DRUG ABUSE

Prathyusha

Pharm-D 2nd year

Drug abuseIt refers to use of a drug by self medication in a

mannerand amount that deviates from the approved medical and social patterns in a given culture at a given time.The term conveys social disapproval of the manner

and purpose of drug use.for regulatory agencies,drug

abuserefers to any use of an ilicit drug

Drug addiction It is a pattern of compulsive drug use

characterized by overwhelming involvement.

With the use of a drug.procuring the drug and using it takes precedence over other activities.

Even after withdrawal most addicts tends to relapse.

Ex:Amphetamines,cocaine…

Drug habituation It denotes less intensive

involvement with the drug , so that its withdrawal produces only mild discomfort.

Consumption of tea,coffee,tobacco.

Commonly abused drugs

Depressants Stimulants Hallucinogens Marijuana Inhalants steroids

Depressants it shows brain and body reactiosbarbiturates,opiates,alcohol,heroinit shows contraction of pupils,clumsiness,sleepiness

Stimulants Stimulants cause brain and body

reactions to speed up. Cocaine ,nicotine,amphetamines,morp

hine. Dilated pupils,hyperactivity,euphoria Weightloss,dry mouth

Hallucinogens

Many natural products having

hallucinogenic property. These drugs which alters the

mood,behaviour thought and perception in a manner similar to that seen in psychosis.

LSD(lysergic acid diethylamide) It is synthesized by hofmann it is an

ergot alkaloids(mental effects and central

Sympathetic stimulation).

marijuana It act as an

depressant,stimulant,hallusinogen. It cause glassy,red eyes,loud talking,

loss of interest.

Inhalants Inhalants are extremely dangerous

can die from first time use mostly hydroflurocarbons,

Alkylnitrites,toluene,xylene

Watery eyes,anxiety,irritability,drowsiness,

headache,nausea.

SteroidsThese drugs to make users bigger, fasters,stronger can be take in the form of pill.

Way of consuming drugs

smoking snorting

Mechanism of action of cocaine Cocaine stimulates vagal center

vomiting centre, raise up in BP & pyrexia.

Cocaine blocks uptake of dopamine, noradrenalin and adrenaline into adrenergic nerve endings, resulting higher cocentration of the transmitter around the receptors. It shows sympathomimetic effect.

Leads to local vasoconstriction and tachycardia.

Mechanism of action of cocaine

Morphine

It is widely used for acute and chronic pain.

Route of administration oral&injections etc..

It causes sedation,depression,constipation,itching.

All opioid receptors are linked through G-proteins to inhibition of adenylate cyclase.

Mechanism of action of morphine

They are addicted

changes before -after

Counselling the ptients carefully

Anti drugs – listenning music , changing their habits, laughing,dancing.

Thank you