F : Bn vng

2.1.2.8. Ch thy vn

Khu vc D n c knh Ba B l ngun tip nhn nc thi v nc ma ca

KCN Sng Thn 2. Knh Ba B c chiu di 1.700m, chiu rng trung bnh khong 2

3m, chiu su mc nc trung bnh trong lng knh c tnh khong 0,5 m vo ma

kh. Mc nc ny t n 1 2m vo nhng ngy ma ma v cao hn trong nhng

ngy ma ln, lu lng vo nhng ngy ma ma c tnh khong 16 m3/s. c

im lng knh hp nn khng thot nc vo nhng ngy ma ma. B knh b

st l, gy nh hng ng k n cuc sng ca nhng ngi dn sng dc theo hai

b knh. Vo ma ma, tnh trng ngp ng khu vc cui knh Ba B gy nhhng n sn xut nng nghip trn a bn.

Knh Ba B mang tnh cht l mt knh thot nc thi v nc ma t khu

dn c trong khu vc v cc KCN ln cn. Knh Ba B bt ngun t th x D An, tnh

Bnh Dng v phn ln chy trn lnh th qun Th c, Tp. HCM.

+ Phn u knh : Di khong 410m, a hnh kh dc, cao mt t bin

thin t 14m n 4,5m, vo ma ma dng nc chy vi lu lng ln lm st l t

hai bn b nh hng nghim trng n cng trnh nh ca ngi dn sng dc bknh. Dn c khu vc ny tp trung kh ng dc knh, mt s h xy dng nh tr

st knh ang b nh hng nghim trng do tnh trng st l.

+ Phn gia knh : Di khong 390m, cao mt t bin thin t 4,5m n

1,8m. Dn c khu vc ny ch yu l cc h dn lm ngh trng trt v chn nui.

Mt s h dn dng nc knh Ba B phc v cho mc ch kinh t ca mnh. Vo

ma ma, lng nc ln v khng kp thot nn khu vc hay xy ra tnh trng

ngp ng.

27


28/98

+ Phn cui knh : Di khong 900m tip gip ra vi rch Nc Trong, cao

mt t xp x 1,4m 1,8m. Mt phn on knh ny c kin c ha bng h

thng mng h c bao cao khong hn 1m so vi cao mt t khu vc. on

knh ny chy qua khu vc nng nghip ca phng Bnh Chiu, qun Th c, Tp.

H Ch Minh. Vo nhng ngy ma ln, nc knh trn ra khi bao v gy ngp

ng mt vng t nng nghip rng ln.

Knh tip nhn nc thi v c nc ma ca mt lu vc ln nn dng chy

khng n nh. Vo nhng thng ma ma (khong thng VI X), lng ma kh cao

v knh l tuyn thot nc chnh cho mt din tch kh rng ca c hai tnh Bnh

Dng v Tp. H Ch Minh, m mt ct dng knh kh nh nn thng xy ra hin

tng ngp ng h lu knh. Mt khc tuyn knh li phi chu nc t khu vc cao

trn v vi chnh cao trnh so vi u tuyn knh l 18m v so vi cui tuyn knh

l 33m m khng c th tch tr nc gim lu lng trn v h lu. Do tnh

trng ngp trn lu vc knh hin nay n mc bo ng.

Tuyn knh Ba B t chu nh hng ca thy triu truyn trc tip t sng Si

Gn qua rch Vnh Bnh, sng Cu p vo rch Nc Trong theo ch bn nht

triu khng u. Nc thi ti knh ny ch chy mt chiu hu nh khng b nh

hng bi triu cng.2.1.3. Hin trng cc thnh phn t nhin khu vc D n

tin hnh thu thp d liu v s liu nn hin trng cc thnh phn t nhin

cho qu trnh nh gi cng tc bo v mi trng cho D n, chng ti phi hp

vi Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin Thng mi v Dch v Mi trng Minh Tr tin

hnh kho st o c ly mu phn tch cht lng khng kh, cht lng mi trng

nc cp ti khu vc D n.

Phng php ly mu, phn tch, tnh ton xc nh tng thng s c th c

p dng tun th theo cc Tiu chun v Quy chun Vit Nam tng ng.

2.1.3.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh

2.1.3.1.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh

Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc D n

c trnh by trong bng sau : V tr cc im o c v ly mu khng kh : Xem bng 2.7.

28


29/98

Thi gian ly mu, phng php o c/phn tch : Xem ph lc.

Bng 2.7 : V tr cc im o c/ly mu khng kh v iu kin ly mu

Stt Mu M t v tr v iu kin ly mu1 K1 V tr ly mu : Pha ng khu vc D n

Ta ly mu : X = 1205342,08; Y = 608264,3iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,20C

2 K2 V tr ly mu : Pha Ty khu vc D n

Ta ly mu : X = 1205334,07; Y = 608213,13

iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,00C3 K3 V tr ly mu : Pha Nam khu vc D n

Ta ly mu : X = 1205300,2; Y = 608229,41

iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 31,70C4 K4 V tr ly mu : Pha Bc khu vc D n

Ta ly mu : X = 1205379,29; Y = 608241,05

iu kin ly mu : Nhit khng kh = 30,90CNgun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr

Bng 2.8 : Hin trng cht lng khng kh ti khu vc d n

Stt Mu Hm lng (mg/m3)

Bi SO2 CO NO2 n (dBA)

1 K1 0,105 0,107 2,48 0,078 50,2 55,42 K2 0,102 0,104 2,80 0,097 54,9 59,73 K3 0,120 0,108 2,50 0,104 57,2 62,34 K4 0,108 0,115 3,17 0,074 56,3 61,8

QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT 0,3 0, 30 0,2 -QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT 70

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr

Ghi ch :

QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT : Quy chun cho php i vi khng kh xung quanh.

QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT : Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n (t 6h n

21h).

Nhn xt: Kt qu o c phn tch hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh xung

quanh ti khu vc D n cn kh tt, hu ht cc thng s u thp hn Quy chun

cho php QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT v QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT.2.1.3.2. Hin trng cht lng nc cp ti khu vc D n

29


30/98

Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng nc cp dng cho hot ng ca D n

c trnh by trong bng sau :

V tr ly mu : Vi nc ca D n.

Ta ly mu : X = 1205309,67; Y = 608222,44.

Thi gian ly mu v phng php o c/phn tch : Xem ph lc.

Bng 2.9 : Kt qu phn tch nc cp dng cho hot ng ca D n

St

t

Thng s n v Kt qu QCVN 02 :

2009/BYT, mc I1 pH - 7,20 6,0 8,52 cng tng cng mgCaCO3/l 12 3503 Hm lng Amoni mg/l 0,004 34 Hm lng Clorua mg/l 6 300

5 Hm lng Florua mg/l 0,03 1,5

6 Hm lng Asen mg/l KPH 0,01

7 Coliform MPN/100ml KPH 50

8 St (Fe) mg/l 0,002 0,5

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin thng mi v dch v mi trng Minh Tr

Ghi ch : QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc

sinh hot.

Nhn xt : Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc cp phc v cho sinh hot ti khu vc

D n cho thy cc thng s o c u t quy chun QCVN 02 : 2009/BYT, mc I

iu ny cho thy cht lng nc cp ti khu vc thc hin Nh my t quy chun

cho php.

2.2. iu kin kinh tx hi

D n ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng thuc KCN Sng Thn 2, th

x D An, tnh Bnh Dng. Hin trng pht trin kinh t x hi ca a phng

c tm tt di y :

2.2.1. iu kin kinh t

Tnh hnh sn xut nng nghip

+ Trng trt : Hot ng sn xut nng nghip trong khu vc ch yu l

trng trt v chn nui. Ton vng gieo trng cc loi rau mu, khoai m, u

cc loi, bp,... phc v i sng ca cc khu dn c.

30


31/98

+ Chn nui : Chn nui ca khu vc ch yu l chn nui gia sc gia cm

vi quy m va v nh. Tuy nhin tnh hnh cm gia cm trn a bn c

nguy c ti pht nn nhu cu tiu th gim, b con chn nui gp nhiu kh

khn. Chnh quyn v b con chn nui thng xuyn kt hp vi cc Trm

th y tng cng cng tc kim tra nhc nh cc h chn nui git m gia

cm, c nhng bin php thit thc phng chng dch cm gia cm ti pht.

Nhn chung, do vic bin ng chuyn i mc ch s dng t nng nghip

sang th c ca cc h dn xy dng nh , phng tr v cc dch v ngy cng

nhiu do v lnh vc nng nghip khng pht trin v c chiu hng gim dn.

Cng nghip

Tc tng trng cng nghip trn a bn kh nhanh. Cc KCN gii quytvic lm cho hng ngn lao ng ti a phng v nhiu lao ng t cc khu vc

khc n. C hn 263 cng ty, x nghip hin ang hot ng ti cc KCN Sng Thn

1 v Sng Thn 2 v c hn 76 doanh nghip nm ngoi KCN vi tc pht trin

kh nhanh.

Thng mi dch v

Ngoi cc hot ng bun bn ti cc ch trong khu vc th khu vc rt pht

trin vi vic kinh doanh phng tr ca cc h dn a phng. Nhn chung, cc h

kinh doanh u chp hnh tt ni quy chnh sch ca nh nc. Tng gi tr thng

mi dch v tng 18 21%. Tnh hnh kinh doanh ti cc ch tng bc c sp

xp n nh, mua bn c trt t, gi gn v sinh mi trng.

2.2.2. iu kin x hi

Gio dc : Phn u vn ng 100% tr c a n trng. Hng nm u c

cng nhn t chun ph cp tiu hc ng tui, ph cp THCS v THPT.

Nhn chung c s vt cht cc trng lp c quan tm u t khang trang hn,

phong tro x hi ha gio dc c ch trng, l c s tin cho s pht trin

nhng nm tip theo.

Y t : m bo thc hin tt cng tc khm cha bnh, trc tip cp cu v

phng chng cc loi bnh dch. Cc chng trnh quc gia v y t c trin khaithc hin t 100%. Duy tr thng xuyn chin dch tim chng m rng phng 6

31


32/98

loi bnh cho tr em hng thng u t trn 90%, phn u 95% tr di 1 tui c

min dch c bn, t l tr suy dinh dng ngy cng gim, cng tc chm sc v bo

v sc khe cho b m tr em lun c quan tm. Chng trnh phng chng bu

c, mt, s dng mui it ngy cng c quan tm, thc hin tt cng tc kim tra an

ton v sinh thc phm, qun l tt vic khm BHXH.

2.3. Hin trng h tng KCN Sng Thn 2

KCN Sng Thn 2 c din tch khong 442 ha do Cng ty C phn Pht trin

KCN Sng Thn (tn mi l Cng ty C phn i Nam) lm ch u t. y l mt

khu cng nghip tp trung, thu ht cc ngun vn u t trong v ngoi nc nhm

phc v cc mc tiu kinh t pht trin t nc.

KCN Sng Thn 2 c thnh lp da trn Quyt nh s 796/TTg ngy

28/10/1996 ca Th tng Chnh ph ph duyt d n u t, quyt nh s 951/TTg

ngy 20/12/1996 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic cho thu t v quyt nh s

16/BXD/KTQH ngy 11/01/1997 ca B Xy dng ph duyt quy hoch chi tit khu

cng nghip.

KCN Sng Thn 2 ta lc ti th x D An, tnh Bnh Dng l mt khu cng

nghip hon chnh v a ngnh, cc ngnh cng nghip c b tr thnh 4 cm A, B,

C, D vi din tch khong 442 ha, cch : Trung tm Tp. H Ch Minh 20 km v hng Ty Nam.

Trung tm Tp. Bin Ha 15 km v hng ng Bc.

Trung tm th x Th Du Mt 20 km v hng Ty Bc.

Sn bay Tn Sn Nht 15 km v hng Ty Nam.

Cnh tuyn ng st Thng Nht, gip ga Sng Thn ( c quy

hoch m rng thnh ng Xuyn ).

Pha Nam gip xa l i Hn, pha Ty gip tuyn ng qun s (ni

thng tnh l 743 v gp xa l i Hn).

Nm gia ba cm dn c ln : Th c, D An v Li Thiu.

t ai kh bng phng, dc dn t ng Bc xung Ty Nam, trung

bnh 1%, cao trung bnh 25 30m so vi mc nc bin, chu nn >

2kg/cm2 thun li xy dng c bn.

Cc ngnh ngh sn xut bao gm : Sn phm nha, chi, m phm, cc snphm bao b ng gi, sn xut v lp rp cc sn phm in, in t, my mc, thit

32


33/98

b vn chuyn, may mc, giy dp, sn phm da, lng th, len, dng c th thao, ch

bin thc phm, hng gia dng, cc sn phm g, my tre l v cc ngnh cng nghip

ch bin khc.

H thng giao thng:H thng trc chnh rng 28m vi 4 ln xe. H thng

giao thng trc ni b rng 22m vi 2 ln xe.

Cp in :Ngun cp in c ly t li in quc gia 22Kv thng qua li

in th x D An i vo trm bin th 110/220 KV 2*25MVA cung cp cho KCN.

Cp nc : KCN c nh my cung cp nc sch. Cng sut ca nh my cp

nc KCN Sng Thn l khong 15.000 m3/ngy ph hp vi cht lng tiu chun,

quy chun Vit Nam.

Thot nc : H thng thot nc thi tch ring vi h thng thot nc ma.

Ton b nc thi ca cc nh my trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c tp trung v h

thng x l nc thi tp trung x l, cng sut x l ca h thng ny l khong

4.000 m3/ngy.m. Nc thi pht sinh trong KCN c x l theo hai cp : Cp 1

x l cc b ti tng nh my thnh vin t gii hn u vo l quy chun QCVN

24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B. Cp 2 x l ti H thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN

t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi

thi vo ngun tip nhn l knh Ba B.Thng tin lin lc : H thng thng tin lin lc cho KCN c ghp ni vo

mng vin thng ca bu in th x D An. H thng ni b l mt mng cp in

thoi c dung lng ln, p ng y cc yu cu v vin thng cho KCN Sng

Thn 2 vi cc loi hnh a dch v.

33


34/98

CHNG 3

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG

3.1. nh gi tc ng

3.1.1. Ngun tc ng lin quan n cht thi

3.1.1.1. Giai on lp t my mc thit b

Nh my sn xut ca Cng ty TNHH Sn xut Phc Thng c din tch t

c thu li t din tch ca Cng ty TNHH Tn Hon Cu. V vy m D n s

khng c giai on xy dng m ch c cng on lp t my mc thit b phc v

cho hot ng sn xut ca Cng ty (Hp ng thu Nh xng c nh km trong

phn ph lc ca bo co). Cc hot ng v ngun gy nhim chnh trong qu trnhlp t my mc thit b nh sau :

Bng 3.1 : Cc hot ng v ngun gy tc ng mi trng trong giai on lp

t my mc thit b

Stt Cc hot ng Ngun gy tc ng1 Xy dng h thng cp thot

v x l nc,...

Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu, my mc thit b,

Qu trnh lp t c gia nhit : Ct, hn, tnng chy.

2 Vn chuyn nguyn vt liu,

thit b my mc phc v D

n.

Xe ti vn chuyn vt liu, my mc thit b,

3 Hot ng d tr, bo qun

nguyn vt liu phc v D

n.

Cc thng cha xng du

4 Sinh hot ca cng nhn ti

khu vc lp t

Sinh hot ca 30 cng nhn vin ti khu vc

lp tNgun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Ngoi ra, do giai on lp t my mc thit b tng i ngn, nn cc tc

ng ca cc cht nhim n mi trng trong giai on ny ch l tm thi.

a. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn ti, my mc thit b

34


35/98

Ngun pht sinh t cc phng tin thi cng nh xe ti, xe nng,... Theo s liu

thng k t cc cng trnh khc th s lng my mc, thit b cn thit cho qu trnh

lp t ca D n c thng k nh sau :

Bng 3.2 : Thit b, my mc cn thit cho qu trnh lp t ca D n

Stt Loi thit b S lng (chic)

1 Xe ti 6

2 Xe nng 6

3 My pht in 1

Tng cng 13

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Cc phng tin vn chuyn, my mc thi cng s dng nhin liu ch yu ldu Diesel lm pht sinh cc kh nhim cha sn phm t qu trnh t nhin liu

nh : NOx, SO2, CO, VOC.

Bng 3.3 : Thnh phn v tnh cht du DO (1%)

Tn ch tiu n v Ch sHm lng lu hunh, max mg/kg 10.000Ch s cetan, min 46

Nhit ct, max 0C, 90% th tch 370

im chp chy cc kn, mino

C 55 nht ng hc 40oC mm2/s 2 5Khi lng ring 15oC Kg/m3 820 870im ng c, max oC +6Cn cacbon ca 10% cn chng ct,

max

% 0,3

Lu hunh (Cp) % 1 tro (Ap) % 0,01

Ngun : Petrolimex.com.vn

Lng nhin liu du (DO) tiu th ca cc phng tin th khc nhau, nhngtheo thc t vn hnh ca cc thit b th bnh qun lng du tiu th trong 1 ngy

lm vic 8 ting ca mt phng tin thi cng khong 15 lt/ngy.

Lu lng du tiu th trong 1 ngy ca cc phng tin thi cng l :

13 phng tin x 15 lt/ngy/phng tin = 195 lt/ngy

Khi lng du DO s dng trong mt ngy (vi khi lng ring ca du DO =

0,85 kg/lt) l :

m = 195 lt/ngy x 0,85 kg/lt= 165,75 kg/ngy = 20,72 kg/h

35


36/98

Theo Vin k thut nhit i v bo v mi trng thnh ph H Ch Minh, ta

c th tch kh pht sinh do t 1kg du DO iu kin chun khong 22 24 m 3 kh

thi/kg du DO. Lu lng kh thi ca cc phng tin thi cng :

Qk= 22 x 20,72 = 455,84 (m3/h iu kin chun)

Bng 3.4 : Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim pht thi

Stt H s nhim (*)

kg/tn

Ti lng

g/h

Nng

mg/Nm3QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT,

ct B (Kp = 1, Kv = 1)

1 Bi 4,3 89,096 200

2 SO2 20S 4,144 500

3 NOx 55 1.140 850

4 CO 28 580,16 1.000

5 VOC 12 248,64 -

(*) Ngun : Assessment of sources of Air, Water and Land Pollution WHO 1993

(Ghi ch : Kt qu tnh ton vi du DO c hm lng lu hunh 1%).

Nhn xt : Kt qu tnh ton cho thy nng cc kh nhim trong khi thi do

t nhin liu du DO ca cc phng tin trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b

hu ht u t quy chun cho php QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B ch c nng

NOx vt quy chun 1,34 ln. Tuy nhin, do khu vc D n c din tch rng, cc thitb my mc khng tp trung mt ch do kh thi c khuch tn theo din rng.

b. nhim bi t, ct

Trong qu trnh vn chuyn cc loi nguyn liu, my mc thit b th kh nng

pht sinh bi l st thp vn, g,... Ty theo iu kin cht lng ng x, phng

thc bc d v tp kt nguyn liu m nhim pht sinh nhiu hay t. Nng bi

tng cao trong nhng ngy kh, nng gi. Bi do nguyn liu ri vi hoc t cc bi

cha cun theo gi pht tn vo khng kh gy nn nhim cho cc khu vc xung

quanh. Mt thc t khch quan l nhim bi trn ng vn chuyn v tp kt

nguyn liu rt ph bin. Kt qu tnh ti lng bi trong qu trnh vn chuyn, tp kt

vt liu my mc nh sau :

L = 1,7k[-- ---- ----]x[---------]x[----------]0,7

x [--- --- --- --]0,5

x[------------]s 365 p

3654

wW

2,748

S

12

Trong : L : Ti lng bi (kg/km/lt xe/nm)36


37/98

k : Kch thc ht; 0,2

s : Lng t trn ng; 8,9%

S : Tc trung bnh ca xe; 20 km/h

W : Trng lng c ti ca xe; 10 tn

w : S bnh xe; 6 bnh

p : S ngy hot ng trong nm

Thay s ta c : 0,15 kg/km/lt xe/nm.

Theo c tnh s b c khong 4 lt xe hot ng chuyn ch vt liu my mc

thit b phc v cho D n, on ng chu nh hng 5 km. S lt xe l 4

lt/ngy. V vy, ti lng nhim bi do vn chuyn l 0,15 x 5 x 4 x 120 = 360

kg/nm hay l 30 kg bi/thng tng ng 1,15kg bi/ngy trong sut qu trnh lp

t my mc thit b cho Nh my.

Thng thng gi tr hm lng bi l lng o c ti khu vc bc d thng

dao ng trong khong 900 2.700 g/m3 cao hn quy chun khng kh xung quanh

3 9 ln (QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT, quy nh bi : 300 g/m3). nhim bi gim

khi cht lng ng x c nng ln v Ch d n p dng cc bin php phng

nga nhim nh v sinh mt bng, cch ly ngun nhim hoc to m cho

nguyn liu, Tuy nhin, c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2 c hon thin

nn hm lng bi ny thp hn nhiu.

i tng b tc ng chnh : Ton b dn c v sinh vt dc cc tuyn ng

xung quanh D n m cc xe ch nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b. Hot ng vn

chuyn nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b cho Nh my din ra trong thi gian ngn

(01 thng), khng lin tc v ti lng khng ln (c nh gi phn ngun gy tc

ng). Mc tc ng ln nht trong giai on ny l bi t hot ng vn chuyn

v lp t my mc thit b cho nh my ti KCN Sng Thn 2. i tng chu tc

ng ch yu l cng nhn trc tip tin hnh lp t.

M t tc ng : i vi con ngi th tc ng ca bi ch yu l tch ly trong

phi v cc c quan ca ng h hp trn. Cc ht bi kch thc >10 m c

gi li bi lng khoang mi, sau thi ra ngoi. Kh nhim v cc ht bi nh

tip tc i vo su trong cc c quan h hp v cc ht bi c kch thc


38/98

Bi trong khng kh c tc hi ch yu n h h hp ri mt, da,... sau ty

theo tnh cht ca bi m n c tc ng n cc c quan khc ca c th. Bi bm

trn mt da c th gy vim da, ty , nga, rt xt. Vo phi, bi gy kch thch c

hc v sinh phn ng x ha phi, gy ra cc bnh v ng h hp : Vim phi, kh

thng phi, ung th phi, vim mi d ng, hen ph qun, bnh bi phi. Tuy nhin,

tc ng ca bi c gim nhiu do D n p dng cc bin php gim thiu tc ng

ca bi trong qu trnh lp t my mc thit b c nu chng 4.

Cc cht gy nhim khng kh khc giai on ny l CO, NO2, SO2, tuy c

pht sinh nhng vi ti lng rt nh (nu phn ngun gy tc ng) nn khng nh

hng ln n mi trng khng kh.

c. nhim do khi hn, ct kim loi

Khi hn pht sinh t qu trnh hn in, ct kim loi c cha mt lng bi kim

loi v cc kh thi NO2, SO2, CO. Lng bi kim loi v kh thi NO 2, SO2, CO thot

ra ph thuc vo trnh hn ca cng nhn. Nhiu cng trnh nghin cu cho thy,

hm lng bi kim loi v nng cc kh thi pht sinh thp thng mang tnh cht

gin on nn khng gy tc ng nghim trng cho mi trng khng kh xung

quanh. Tuy nhin, khi hn nh hng nhiu n cng nhn lm vic trc tip. Lng

bi kim loi v kh NO2, SO2, CO pht sinh t l vi lng que hn.d. nhim mi trng nc

Ngun gy nhim nc trong giai on ny ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca

cng nhn v nc ma chy trn trn b mt din tch hin hu ca Cng ty TNHH

Tn Hon Cu.

Nc ma chy trn

Nc ma chy trn qua khu vc D n trong thi gian lp t cng l mt trong

nhng tc nhn gy nhim mi trng nu dng chy cun theo st thp vn, g,

xng du v cc loi rc thi sinh hot. H thng cng thot nc ma ti D n c

l iu kin thun li cho vic khng ch nhim nc ma chy trn.

Nc thi sinh hot

Ngun pht sinh nc thi ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn lp t.

Theo kinh nghim thc t, ty theo thi im m s lng cng nhn lm vic trong

D n s khc nhau, theo quy m ca D n th vo thi im ng nht c khong 30cng nhn tham gia lp t ti Nh my.

38


39/98

Nhu cu s dng nc sinh hot ca mi cng nhn bnh qun theo TCXDVN 33

2006 l 45 lt/ngi/ngy. Lng nc thi pht sinh chim khong 80% lng nc

s dng.

Qthi= 30 ngi x 45 lt/ngy/ngi x 80% = 1,08 m3/ngy

Nc thi sinh hot c cha nhiu cht hu c, cn l lng v cng vi cc cht

bi tit c cha nhiu loi vi khun gy bnh. Cht bi tit c nh ngha l phn v

nc tiu trong c cha nhiu mm bnh truyn nhim d dng ly lan t ngi

bnh n ngi khe mnh. Nhn chung, nc thi sinh hot v cc cht bi tit l

ngun c cha nhiu loi virus, vi khun, giun sn gy bnh cho ngi, lng cht

hu c ca phn v nc tiu c th nh gi qua cc ch tiu BOD 5 hoc cc ch s

tng t (COD v TOC) : Nc tiu c BOD5 khong 8,6 g/l v phn c BOD5

khong 9,6 g/100g.

Do khi nc thi sinh hot thm vo t v thot vo knh rch th y chnh

l ngun nhim ch yu cho mi trng t, nc ngm v nc mt ca khu vc.

nh gi mc nhim do ngun thi ny, ti lng cht pht sinh v nng

cht nhim, c th xc nh da trn h s pht thi ca WHO thit lp nh sau :

Bng 3.5 : Ti lng v nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot

Stt Cht nhim H s(g/ngi.ngy)

Ti lng(kg/ngy)

Nng (mg/l)

1 BOD5 45 54 1,35 1,62 1.250 15002 COD 72 102 2,16 3,06 2.000 2.8333 Cht rn l lng (SS) 70 145 2,1 4,35 1.944 4.0274 Du m 10 30 0,3 0,9 278 8335 Tng Nit 6 12 0,18 0,36 167 3336 Amni 2,4 4,8 0,072 0,144 67 1337 Tng Pht Pho 0,8 4,0 0,024 0,12 22 111

Ngun : T chc Y t Th gii WHO, 1993Theo kt qu tnh ton bng trn nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi

sinh hot kh cao, nu khng c bin php qun l tt s gy nhim mi trng xung

quanh khu vc D n. V vy, Ch u t p dng cc bin php hiu qu thu gom v

x l nc thi sinh hot ti khu vc D n theo ng quy nh.

e. Cht thi

Cht thi pht sinh trong giai on ny ch yu t hai ngun : Cht thi sinh

hot t hot ng ca cng nhn v cht thi nguy hi, khng nguy hi pht sinh t

qu trnh lp t my mc thit b ti D n.39


40/98

Cht thi sinh hot

Cht thi sinh hot pht sinh t hot ng n ung, sinh hot ca cng nhn vi

thnh phn ch yu l cm canh tha, v tri cy, ti nilon, v hp cm,... H s pht

sinh khong 0,3 0,5 kg/ngi/ngy. Vi s lng cng nhn lm vic 30 ngi th

khi lng cht thi rn pht sinh trong giai on ny khong 9 15 kg/ngy.

Cht thi sinh hot ch yu cha cc thnh phn hu c, lu ngy c th thi

ra, bc mi nh hng n sc khe ca ngi lao ng, pht sinh cc bnh truyn

nhim do sinh vt trung gian nh rui, kin, gin, chut mang li.

Cht thi t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b

Cht thi pht sinh t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b gm c thnh phn

nguy hi v khng nguy hi.Cc thnh phn khng nguy hi trong qu trnh ny nh st thp vn, carton,

g, nha, nylon,... T thc t lp t ti cc nh my khc th khi lng pht sinh c

tnh khong 150 kg.

Thnh phn nguy hi pht sinh trong qu trnh ny thng l du cn t qu

trnh chy cc my mc thit b, gi lau, bao b dnh cc thnh phn nguy hi, bng

n hunh quang thi,... y cng l mt ngun gy nhim cn c thu gom v x

l. Lng cht thi nguy hi pht sinh trong sut qu trnh ny c tnh khong 20 kg.Tuy nhin, D n p dng cc bin php qun l cht thi thch hp nn trn thc t,

mc tc ng xu t cht thi giai on ny n mi trng l thp.

Cht thi sinh hot c Cng ty Dch v Cng ch th x D An thu gom hng

ngy, cht thi t qu trnh lp t my mc thit b c vn chuyn v thi b ng

ni quy nh ngay khi pht sinh, cht thi nguy hi c cha vo bn, thng cha,

bao b chuyn dng trong khu vc lu tr cht thi nguy hi v Cng ty hp ng vi

n v c chc nng thu gom, vn chuyn, x l CTNH n x l CTNH ny theo

ng quy nh.

f. Tc ng ca cc ngun gy nhim mi trng t

Hot ng ca my mc thit b, vic tp kt, lu tr nguyn nhin liu phc v

cho cc hot ng ti D n v cc hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn lm pht sinh

cc cht thi gy nhim mi trng t nh : Nc thi, cht thi rn, nguyn vt

liu, du m ri vi, r r,... Tuy nhin, mt bng d n nm trong KCN Sng Thn 2 c nh gi tc ng mi trng tng th v khi lng cht thi pht sinh

40


41/98

khng ln, thi gian lp t ngn nn cc tc ng tiu cc n mi trng t l

khng ng k.

3.1.1.2. Giai on hot ng sn xut

Ngun pht sinh tc ng c nu c th trong bng sau :

Bng 3.6 : Ngun pht sinh cht thi trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n

Cc loi cht thi Ngun pht sinh Dng cht thi

Kh thi

Qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d

nguyn liu sn phm v cc qu

trnh giao thng khc

Bi t li cun t mt t,

cc kh thi sinh ra do t

nhin liu vn hnh xe nh

NOx, SO2, CO, bi.Qu trnh t du DO chy my

pht in d phng

Bi v kh thi nh SO2,

NOx, CO, nhit thi,Cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp

rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm

- Bi.

- Ting n.

- Kh thi.

- Nhit thi.Cng on pha ch ha cht Hi dung mi hu cMi hi pht sinh trong ton b

qu trnh

l mi hi c trng t

nc thi sinh hot v ccngun kh thi

Nc thi Nc thi sinh hot ca cn b

v cng nhn vin hot ng

trong D n

nhim ch yu cc cht

hu c BOD5, COD, SS v

vi sinh vt gy bnh

Cht thi khng

nguy hi

Giy vn ph liu pht sinh t

vn phng

Ch yu cha cc thnh

phn nh Xenluloza,

EminxenlulozaBao b ng nguyn vt liu v

thnh phm

Bao b khng dnh cc thnh

phn c hi

Cht thi sinh hot Nhiu thnh phn, ch yu l

hu c

Cc hp mc in v mc my

photo s dng trong vn phng,

bng n, pin c quy h hng,

than hot tnh qua s dng,

Thnh phn ch yu l nha

tng hp, kim loi, thy tinh

c dnh cc cht nguy hi

nh kim loi nng, thy

41


42/98

Cht thi nguy hi ngn, ch,

Cc loi thng, phuy c cha

hoc nhim du, ha cht

Bao gm cc loi thng,

phuy st v nha cha duDO, ha cht s dng ti

Nh my

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi

a. nhim mi trng khng kh

Kh thi t qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d nguyn liu, sn phm

Cc phng tin giao thng ra vo D n khng ch gy ra s xo trn li cun

bi mt t m qu trnh t du vn hnh xe cng pht sinh ra cc ngun nhim.

Cc phng tin ny thng s dng nhin liu ch yu l xng v du Diezel, qu

trnh vn hnh cc phng tin ny thi vo mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi

c cha cc cht nhim nh : bi, NOX, SO2, CO,... Hng ngy c tnh c khong

10 lt xe hi v xe ti, 200 lt xe gn my ra vo d n v thi gian ti a cho mi

ln n my l 10 pht. Vi khong thi gian , xe ti v xe hi s dng khong 1 lt

nhin liu, xe gn my s dng ht khong 0,1 lt nhin liu. T c th tnh tonc mi ngy c khong 30 lt nhin liu c cc phng tin s dng ra vo d n.

Da vo lng nhin liu s dng v h s nhim khi t nhin liu t cc

phng tin do C quan bo v mi trng M (US EPA) v T chc Y t Th gii

(WHO) thit lp, ta c th tnh ton c ti lng ca cc cht nhim do hot ng

ca cc phng tin giao thng ti khu vc Nh my a vo mi trng khng kh

nh sau :

Bng 3.7 : Ti lng nhim kh thi t nhin liu t cc phng tin giao thngStt Cht nhim H s nhim

(kg/1.000 lt)

Ti lng nhim

(kg/nm)1 Hydrocacbon 33,2 363,542 SO2 0,90 9,853 NOx 11,30 123,74 CO 291 3.186,455 Aldehyde 0,4 4,38

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v tnh ton

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43/98

Nh vy, t kt qu trn cho thy ti lng cc cht nhim trong kh thi t cc

phng tin giao thng ra vo Nh my l khng ln. Khu vc d n c cht lng

mi trng nn kh tt nn c th t lm sch ngun nhim ny.

nhim kh thi pht sinh t my pht in d phng

ch ng trong hot ng sn xut ca Nh xng, Cng ty c b tr d

phng 01 my pht in 350 KVA trong trng hp mt in. Lng du DO t

khong 15 lt/h vi khi lng ring ca du l 0,85 kg/lt th khi lng du DO s

dng l 12,75 kg/h. Nhit khi thi 200oC (473oK). Cc thng s nhim chnh t

my pht in l bi, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC.

Theo ti liu nh gi nhanh ca t chc Y t th gii WHO th ti lng cc cht

nhim t qu trnh s dng du DO ca my pht in nh sau.

Bng 3.8 : Ti lng cc cht nhim t my pht in d phng

Stt Cht nhimH s ti lng nhim

(kg/tn du)

Ti lng tnh ton

(g/h)

1 Bi 0,71 9,052 SO2 20S 2,553 NOX 9,62 122,6554 CO 2,19 27,92

5 VOC 0,791 10,08

Ngun : Pollution World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993

(Ghi ch : S liu tnh ton vi du DO c hm lng lu hunh 1%).

Th tch sn phm chy thu c trong qu trnh t 1 kg du DO iu kin

chun, [Trn Ngc Chn nhim khng kh v x l kh thi Nxb KHKT, 2001] :

V = 0,683.10-2.S + 1,865.10-2 .C + 1,853.10-2(1 )C + 0,111.H + 0,0124.W +

0,0016.d. (1 + 0,0016.d).[0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] + 0,8.10-2

.N +0,79 (1 + 0,0016.d). [0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] + 0,21( 1). (1 +

0,0016.d). [0,089.C + 0,264.H 0,0333(O S)] 0,5.1,723.10 -3/ NO2

Trong :

C-Thnh phn Cacbon trong du DO : 76,26%

S-Thnh phn Lu hunh trong du : 0,5%

O-Thnh phn Oxy trong du DO : 0,22%

N-Thnh phn Nit trong du : 0,24%

43


44/98

H-Thnh phn Hydro trong du : 22,72%

W-Thnh phn m trong du : 0,05%

A-Thnh phn tro : 0,01%

-H s khng kh tha : 1,3

-H s chy khng hon ton : 0,05

d- cha hi : 17 g/kg

NO2-Khi lng ring ca NO2 : 2,054 kg/Nm3

Th tch sn phm chy nhin liu du DO iu kin chun V = 18,7232 m3

chun/kg.du. Nhit kh thi cao nht 200oC (473oK), lng kh thi thc t l:

18,7232 x (273 + 200)/273 = 32,4398 m3/kg du.

Nh vy, ta c lu lng kh thi t my pht in nh sau : iu kin chun (25oC, 1atm) : 18,7232 x 12,75 = 238,72 m3/h.

nhit 200oC : 32,4398 x 12,75 = 413,61 m3/h.

Nng tnh ton cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in nh sau

(mg/Nm3) :

Bng 3.9 : Nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi my pht in

Stt Cht nhim

Nng

(mg/Nm3)

QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT,

ct B (Kp = 1,0; Kv = 1,0)1 Bi 37,91 2002 SO2 10,68 5003 NOX 513,8 8504 CO 116,96 1.0005 VOC 42,22 -

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v tnh ton

Nhn xt : Kt qu tnh ton cho thy nng cc cht nhim trong kh thi

my pht in u thp so vi gii hn cho php ca quy chun k thut quc gia vkh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c QCVN 19 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B

(Kp = 1,0; Kv = 1,0).

nhim khng kh t khu vc pha ch ha cht

Trong quy trnh sn xut ti Nh my c cng on pha ch ha cht v vy s

lm pht sinh hi dung mi hu c nh Toluen, Xylen, Axeton, Vic pha ch ha

cht c s dng dung mi hu c trong iu kin bnh thng d dng phn tn vo

mi trng xung quanh km theo cc mi rt c trng ca Toluen, Xylen, Axeton,

44


45/98

do tnh c th cc mi ny l d nhn bit bng khu gic d nng rt b v

thng gy cm gic kh chu.

Theo s liu tham kho o hm lng hi dung mi hu c ti cng on pha

ch ha cht ca nh my c cng ngh sn xut tng t l Cng ty TNHH Scancom

Vit Nam ti KCN Sng Thn 1 th nng cc cht nhim ti cng on ny c

trnh by trong bng sau.

Bng 3.10 : Nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh ti cng on pha ch

ha cht

Stt Cht nhimNng (mg/m3)

TCVS theo Q 3733/2002/Q BYT

1 Toluen 5,12 300

2 Xylene 7,05 3003 Axeton 0,4 1.000Ngun : Trung tm Quan trc Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Bnh Dng

Nhn xt : Kt qu o c cho thy nng cc cht hu c ti cng on pha

ch dung mi hu c thp hn so vi gii hn cho php ca tiu chun v sinh lao

ng km theo Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q BYT.

nhim bi v kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch

nhm v sn sn phmTheo kt qu tham kho ca Nh my sn xut bn gh g ca Cng ty TNHH

Scancom Vit Nam ti Bnh Dng c cng ngh tng t cho thy, hm lng bi

v kh thi ti cc phn xng sn xut ny thay i trong khong 0,204 n 3,033

mg/m3 v u thp hn tiu chun v sinh lao ng km theo Quyt nh s

3733/2002/Q BYT (6 mg/m3). n v ly mu, o c v phn tch l Trung tm

quan trc ti nguyn v mi trng tnh Bnh Dng. Bng kt qu phn tch o hin

trng khng kh ti Nh my sn xut bn gh g ca Cng ty TNHH Scancom Vit

Nam nh sau :

Bng 3.11 : Kt qu phn tch mu khng kh ti Nh my c cng ngh tng t

Ch tiuim o

Bi NO2 SO2 COmg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3

Khu vc ct 0,824 - - -Khu vc sn sn phm 3,033 - - -

Khu vc lp rp 0,704 - - -Khu vc ch nhm 2,109 0,135 0,272 1,310

45


46/98

Ch tiuim o

Bi NO2 SO2 COmg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3

Khu vc lm mu, trang tr 0,690 0,342 0,128 634

TCVSL 3733/2002/Q/BYT 6 10 10 40Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Nhn xt : Qua kt qu phn tch bng trn cho thy nng bi v kh thi ti

cc cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm v sn sn phm thng thp hn

tiu chun cho php. Tuy nhin m bo nng bi trong cc phn xng lun

t tiu chun quy nh, Cng ty tin hnh lp t thit b Cyclone kh kt hp vi lc

bi tay o x l trit lng bi v kh thi pht sinh ny.

nhim khng kh do kh thi pht sinh t hot ng giao thng vn ti

Trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my, vic vn chuyn, phn phi nguyn liuv hng ha c thc hin bi cc phng tin vn ti. Cc phng tin ny ch yu

s dng nhin liu du DO nn thi ra mi trng khng kh mt lng khi thi kh

ln cha cc cht nhim nh NO2, CxHy, CO, Ngun pht sinh kh thi do t du

DO ca cc phng tin ny th khng tp trung v khng lin tc.

c im ca ngun pht sinh kh thi do cc phng tin giao thng vn ti l

ngun nhim dng thp, cht c hi pht tn cc b v nng cc kh thi thng

khng qu cao, do vy tc ng ca chng khng ng k.

Bng 3.12 : Nng cht nhim o ti cng Nh my c cng ngh tng t

Stt Cht nhim Nng (mg/m3) QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT1 Bi 0,204 0,32 SO2 0,262 0,353 NO2 0,075 0,24 CO 0,359 30

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Nhn xt : Hu ht cc ch tiu khng kh u rt thp so vi quy chun k thut

quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh QCVN 05 : 2009/BTNMT.

Tc ng ca kh thi

Qua phn tch cc ngun gy tc ng trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n thy

cc ngun gy nhim khng kh ch yu l bi v kh thi trong qu trnh vn

chuyn; kh thi ti my pht in d phng; hi dung mi hu c t khu vc pha ch

ha cht v bi, kh thi pht sinh t cng on s ch, tinh ch, lp rp, ch nhm,

sn sn phm.

46


47/98

Cc tc nhn gy tc ng ch yu c trong kh thi l bi, cc kh axit (SO2,

NO2, CO), THC. i tng chu tc ng ch yu l cng nhn vin ca Nh my, dn

c, mi trng v ng thc vt xung quanh D n, c bit l khu vc c hng gi

thi chnh.

Cc tc ng ca cht gy nhim khng kh c m t trong bng sau.

Bng 3.13 : Tc hi ca cc cht gy nhim khng kh

Stt Thng s Cc tc ng1 Bi i vi con ngi v ng vt, bi gy kch

thch h hp, x ha phi, ung th phi, gy tn

thng da, gic mc mt, bnh ng tiu ha,

che chn tm nhn khi giao thng.

i vi thc vt : Bi lm gim kh nng h

hp ca l cy, nh th lm cho cy ho a, gim

nng sut nng th lm cho cy cht.

i vi mi trng : Bi lm cho nh sng

khc x, lm nhim bn nc ma v lm tng

nhit khng kh do n c kh nng gi nhit.2 Cc oxyt axit (SOx, NOx)

c trong kh thi ng c

i vi con ngi v ng vt : Gy nh

hng h h hp, phn tn vo mu, SO2 c th

nhim c qua da, lm gim d tr kim trong

mu.

i vi thc vt : Cc kh axit lm tn thng

l cy, to ma axt nh hng xu ti s pht

trin thm thc vt v cy trng.

Tng cng qu trnh n mn kim loi, phhy vt liu b tng v cc cng trnh nh ca.

nh hng xu n kh hu, h sinh thi v

tng zn.3 Oxyt cacbon(CO) Gim kh nng vn chuyn xy ca mu n cc

t chc, t bo do CO kt hp vi Hemoglobin

thnh cacboxyhemoglobin.4 Kh cacbonic (CO2) Gy ri lon h hp phi.

Gy hiu ng nh knh.

47


48/98

Tc hi n h sinh thi.5 Hydrocarbons c trong

ha cht bay hi t cht

thi

Gy nhim c cp tnh : Suy nhc, chng mt,

nhc u, ri lon gic quan c khi gy t vong

6 Kh H2S t qu trnh

phn hy cc cht hu

c (ch yu c trong rc

thi v nc thi sinh

hot)

H2S l kh c mu lc, d lan truyn trong

khng kh v c mi trng thi c trng.

H2S c oxy ha nhanh chng to thnh

cc Sulfat, cc hp cht c c tnh thp hn.

H2S c ch men Cytochromoxydaza (men h

hp WARBURG) cho nn c tc ng mnh ti

h h hp. Ngay nng thp, H2S c tc dng

kch thch ln mt v ng h hp. Khi tip xcko di s lm gim khu gic, nht l tip xc

nng cao lm t lit khu gic.

H2S nng 5 ppm gy nhc u kh chu,

nng 500 ppm c th gy t vong. Trong mi

trng lao ng, H2S c quy nh nng ti

a l 10 mg/m3 trung bnh 8 gi.

7 Kh CH4 t qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu

c (ch yu c trong rc

thi v nc thi sinh

hot)

Kh CH4 l sn phm cui cng ca qu trnhln men k kh. N t gy c hi, nu ch tn ti

mt nng thp hn kh nng c th pht chy.

Mi e da ch yu nht lin quan n kh sinh ra

l vn chy n khi CH4 tn ti nng 5

15%.Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi

Cc tc ng ca kh thi t qu trnh hot ng c khng ch bng cc binphp xut trong chng 4 do trn thc t cc tc ng trn c kim sot v

khng ch.

b. nhim mi trng nc

Nc ma chy trn

Theo cc ti liu Cp thot nc Nh xut bn Khoa hc K thut, 1996 v

Mng li thot nc Nh xut bn xy dng, 1996 th lng nc ma chy trn

qua khu vc nh xng c tnh theo cng thc sau :

48


49/98

Q = x q x S

Trong

S : Din tch nh my = 1,2943 ha

: H s dng chy (d n i vo hot ng chn = 0,95)

q : Cng ma (l/s.ha), q = 166,7 x i

166,7 : Modul chuyn t cng ma tnh theo lp nc sang

cng ma tnh theo th tch.

i (mm/pht) : Cng ca trn ma l t s gia chiu cao lp

nc vi thi gian. Theo s liu thy vn ca khu vc vo nm

2010, th i = 1,2 mm/pht.

q = 166,7 x 1,2 = 200,04 (l/s.ha)Tng lng nc ma pht sinh ln nht t Nh my :

Q = x q x S = 0,95 x 200,04 x 1,2943 = 0,246 (m 3/s)

Nc thi sinh hot

Theo d kin ca Ch u t, khi D n i vo hot ng n nh s dng

khong 450 lao ng. Trung bnh mi ngi lm vic ti Nh my s dng khong

100 lt nc/ngy trong nc v sinh c thu qua b t hoi (nc en) khong 60

lt/ngi/ngy, lng nc cn li trung bnh mi ngi s dng khong 40

lt/ngi/ngy v sinh thng thng nh ra mt, ra tay chn, v sinh sau khi n

(nc xm), s khng c thu qua b t hoi.

Do vy, lng nc thi sinh hot thi ra i vo b t hoi trung bnh khong

21,6 m/ngy m; lng nc thi sinh hot cn li khng i qua b t hoi trung

bnh thi ra mi ngy khong 14,4 m/ngy.m. i vi nc thi sinh hot nh v

sinh ra tay chn, mt mi, kh c tnh c nng n nh v ph thuc nhiuvo c tnh sn xut ca mi nh xng. Nc thi ny c Cng ty thu gom v u

ni vo h thng thot nc thi chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2.

i vi nc v sinh i qua b t hoi, c trng ca loi nc thi ny l c

nhiu cht l lng, nng cht hu c cao (t nh v sinh) nu khng c tp trung

v x l th cng nh hng xu n ngun nc mt. Ngoi ra, khi tch t lu ngy,

cc cht hu c ny b phn hy gy ra mi hi.

Bng 3.14 : Tnh cht c trng ca nc thi sinh hot

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50/98

Stt Cht nhim Nng trung bnh (mg/l)1 pH 6,8

2 Cht rn l lng 220

3 Tng cht rn 720

4 COD 5005 BOD5 250

6 Tng Nit 40

7 Tng Phospho 8Ngun : Gio trnh cng ngh x l nc thi Trn Vn Nhn & Ng Th Nga, NXB

Khoa Hc K Thut, 1999

Cc cht hu c c trong nc thi sinh hot ch yu l cc loi Carbonhydrate,

Protein, Lipid l cc cht d b vi sinh vt phn hy. Khi phn hy th vi sinh vt cnly oxy ha tan trong nc chuyn ha cc cht hu c ni trn thnh CO2, N2,

CH4, Nng cc cht nhim c trong nc thi sinh hot u vt quy chun

QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct B Tiu chun thu gom nc thi ca KCN Sng

Thn 2 nhiu ln. V vy, nc thi sinh hot phi c x l cc b ti cc b t hoi

03 ngn ca Nh my trc khi u ni dn nc thi sinh hot v h thng x l

nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 x l t QCVN 24 : 2009/BTNMT, ct

A (ng vi h s Kf = 1,0 v Kq = 0,9) trc khi thi vo knh Ba B. Nc thi sn xut

Trong ton b quy trnh cng ngh ca Nh my khng s dng nc v vy

hot ng ca Nh my khng lm pht sinh nc thi sn xut. Nc thi pht sinh

ti D n ch yu l nc thi sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin ca Nh my.

Tc ng ca nc thi

Nh phn tch trn ngun nc thi trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n ch

yu l nc thi t hot ng sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn vin trong Nh my.

Nc thi pht sinh c Ch d n thu gom v x l cc b trc khi thi vo h

thng thu gom v x l nc thi chung ca KCN Sng Thn 2, do i tng chu

s tc ng chnh l h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2. Trong

trng hp h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca KCN Sng Thn 2 gp s c m

nguyn nhn l do khng kim sot c ht nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi

u vo th i tng chu tc ng gin tip l knh Ba B.

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Da vo cc ngun nhim c trng ca nc thi, Chng ti a ra cc tc

hi ca mt s cht nhim trong nc thi nh sau.

Bng 3.15 : Tc hi ca mt s cht nhim trong nc thi

Stt Thng s Tc hi

1 Nhit ca nc thi th thng x l kh thi v

nc thi sinh hot

Lm nh hng n ng thc vt c trongngun tip nhn nc thi nh cy ci v

ng vt sng trn t, c th y c th

lm gim nng sut ca cy hay lm cht cy

v cc loi cn trng sng trong t ti cc h

thot nc ca d n.

nh hng n tc v dng phn hy

cc hp cht hu c trong nc thi.

Lm tng kh nng bc hi ca cc cht

thi c trong nc, c bit l cc hp cht d

bay hi nh Amonia.

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2 Cc cht hu c t nc

thi sinh hot (BOD5,

COD).

Gim nng xy ha tan trong nc. Cc

hp cht ny phn hy gy ra mi kh chu

cho cng nhn vin hot ng trong nh my.

Cc hp cht hu c c trong nc thi

cn lm cho nhim nc ngm v t khu

vc tip nhn ngun nhim ny, l mi

trng pht trin cc vi sinh vt gy bnh

cho con ngi v ng vt lm vic ti d n

v xung quanh d n.

Cc cht hu c qu cao nu khng c

x l s lm nh hng n cht lng ncu vo ca h thng x l nc thi tp

trung KCN Sng Thn 2 v cc qu trnh x

l tip theo. Tuy nhin mc nh hng

khng cao do khi thit k h thng x l nc

thi tp trung, nh u t tnh n cc ch

tiu ny c th vt Quy chun QCVN 24 :

2009/BTNMT, ct B.3 Cht rn l lng c trong

nc thi sinh hot

Lm bt cc mao dn trong t khu vc t

thm, gim kh nng thm nc.

Cc cht l lng thm vo nc ngm cn

lm gim cht lng nc ngm khu vc D

n, nh hng n trong ca nc.

4 Cc cht dinh dng (N,P)c trong nc thi sinh

hot

Gy hin tng ph dng, m y l t trongkhu vc D n, gy ra hin tng pht trin mnh

mt s loi ru v thc vt khng c ch.

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5 Cc vi khun gy bnh c

trong nc thi sinh hot

Nc c ln vi khun gy bnh l nguyn

nhn ca cc dch bnh.

Coliform l nhm vi khun gy bnh

ng rut.

E.coli (Escherichia Coli) l vi khun thuc

nhm Coliform, c nhiu trong phn ngi.

Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp v nh gi

Tc ng ca cc yu t c trong nc thi sinh hot trong qu trnh hot ng

c khng ch v kim sot bng cc bin php m t trong chng 4 do trn thc

t, cc tc ng gim nhiu so vi nhng m t ti bng trn.

c. Cht thi

Cht thi sinh hot

Cht thi thng thng pht sinh t D n bao gm mt s giy vn ph liu

pht sinh trong hot ng ca vn phng, cc bao b ng nguyn vt liu khng dnh

cc thnh phn c hi v rc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn vin : Giy vn ph

liu t vn phng c tnh lng ph liu ny pht sinh khong 2 3 kg/ngy. Thnh

phn ch yu ca ngun ph thi ny l Xenluloza, Heminxenluloza.

Vi tng s lng cng nhn vin lm vic khi D n i vo sn xut n nhkhong 450 ngi v trung bnh mi ngi mi ngy thi ra khong 0,3 0,5 kg, th

khi lng cht thi rn sinh hot c tnh l 135 225 kg/ngy. Thnh phn thng

thng ca cht thi rn sinh hot nh sau :

Bng 3.16 : Thnh phn ca cht thi sinh hot

Stt Thnh phn T l (%)

1 Thc n tha 50,27

2 Giy cc loi 2,72

3 Que, g vn 6,27

4 Cao su, nha 0,71

5 V c, v s 1,06

6 Thy tinh 0,317 Gch , t,si, snh s 7,43

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8 Kim loi 1,02

9 Rc vn kch c di 10 mm 30,21

Tng cng 100%Ngun : PTS. Nghim Xun t Nng cao hiu qu qun l cht thi rn thnh

ph NXB chnh tr quc giaCht thi sinh hot phn ln l c hm lng cht hu c d phn hy sinh hc.

y l mi trng thun li cc vt mang mm bnh sinh si, pht trin nh : Rui,

mui, chut, gin, lm mt v sinh v m quan ca Nh my, nh hng n sc

khe ca ngi tip xc trc tip vi ngun nhim ny. Ngoi ra, nu khng c

bo qun tt, nc ma chy trn qua khu vc cha cht thi rn sinh hot cun theo

cc cht nhim thm vo t lm nh hng n mi trng t, nc mt, nc

ngm. Qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c cn sinh ra mi hi thi nh hng n mi

trng khng kh khu vc. Qua bng trn th cc cht thi rn loi ny cha nhiu cht

hu c d phn hy v pht sinh vi khi lng kh ln, v vy nu khng c thu

gom v x l sinh ra mi hi thi lm nh hng n sc khe v lm mt v p m

quan ca Nh my.

Cht thi khng nguy hi

Thnh phn cht thi rn sn xut ca Nh my ch yu l cc loi ph liu gvn, da trang tr tha, khng dnh cc thnh phn nguy hi. Khi lng cht thi rn

ny pht sinh khong 50 kg/ngy. Cc loi cht thi ph liu c kh nng ti ch c

thu gom lu cha vo khu vc ring v bn li cho cc c s c nhu cu mua cc loi

ph liu ny. i vi cht thi khng nguy hi khng c kh nng ti ch c Ch d

n hp ng vi cc n v c chc nng thu gom v x l.

Cht thi nguy hi

Cht thi rn nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca Nh my ch yu l pin c

quy, bng n hunh quang thi, gi lau dnh du m, cn du m, than hot tnh

qua s dng,... Khi lng pht sinh khong 80 kg/ngy. Khi lng cht thi rn

nguy hi trn c Cng ty thu gom hng ngy v lu cha vo khu vc lu cha tm

thi CTNH ng theo Ngh nh 59/2007/N CP ngy 09/04/2007 ca Chnh ph v

qun l cht thi rn v Thng t s 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B

trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng quy nh v qun l cht thi nguy hi.

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Ngoi ra, Cng ty tin hnh lm h s ng k S ch ngun thi cht thi nguy

hi pht sinh ti Nh my v Cng ty cng hp ng vi n v c chc nng thu gom,

vn chuyn, x l CTNH x l CTNH theo ng quy nh.

M s ca cc cht thi nguy hi trn c lit k trong bng sau :

Bng 3.17 : Danh mc cc cht thi nguy hi pht sinh t hot ng ca d n

Stt Tn CTNHTrng thi tn

ti thng thng

S lng

(kg/thng)M CTNH

1 Bng n hunh quang thi Rn 1 16 01 06

2Du nhin liu v du Diesel

thiLng 5 17 06 01

3Than hot tnh qua s dng

t qu trnh x l kh thi

Rn 60 12 01 04

4Gi lau, vi bo v thi b

nhim cc thnh phn nguy hiRn 10 18 02 01

5 Pin, cquy ch thi Rn 2 19 06 016 Hp mc in vn phng Rn 2 08 02 04

Tng cng 80Ghi ch : M CTNH theo Thng t 12/2011/TT BTNMT ngy 14/04/2011 ca B

trng B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v qun l cht thi nguy hi.

3.1.2. Ngun tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi

3.1.2.1. Giai on lp t my mc thit b

a. nhim ting n

Ting n trong giai on lp t my mc thit b ch yu l do hot ng ca

cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng lp t. Mc n cch ngun 1m ca cc

phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng c trnh by trong bng sau. Mc n gim dn

theo khong cch nh hng v c th d bo nh sau :

Lp(x) = Lp(xo) + 20 log10(xo/x) Lp(xo) : Mc n cch ngun 1m (dBA)

xo = 1m

Lp(x) : Mc n ti v tr cn tnh ton (dBA)

x : V tr cn tnh ton (m)

Bng 3.18 : Mc n ti a t hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v thi cng

Stt Cc phng tin

Mc n cch ngun 1m

(dBA)

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Mc n

cch ngun

20m (dBA)

Mc n

cch ngun

50m (dBA)

Khong Trung bnh

1 My ko 77,0 96,0 86,5 60,5 52,5

2 Xe ti 82,0 94,0 88,0 62,0 54,03 My nn kh 75,0 87,0 81,0 55,0 47,0QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT : 70 dBA (T 6 21h)

Tiu chun ca B Y T i vi khu vc sn xut : 85 dBA

(vi thi gian tip xc 8 gi)Ngun : Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Vn Tng tng hp

Nhn xt : Mc n ti a do hot ng ca cc phng tin vn chuyn v lp t my

mc thit b ti v tr cch ngun 20 m v 50 m nh hn gii hn cho php ca quy

chun QCVN 26 : 2010/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.Ngoi ra, hot ng lp t my mc thit b cho Nh my ch thc hin vo

ban ngy, v vy tc ng do ting n n khu dn c xung quanh l khng ng k.

b. nh hng ca rung

Cc thit b, my mc dng trong qu trnh lp t thng sinh ra nhng rung

ng ln nh hng trc tip ti sc khe ca cng nhn cng nh lan truyn trn nn

t mi trng ra mi trng xung quanh.

nh hng n cng nhn trc tip vn hnh : Mc gia tc rung c xc nh

theo cng thc : La = 20 log (A/A0) (dB)

Trong A : Gi tr gia tc rung tnh my m/s2

A0 : Gia tc ngng chun (A0 = 10-5 m/s2)

Ty thuc vo chng loi v cng sut ca cc thit b my mc m mc

rung ng sinh ra s khc nhau.

nh hng n mi trng xung quanh : Rung ng sinh ra trong qu trnhhot ng lm vic ca cc thit b dng trong giai on lp t my mc khng

nhng ch gy nh hng ti mi trng lao ng, ti sc khe ngi cng nhn vn

hnh, thao tc my m cn lan truyn di dng sng mt trn nn t gy nhng tc

ng nht nh ti mi trng xung quanh.

c. Tp trung cng nhn trong giai on lp t my mc thit b

Vic tp trung cng nhn lao ng trong giai on ny c bit i vi nhng

cng nhn t ni khc n c th nh hng n tnh hnh an ninh trt t ca khu vc.

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Tuy nhin, vi s lng cng nhn trong giai on ny khng cao d kin khong 30

ngi phn chia theo tng giai on, do mc tc ng ny khng ng k.

d. Gia tng s lng phng tin giao thng

Vic vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b s lm nh hng n hot

ng giao thng trn cc tuyn ng vn chuyn : Gia tng s lng phng tin

giao thng, ri vi vt liu,...

3.1.2.2. Giai on hot ng

Do Nh my s dng t v c s h tng ca KCN Sng Thn 2 nn cc tc

ng xi mn, trt, st l, ln t, thay i nc mt, nc ngm, xm nhp mn,

phn, bin i kh hu, suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng,... c nh gi trong

qu trnh quy hoch v nh gi tc ng mi trng cho ton th KCN Sng Thn 2.

V vy, qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my tun th y theo cc quy hoch v cc

quy nh qun l ca KCN Sng Thn 2.

T hot ng cc phng tin giao thng trong khun vin Nh my : Hot

ng

dtm phuc thang chinh sua

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