dss components

8/8/2019 Dss Components

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Systems )Systems )A DSS is an interactive, flexible andA DSS is an interactive, flexible andadaptable computer based informationadaptable computer based information

system that utilizes decision rules, modelssystem that utilizes decision rules, models

and model base coupled with aand model base coupled with acomprehensive database and the decisioncomprehensive database and the decision

makers own insight, leading to specificmakers own insight, leading to specific

implement able decisions in solvingimplement able decisions in solving

problems.problems.

Thus a DSS supports complex decisionThus a DSS supports complex decision

making and increases its effectiveness.making and increases its effectiveness.


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Characteristics of DSSCharacteristics of DSS

It is aIt is a management supportmanagement support system whose capabilitiessystem whose capabilitiesgo beyond that of MIS.go beyond that of MIS.

It isIt is only supportive in natureonly supportive in nature and human decisionand human decisionmakers still retain their supremacy.makers still retain their supremacy.

IsIs individual specificindividual specific.( Each decision maker can.( Each decision maker can

incorporate his own perceptions about the problem andincorporate his own perceptions about the problem andanalyze its effect)analyze its effect)

Extensively uses databasesExtensively uses databases ( info about the problem is( info about the problem isstored in Data Bases and DSS needs an effective DBMS )stored in Data Bases and DSS needs an effective DBMS )

Also incorporates mathematical, statistical and ORAlso incorporates mathematical, statistical and OR

( Operations Research )( Operations Research ) modelsmodels..Has extensiveHas extensive querying capabilitiesquerying capabilities..

ProvideProvide good user interfacesgood user interfaces..

Is effective in providing assistance to solveIs effective in providing assistance to solve semisemistructured problemsstructured problems at all levels. ( DSS are used atat all levels. ( DSS are used at

first line, middle line and top line management )first line, middle line and top line management )


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Subsystems in a DSSSubsystems in a DSS

DSS has the following subsystemsDSS has the following subsystems --Database SubsystemDatabase Subsystem-- create, modify, delete,create, modify, delete,query the data in the DB & enforce standardsquery the data in the DB & enforce standardsand ensure integrityand ensure integrity

Model Management SubsystemModel Management Subsystem-- provides theprovides thefollowingfollowing -- facilities for creation, maintenance,facilities for creation, maintenance,effective execution and management of variouseffective execution and management of variousmodels. Example of models used inmodels. Example of models used in

manufacturing ( next slidemanufacturing ( next slide -- 4 )4 )Dialogue Management SubsystemDialogue Management Subsystem -- ProvidesProvidesmanus and icons for the user to communicatemanus and icons for the user to communicateeffectively with the system.effectively with the system.


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DivisionDivision ActivityActivity Models usedModels used

AccountingAccounting Allocation of fundsAllocation of funds Linear programmingLinear programming

modelmodelInventoryInventory EOQ and reorder level,EOQ and reorder level,

inventory simulationinventory simulation

Inventory ( graphical orInventory ( graphical or

linear equationlinear equation

mathematical models )mathematical models )

FinanceFinance Cash flowCash flow SimulationSimulation

ProductionProduction Job sequencingJob sequencing PERT/CPMPERT/CPM

R&DR&D Product researchProduct research PERT/CPM andPERT/CPM and

simulationsimulation

(i)(i) S & MarketingS & Marketing(ii)(ii) PersonalPersonal

(i) Competition analysis,(i) Competition analysis,(ii) Labor management(ii) Labor management

Game theory for bothGame theory for both

Examples of Models used in Manufacturing Plant( Factory )


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Model Management SubsystemModel Management Subsystem

It provides the followingIt provides the following

1.1. AA Model Base Management SystemModel Base Management System-- whichwhichhelps in the creation, maintenance, effectivehelps in the creation, maintenance, effectiveexecution and management of various models.execution and management of various models.

2.2. AnAn External interfaceExternal interface which permits a user towhich permits a user tochoose a model to be executed and provideschoose a model to be executed and providesfacilities for entering data.facilities for entering data.

3.3. AnAn Interface to the Data baseInterface to the Data base providesprovides

facilities to access the data from the databasefacilities to access the data from the databaseto execute the user specific models with theto execute the user specific models with thedata available in the DB.data available in the DB.


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Dialogue Management SubsystemDialogue Management Subsystem

Provides manus and icons for the user toProvides manus and icons for the user to

communicate effectively with the systemcommunicate effectively with the system

Provides online context sensitive helpProvides online context sensitive helpConvert the queries given by the user intoConvert the queries given by the user into

the forms which the other systems canthe forms which the other systems can

recognize and execute.recognize and execute.

And keep track of the activities that areAnd keep track of the activities that are

performed.performed.


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GDSS ( Group DSS )GDSS ( Group DSS )

Today importance of collective decisions is being felt.Today importance of collective decisions is being felt.For main issues to be sorted out brainstorming sessionsFor main issues to be sorted out brainstorming sessionsare carried out and the collective pool of ideas andare carried out and the collective pool of ideas andopinions give a final shape to a decision.opinions give a final shape to a decision.

GDSS facilitates decision making by a team ofGDSS facilitates decision making by a team ofdecision makers, working as a group.decision makers, working as a group.

The hardware requirements for GDSS are similar toThe hardware requirements for GDSS are similar tothose of DSS except that it provides facilities forthose of DSS except that it provides facilities forinteractive communication ( chat mode ) andinteractive communication ( chat mode ) andvisualization. Moreovervisualization. Moreoverfacilities for teleconferencingfacilities for teleconferencingare also provided.are also provided.

Ref Book : DSS by Jankiraman, PHI.Ref Book : DSS by Jankiraman, PHI.

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